Weathering of chlorite: I. Reactions and products in microsystems controlled by the primary mineral

Clays and Clay Minerals

Volumn 50, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 685-698

  Aspandiar, Mehrooz F ^a   Eggleton, Richard A ^a  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Chlorite; Corrensite; Goethite; Kaolinite; Transmission electron microscopy; Vermiculite; Weathering; X ray diffraction

Indexed keywords

CHLORITE MINERALS; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; IRON; KAOLIN; SILICATES; THERMAL STRATIFICATION; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; WEATHERING;

MICROSITES; MICROSYSTEMS;

CLAY MINERALS;

CHLORITE; CORRENSITE; GOETHITE; KAOLINITE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; VERMICULITE; WEATHERING;

EID: 0036935235     PISSN: 00098604     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1346/000986002762090227     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Adams, W.A. and Kassim, J.K. (1983) The origin of vermiculite in soils developed from Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks in mid-Wales. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 47, 316-320.
2. Ahn, J.H. and Peacor, D.R. (1986) Transmission and analytical electron microscopy of smectite-to-illite transition. Clays and Clay Minerals, 34, 165-188.
3. Ahn, J.H. and Peacor, D.R. (1987) Kaolinization of biotite: TEM data implications for an alteration mechanism. American Mineralogist, 72, 353-356.
4. Ambrosi, J.P., Nahon, D. and Herbillon, A.J. (1986) The epigenetic replacement of kaolinite by hematite in laterite - Petrographic evidence and mechanisms involved. Geoderma, 37, 283-294.
5. Anand, R.R. and Gilkes, R.J. (1984) Weathering of hornblende, plagioclase and chlorite in meta-dolerite, Australia. Geoderma, 34, 261-280.
6. Argast, S. (1991) Chlorite vermiculization and pyroxene etching in an aeolian periglacial sand dune, Allen county, Indiana. Clays and Clay Minerals, 39, 622-633.
7. Aspandiar, M.F. and Eggleton, R.A. (2002) Weathering of chlorite: II. Reactions and products in Microsystems controlled by solution avenues. Clays and Clay Minerals, 50, 699-709.
8. Bain, D.C. (1977) The weathering of chloritic minerals in some Scottish soils. Journal of Soil Science, 28, 144-164.
9. Banfield, J.F. and Eggleton, R.A. (1988) Transmission electron microscope study of biotite weathering. Clays and Clay Minerals, 36, 47-60.
10. Banfield, J.F. and Murakami, K. (1998) Atomic-resolution transmission electron microscope evidence for the mechanism by which chlorite weathers to 1:1 semi-regular chlorite-vermiculite. American Mineralogist, 83, 348-357.
11. Bons, A.J., Drury, M., Schyvers, D. and Zwart, H.J. (1990) The nature of grain boundaries in slates. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 17, 402-408.
12. Cho, H.D. and Mermut, A.R. (1992) Evidence for halloysite formation from weathering of ferruginous chlorite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 40, 608-619.
13. Fergusson, C.L., Cas, R.A.F., Collins, W.J., Craig, G.Y., Crook, K.A.W., Powell, C.McA. Scott, P.A. and Young, G.C. (1979) The Upper Devonian Boyd Volcanic Complex, Eden, New South Wales. Journal of Geological Society of Australia, 26, 87-106.
14. Graham, R.C., Daniels, R.B. and Buol, S.B. (1990) Soil geomorphic relations in the Blue Ridge Front 1: Regolith types and slope processes. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 54, 1362-1367.
15. Gilkes, R.J. and Little, I.P. (1972) Weathering of chlorite and some associations of trace elements in Permian phyllites in Southeast Queensland. Geoderma, 7, 233-247.
16. Hay, R.S. and Evans, B. (1988) Intergranular distribution of pore fluid and the nature of high-angle grain boundaries in limestone and marble. Journal of Geophysical Research, 93, 8954-8974.
17. Herbillon, A.J. and Makumbi, M.H. (1975) Weathering of chlorite in a soil derived from a chlorite-schist under humid tropical conditions. Geoderma, 13, 889-104.
18. Hochella, M.F. and Banfield, J.F. (1995) Chemical weathering of silicates in nature: A microscopic perspective with theoretical considerations. Pp. 353-401 in: Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals (A.F. White and S.L. Brantley, editors). Reviews in Mineralogy, 31. Mineralogical Society of America. Washington, D.C.
19. Hughes, R.E., Moore, D.M. and Reynolds, R.C., Jr. (1993) The nature, detection, occurrence, and origin of kaolinite/ smectite. Pp. 261-289 in: Kaolin Genesis and Utilisation (H.H. Murray, W. Bundy and C.C. Harvey, editors). The Clay Minerals Society, Bloominton, Indiana.
20. Jiang, W.T. and Peacor, D.R. (1991) TEM study of kaolinization of muscovite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 39, 1-13.
21. Jiang, W.T., Peacor, D.R., Merriman, R.J. and Roberts, B. (1990) Transmission and analytical electron microscopic study of mixed-layer illite/smectite formed as apparent replacement product of diagenetic illite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 38, 449-468.
22. Johnson, C.J. (1964) Occurrence of regularly interstratified chlorite-vermiculite as a weathering product of chlorite in a soil. American Mineralogist, 49, 556-572.
23. Lee, J.H. and Peacor, D.R. (1985) Ordered interstratifications of illite and chlorite. A TEM and AEM study. Clays and Clay Minerals, 33, 463-467.
24. Meunier, A. and Velde, B. (1979) Weathering mineral facies in altered granites: the importance of local small scale equilibria. Mineralogical Magazine. 43, 261-268.
25. Moore, D.M. and Reynolds, R.C., Jr. (1989) X-ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals. Oxford University Press, New York, 332 pp.
26. Nahon, D. (1991) Introduction to the Petrology of Soils and Chemical Weathering., Wiley, New York, 313 pp.
27. Norrish, K. (1972) Factors in the weathering of mica to vermiculite. Proceedings of 1972 International Clay Conference, pp. 417-432.
28. Proust, D. and Meunier, A. (1989) Phase equilibria in weathering processes. Pp. 121-146 in: Weathering; its Products and Deposits, Vol I: Processes. Theophrastus Publications, Athens, Greece.
29. Proust, D., Eymer, J.P. and Beaufort, D. (1986) Supergene vermiculization of magnesian chlorite: Iron and magnesium removal processes. Clays and Clay Minerals. 34, 572-580.
30. Putnis, A., Prieto, M. and Fernandez-Diaz, L. (1995) Fluid supersaturation and crystallization in porous media. Geological Magazine, 132, 1-13.
31. Ross, G.J. and Kodama, H. (1976) Experimental alteration of chlorite into a regularly interstratified chlorite-vermiculite by chemical oxidation. Clays and Clay Minerals, 24, 183-190.
32. Senkayi, A.L., Dixon, J.B. and Hossner, L.R. (1981) Transformation of chlorite to smectite through regularly interstratified intermediates. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 45, 650-656.
33. Shau, Y.H., Peacor, D. and Essene, E.J. (1990) Corrensite and mixed layer chlorite/corrensite in metabasalt from northern Taiwan: TEM/AEM, EPMA, XRD and Optical studies. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 105, 123-142.
34. Singh, B. and Gilkes, R.J. (1991) Weathering of chromian muscovite to kaolinite. Clays and Clay Minerals 39, 571-579.
35. Veblen, D.R. (1991) Polysomatism and polysomatic series: A review and applications. American Mineralogist, 76, 801-826.
36. Velbel, M.A. (1993) Constancy of silicate-mineral weathering-rate atios between natural and experimental weathering: Implications of hydrologic control on the differences in absolute rates. Chemical Geology, 105, 89-99.
37. Velde, B. (1985) Clay Minerals: A Physicochemical Explanation of their Occurence. Developments in Sedimentology, 40, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 427 pp.
38. Wada, K. and Kakuto, Y. (1983) Intergradient vermiculite-kaolinite mineral in a Korean Ultisol. Clays and Clay Minerals, 31, 183-190.
39. Wall, V.J. and Kesson, S. (1969) Pyrophyllite bearing rocks in regionally altered volcanic sequence. Geological Society of America (Abstracts with Program), p. 232.
40. Ware, N. (1981) Computer programs and calibration with the PIBS technique for quantitative electron probe analysis using lithium-drifted silicon detector. Computers and Geology, 7, 167-184.