Vacuum arc cathode spot grouping and motion in magnetic fields

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science

Volumn 30, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 2124-2132

  Beilis, I I ^a  

^a TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

Cathode spot; Current per spot; Group spot; Magnetic pressure; Plasma kinetic pressure; Retrograde spot motion; Reversal motion; Vacuum arc

Indexed keywords

CATHODES; ENERGY GAP; MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECTS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PLASMA FLOW; PRESSURE; SURFACE ROUGHNESS; TEMPERATURE; VACUUM APPLICATIONS;

CATHODE THERMAL REGIME; ELECTRODE GAPS; MAGNETIC PRESSURE; PLASMA KINETIC PRESSURE; VACUUM ARCH CATHODE;

PLASMA THEORY;

EID: 0036909710     PISSN: 00933813     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2002.807330     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Handbook of Vacuum Arc Science and Technology, R. L. Boxman, P. J. Martin, and D. M. Sanders, Eds., Noyes, Park Ridge, NJ, 1995, pp. 208-256.
2. V. I. Rakhovsky, "Experimental study of the dynamics of cathode spots development," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. PS-4, pp. 81-102, 1976.
3. B. Juttner, "The dynamics of arc cathode spots in vacuum: New measurements," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 30, pp. 221-229, 1997.
4. I. G. Kesaev, Cathode Processes in Electric Arcs. Moscow, U.S.S.R.: Nauka, 1968.
5. L. P. Harris, "Transverse forces and motions at cathode spots in vacuum arcs," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., PS-11, pp. 94-102, Sept. 1983.
6. B. Jütter and I. Kleberg, "The retrograde motion of arc cathode spots in vacuum," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 33, pp. 2025-2036, 2000.
7. B. E. Djakov and R. Holmes, "Cathode spot structure and dynamics in low current vacuum arcs," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 7, pp. 569-580, 1974.
8. J. C. Sherman, R. Webster, J. E. Jenkins, and R. Holmes, "Cathode spot motion in high-current vacuum arcs on copper electrodes," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 8, pp. 696-702, 1975.
9. N. E. Perskii, V. I. Sysun, and Y. D. Khromoy, "Dynamics of vacuum-discharge cathode spots," High Temp., vol. 27, no. N6, pp. 832-839, 1989.
10. I. I. Beilis, B. E. Djakov, B. Juttner, and H. Pursch, "Structure and dynamics of high-current arc cathode spots in vacuum," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 30, 119-130, 1997.
11. M. G. Drouet, "The physics of the retrograde motion of the electric arc," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. PS-13, pp. 235-241, 1985.
12. D. Y. Fang, "Cathode spot velocity of vacuum arcs," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 15, no. N4, pp. 833-844, 1982.
13. B. E. Djakov and R. Holmes "Retrograde motion of a cathode spot and conduction of heat in the cathode," in 2nd Int. Conf. Gas Discharges, 1972, London, U.K., 1972, pp. 183-185.
14. H. C. Gundlach, "Experimental study of retrograde motion of the arc cathode spot in high vacuum," in Proc. V Int. Symp. Disch. Electr. Insul. Vacuum, Poznam, Poland, 1972, pp. 249-252.
15. C. G. Smith, "Arc motion reversal in transverse magnetic field by heating cathode," Phys. Rev., vol. 73, p. 543, 1948.
16. D. Y. Fang, "Temperature dependence of retrograde velocity of vacuum arcs in magnetic fields," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. PS-11, pp. 110-114, Sept. 1983.
17. A. E. Robson and A. Engel, "Motion of a short arc in a magnetic field," Phys. Rev., vol. 104, no. 1, pp. 15-16, 1956.
18. A. E. Robson, "The motion of low-pressure arc in a strong magnetic field," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 11, pp. 1917-1923, 1978.
19. A. I. Bushik, V. A. Shilov, B. Juttner, and H. Pursh, "Spot behavior and cathode surface local heating," High Temp., vol. 24, no. N3, pp. 445-452, 1986.
20. I. I. Beilis, "Theoretical modeling of cathode spot phenomena," in Handbook of Vacuum Arc Science and Technology, R. L. Boxman, P. J. Martin, and D. M. Sanders, Eds. Park Ridge, N.J: Noyes, 1995, pp. 208-256.
21. ____, "State of the theory of vacuum arcs," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 29, pp. 657-670, 2001.
22. S. Anders and B. Juttner, "Influence of residual gases on cathode spot behavior," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 19, pp. 705-712, 1991.
23. M. G Drouet and J. L. Meunier, "Influence of the background gas pressure on the expansion of the arc plasma," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. PS-13, pp. 285-287, 1995.
24. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Electrodynamics of Continuous Media. Oxford, U.K.: Pergamon, 1984.
25. I. I. Beilis, M. Keidar, R. L. Boxman, and S. Goldsmith, "Theoretical study of plasma expansion in a magnetic field in a disk anode vacuum arc," J. Appl. Phys, vol. 83, no. 2, pp. 709-717, 1998.
26. I. I. Beilis and M. Keidar, "Theoretical study of plasma expansion and electrical characteristics in the high-current vacuum arc," in XIXth ISDEIV, Xi'an, China, Sept. 18-22, 2000, pp. 206-209.