Chlamydia infection and subfertility

Best Practice and Research: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Volumn 16, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 901-912

  Land, Jolande A ^a   Evers, Johannes L H ^a  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Chlamydia antibody testing; Chlamydia pneumoniae; Chlamydia trachomatis; Heat shock proteins; Infertility; Tubal pathology

Indexed keywords

HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODY; PROTEIN ANTIBODY; BACTERIUM ANTIBODY; CHAPERONIN;

CHLAMYDIASIS; CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE GENITAL TRACT INFECTION; FEMALE INFERTILITY; HUMAN; IMMUNOASSAY; MALE FERTILITY; NONHUMAN; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SCREENING; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SUBFERTILITY; BLOOD; CHLAMYDIA; CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS; FEMALE; IMMUNOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGY; UTERINE TUBE DISEASE;

ANTIBODIES, BACTERIAL; CHAPERONIN 60; CHLAMYDIA; CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS; CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS; FALLOPIAN TUBE DISEASES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFERTILITY, FEMALE; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE;

EID: 0036885048     PISSN: 15216934     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/beog.2002.0319     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Stergachis A, Scholes D, Heidrich FE et al. Selective screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a primary care population of women. American Journal of Epidemiology 1993; 138: 143-153.
2. Penney GC, Thomson M, Norman J et al. A randomised comparison of strategies for reducing infective complications of induced abortion. British Journal of Obstertics and Gynaecology 1998; 105: 599-604.
3. Østergaard L, Agner T, Krarup E et al. PCR for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical, urethral, rectal, and pharyngeal swab samples obtained from patients attending an STD clinic. Genitourinary Medicine 1997; 73: 493-497.
4. Egger M, Low N, Davey Smith G et al. Screening for chlamydial infections and the risk of ectopic pregnancy in a county in Sweden: ecological analysis. British Medical Journal 1998; 316: 1776-1780.
5. Thejls H, Gnarpe J, Lundkvist Ö et al. Diagnosis and prevalence of persistent Chlamydia infection in infertile women: tissue culture, direct antigen detection, and serology. Fertility and Sterility 1991; 55: 304-310.
6. Zelin JM, Robinson AJ, Ridgway GL et al. Chlamydial urethritis in heterosexual men attending a genitourinary medicine clinic: prevalence, symptoms, condom usage and partner change. International Journal of STD & AIDS 1995; 6: 27-30.
7. Morré SA, van den Brule AJC, Rozendaal L et al. A one year follow-up study of women with an asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis infection, detected by PCR in urine specimens. International Journal of STD & AIDS 2002 (in press).
8. Dean D, Suchland RJ & Stamm WE. Evidence for long-term cervical persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis by omp1 genotyping. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2000; 182: 909-916.
9. Paavonen J, Kiviat N, Brunham RC et al. Prevalence and manifestations of endometritis among women with cervicitis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1985; 152: 280-286.
10. Wasserheit JN, Bell TA, Kiviat NB et al. Microbial causes of proven pelvic inflammatory disease and efficacy of clindamycin and tobramycin. Annals of Internal Medicine 1986; 104: 187-193.
11. Paavonen J & Lehtinen M. Chlamydia pelvic inflammatory disease. Human Reproduction Update 1996; 6: 519-529.
12. Brunham RC & Peeling RW. Chlamydia trachomatis antigens: role in immunity and pathogenesis. Infectious Agents and Disease 1994; 3: 218-233.
13. Zhang YX, Stewart SJ & Caldwell HD. Protective monoclonal antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis serovar- and serogroup-specific major outer membrane protein determinants. Infection and Immunity 1989; 57: 636-638.
14. Villeneuve A, Brossay L, Paradis G & Hebert J. Characterization of the humoral response induced by a synthetic peptide of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar B. Infection and Immunity 1994; 62: 3547-3549.
15. Morré SA, Ossewaarde JM, Savelkoul PHM et al. Analysis of genetic heterogeneity in Chlamydia trachomatis biovars and clinical isolates of the serovars D, E and F by amplified fragment length polymorphism. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2000; 38: 3463-3466.
16. Hillis SD, Nakashima A, Marchbanks PA et al. Risk factors for recurrent C. trachomatis infections in women. American journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1994; 170: 801-806.
17. Patton DL, Sweeney YT & Kuo CC. Demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity in Chlamydia trachomatis salpingitis in monkeys: a pathogenic mechanism of tubal damage. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1994; 169: 680-683.
18. Grayston JT, Wang SP, Yeh LJ & Kuo CC. Importance of reinfection in the pathogenesis of trachoma. Reviews in Infectious Diseases 1985; 7: 717-725.
19. Hull MGR, Glazener CM, Kelly NJ et al. Population study of causes, treatment, and outcome of infertility. British Medical Journal 1985; 291: 1693-1697.
20. Snick HK, Snick TS, Evers JLH & Collins JA. The spontaneous pregnancy prognosis in untreated subfertile couples: the Walcheren primary care study. Human Reproduction 1997; 12: 1582-1588.
21. Collins JA, Wrixon W, Janes LB & Wilson EH. Treatment-independent pregnancy among infertile couples. New England Journal of Medicine 1983; 309: 1201-1206.
22. World Health Organization. Infections, pregnancies, and infertility: perspectives on prevention. Fertility and Sterility 1987; 47: 964-968.
23. Kohl PK. Epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases. What does it tell us? Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1994; 21: S81-S83.
24. Weström L. Incidence, prevalence, and trends of acute pelvic inflammatory disease and its consequences in industrialized countries. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1980; 138: 880-892.
25. Punnonen R, Terho P, Nikkanen V & Meurman O. Chlamydial serology in infertile women by immunofluorescence. Fertility and Sterility 1979; 31: 656-659.
26. Swart P, Mol BWJ, van der Veen F et al. The accuracy of hysterosalpingography in the diagnosis of tubal pathology: a meta-analysis. Fertility and Sterility 1995; 64: 486-491.
27. Forsey JP, Caul EO, Paul ID & Hull MGR. Chlamydia trachomatis, tubal disease and the incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infection following hysterosalpingography. Human Reproduction 1990; 5: 444-447.
28. Wang SP & Grayston JT. Immunologic relationship between genital TRIC, lymphogranuloma venereum, and related organisms in a new microtiter indirect immunofluorescence test. American Journal of Ophthalmology 1970; 70: 367-374.
29. Treharne JD, Darougar S & Jones BR. Modification of the microimmunofluorescence test to provide a routine serodiagnostic test for chlamydial infection. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1977; 30: 510-517.
30. Tuuminen T, Palomäki P & Paavonen J. The use of serologic tests for the diagnosis of chlamydial infections. Journal of Microbiological Methods 2000; 42: 265-279.
31. Ossewaarde JM, de Vries A, van den Hoek JAR & van Loon AM. Enzyme immunoassay with enhanced specificity for detection of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1994; 32: 1419-1426.
32. Närvänen A, Puolakkainen M, Hao W et al. Detection of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis with peptide-based species-specific enzyme immunoassay. Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 1997; 5: 349-354.
33. Morré SA, Munk C, Persson K et al. Comparison of three commercially available peptide-based immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA assays to microimmunofluorescence assay for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2002; 40: 584-587.
34. Mol BWJ, Dijkman B, Wertheim P et al. The accuracy of serum chlamydia antibodies in the diagnosis of tubal pathology: a meta-analysis. Fertility and Sterility 1997; 67: 1031-1037.
35. Land JA, Evers JLH & Goossens VJ. How to use Chlamydia antibody testing in subfertility patients. Human Reproduction 1998; 13: 1094-1098.
36. Puolakkainen M, Vesterinen E, Purola E et al. Persistence of chlamydial antibodies after pelvic inflammatory disease. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 1986; 23: 924-928.
37. Chaim W, Edelstein Z, Sarov B & Sarov I. The long term follow-up of asymptomatic women with Chlamydia trachomatis. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1992; 251: 159-164.
38. Piura B, Sarov B & Sarov I. Persistence of antichlamydial antibodies after treatment of acute salpingitis with doxycycline. European Journal of Obsterics and Gynaecology & Reproductive Biology 1993; 48: 117-121.
39. Henry-Suchet J, Askienazy-Elbhar M, Thibon M et al. Post-therapeutic evolution of serum chlamydial antibody titers in women with acute salpingitis and tubal infertility. Fertility and Sterility 1994; 62: 296-304.
40. Gijsen AP, Land JA, Goossens VJ et al. Chlamydia antibody testing in screening for tubal factor subfertility: the significance of IgG antibody decline over time. Human Reproduction 2002; 17: 699-703.
41. Karvonen M, Tuomilehto J, Pitkäniemi J et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG antibody prevalence in southwestern and eastern Finland in 1982 and 1987. International Journal of Epidemiology 1994; 23: 176-184.
42. Freidank HM, Clad A, Herr AS et al. Immune response to Chlamydia trachomatis heat-shock protein in infertile female patients and the influence of Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 1995; 14: 1063-1069.
43. Persson K, Osser S, Birkelund S et al. Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis heat shock proteins in women with tubal factor infertility are associated with prior infection by C. trachomatis but not by C. pneumoniae. Human Reproduction 1999; 14: 1969-1973.
44. Moss TR, Darougar S, Woodland RM et al. Antibodies to Chlamydia species in patients attending a genitourinary clinic and the impact of antibodies to C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci on the sensitivity and the specificity of C. trachomatis serology tests. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1993; 20: 61-65.
45. Gijsen AP, Land JA, Goossens VJ et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae and screening for tubal factor subfertility. Human Reproduction 2001; 16: 487-491.
46. Neuer A, Spandorfer SD, Giraldo P et al. The role of heat shock proteins in reproduction. Human Reproduction Update 2000; 6: 149-159.
47. Jones DB, Coulson AF & Duff GW. Sequence homologies between hsp60 and autoantigens. Immunology Today 1993; 14: 115-118.
48. Beatty WL, Byrne GI & Morrison RP. Morphologic and antigenic characterization of Interferon gamma-mediated persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 1993; 90: 3998-4002.
49. Claman P, Honey L, Peeling RW et al. The presence of serum antibody to the chlamydial heat shock protein (CHSP60) as a diagnostic test for tubal factor infertility. Fertility and Sterility 1997; 67: 501-504.
50. Arno JN, Yuan Y, Cleary RE & Morrison RP. Serologic responses of infertile women to the 60-kd chlamydial heat shock protein (hsp60). Fertility and Sterility 1995; 64: 730-735.
51. Eggert-Kruse W, Rohr G, Demirakca T et al. Chlamydia serology in 1303 asymptomatic subfertile couples. Human Reproduction 1997; 12: 1464-1475.
52. Macmillan S & Templeton A. Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in subfertile women. Human Reproduction 1999; 14: 3009-3012.
53. Paavonen J, Puolakkainen M, Paukku M & Sintonen H. Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis would be cost-effective, even in low-prevalence situations. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1998; 92: 292-298.
54. Dieterle S, Rummel C, Bader LW et al. Presence of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with chronic salpingitis and salpingitis isthmica nodosa with tubal occlusion. Fertility and Sterility 1998; 70: 774-776.
55. Gérard HC, Branigan PJ, Balsara GR et al. Viability of Chlamydia trachomatis in fallopian tubes of patients with ectopic pregnancy. Fertility and Sterility 1998; 70: 945-948.
56. Land JA, Gijsen AP, Evers JLH & Bruggeman CA. Chlamydia trachomatis in subfertile women undergoing uterine instrumentation: screen or treat? Human Reproduction 2002; 17: 525-527.
57. Thomas BJ, Osborn MF, Munday PI et al. A 2-year quantitative assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis in a sexually transmitted disease clinic population by the Micro Trak direct smear immunofluorescent test. International Journal of STD & AIDS 1990; 1: 264-270.
58. Paavonen J & Eggert-Kruse W. Chlamydia trachomatis: impact on human reproduction. Human Reproduction Update 1999; 5: 433-447.
59. Wolner-Hanssen P & Mårdh PA. In vitro tests of the adherence of Chlamydia trachomatis to human spermatozoa. Fertility and Sterility 1984; 42: 102-107.