Necrosis of nasal and airway epithelium in rats inhaling vapors of artificial butter flavoring

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

Volumn 185, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 128-135

  Hubbs, A F ^a   Battelli, L A ^a   Goldsmith, W T ^a   Porter, D W ^a   Frazer, D ^a   Friend, S ^a   Schwegler Berry, D ^a   Mercer, R R ^a   Reynolds, J S ^a   Grote, A ^a   Castranova, V ^a   Kullman, G ^a   Fedan, J S ^a   Dowdy, J ^a   Jones, W G ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Airway obstruction; Bronchitis; Butter; Diacetyl; Flavoring; Lung; Nose; Popcorn

Indexed keywords

2 NONANONE; 2,3 BUTANEDIOL; 2,3 BUTANEDIONE; ACETIC ACID; ACETOIN; BUTYRIC ACID; DIMER; FLAVORING AGENT; KETONE DERIVATIVE; LACTONE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AIRWAY; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; BRONCHITIS; BUTTER; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXPOSURE; FOOD INDUSTRY; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; LUNG ALVEOLUS; LUNG LAVAGE; MALE; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MORTALITY; NECROSIS; NONHUMAN; NOSE MUCOSA; RAT; RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM; RHINITIS; VAPOR;

ANIMALIA; BRONCHUS;

EID: 0036939548     PISSN: 0041008X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9525     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Adams, B. F., Brazelton, T., Berry, G. J., and Morris, R. E. (2000). The role of respiratory epithelium in a rat model of obliterative airway disease. Transplantation 69, 661-693.
2. th Ed. Saunders, Philadelphia.
3. Dahl, A. R. (1989). Metabolic characteristics of the respiratory tract. In Concepts in Inhalation Toxicology (R. O. McClellan and R. F. Henderson, Eds.), pp. 141-160. Hemisphere, New York.
4. Dahl, A. R., and Bechtold, W. E. (1985). Deposition and clearance of a water-reactive vapor, methylphosphonic difluoride (difluoro), inhaled by rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 81, 58-66.
5. Dalbey, W., Dunn, B., Bannister, R., Daughtrey, W., Kirwin, C., Reitman, F., Wells, M., and Bruce, J. (1998). Short-term exposures of rats to airborne hydrogen fluoride. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 55, 241-275.
6. Diamond, G., Legarda, D., and Ryan, L. K. (2000). The innate immune response of the respiratory epithelium. Immunol. Rev. 173, 27-38.
7. Fedan, J. S., and Frazer, D. G. (1992). Influence of epithelium on the reactivity of guinea-pig isolated, perfused trachea to bronchoactive drugs. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 262, 741-750.
8. Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (2001). Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Volume 3, Part 184, Direct Food Substances Affirmed as Generally Recognized as Safe. 21CFR184.1278. U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access. Revised April 1, 2001.
9. Furihata, C., Yoshida, S., and Matushima, T. (1985). Potential initiating and promoting activities of diacetyl and glyoxal in rat stomach mucosa. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 76, 809-814.
10. Heck, H. d'A., Chin, T. Y., and Schmitz, M. C. (1983). Distribution of [14C] formaldehyde in rats after inhalation exposure. In Formaldehyde Toxicity (J. E. Gibson, Ed.), pp. 26-37. Hemisphere, Washington, DC.
11. Hubbs, A. F., Castanova, V., Ma, J. Y. C., Frazer, D. G., Siegel, P. D., Ducatman, B. S., Grote, A., Schwegler-Berry, D., Robinson, V. A., Van Dyke, C., Barger, M., Xiang, J., and Parker. J. (1997). Acute lung injury induced by a commercial leather conditioner. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 143, 37-46.
12. Hubbs, A. F., Minhas, N. S., Jones, W., Greskevitch, M., Battelli, L. A., Porter, D. W., Goldsmith, W. T., Frazer, D., Landsittel, D., Ma, J. Y. C., Barger, M., Hill, K., Schwegler-Berry, D., Robinson, V. A., and Castranova, V. (2001). Comparative pulmonary toxicity of six abrasive blasting agents. Toxicol. Sci. 61, 135-143.
13. Karnovsky, M. J. (1965). A formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative of high osmolarity for use in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol. 27, 137A.
14. Kreiss K., Gomaa A., Kullman G., Fedan K., Simoes E. J., and Enright P. L. (2002). Clinical bronchiolitis obliterans in workers at a microwave-popcorn plant. N. Engl. J. Med. 347, 330-338.
15. Medinsky, M. A., and Bond, J. A. (2001). Sites and mechanisms for uptake of gases and vapors in the respiratory tract. Toxicology 160, 165-172.
16. Munro, I. C., Shubik, P., and Hall, R. (1998). Principles for the safety evaluation of flavouring substances. Food Chem. Toxicol. 36, 529-540.
17. Puchelle, E. (2000). Airway epithelium wound repair and regeneration after injury. Acta. Otorhinolaryngol. Belg. 54, 263-270.
18. Ward, K. A., Nicholls, D. P., and Stanford C. F. (1993). The prevalence of preferential nasal breathing in adults. Respir. Med. 87, 295-297.
19. Woods, L. A., and Doull, J. (1991). GRAS evaluation of flavoring substances by the expert panel of FEMA. Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 14, 48-58.
20. Young, J. T. (1981). Histologic examination of the rat nasal cavity. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 1, 309-312.