The Laboratory of Neuro Imaging: What it is, why it is, and how it came to be

IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

Volumn 21, Issue 11, 2002, Pages 1333-1343

  Toga, Arthur W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; AUDIOVISUAL EQUIPMENT; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; EDITORIAL; HISTORY; HUMAN; INSTRUMENTATION; LABORATORY; METHODOLOGY; NEUROANATOMY; ORGANIZATION; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; UNITED STATES;

ANIMALS; CALIFORNIA; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; HUMANS; LABORATORIES; MODELS, ANATOMIC; NEUROANATOMY; ORGANIZATIONAL OBJECTIVES;

EID: 0036879754     PISSN: 02780062     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2002.806432     Document Type: Editorial

References (95)

1. A.W. Toga and R. C. Collins, "Metabolic response of optic centers to visual stimuli in the albino rat: Anatomical and physiological considerations," J. Comput. Neurol., vol. 199, pp. 443-464, 1981.
2. L. Sokoloff, M. Reivich, C. Kennedy, M. H. Des Rosiers, C. S. Patlak, K. D. Pettigrew, O. Sakurada, and M. Shinohara, "The [14C] deoxyglucose method for the measurement of local cerebral glucose utilization: Theory, procedure, and normal values in the conscious and anesthetized albino rat," J. Neurochem., vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 897-916, May 1977.
3. C. F. Goochee, W. S. Rasband, and L. Sokoloff, "A computer-assisted image-processing system for the analysis of autoradiographs of cerebral metabolic activity," J. Med. Syst., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 121-135, 1980.
4. A. W. Toga, R. L. Goo, R. Murphy, and R. C. Collins, "Neuroscience application of interactive image analysis," Opt. Eng., vol. 23, pp. 279-282, 1984.
5. A. W. Toga and T. L. Arnicar-Sulze, "Three-dimensional reconstruction of brain physiology," Innovation et Technologie en Biologie et Medecine, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 92-103, 1986.
6. W. A. Geary, A. W. Toga, and G. F. Wooten, "Quantitative film autoradiography for Tritium: Methodological considerations," Brain Res., vol. 337, pp. 99-108, 1985.
7. A. W. Toga, M. S. Santori, and M. Samaie, "Regional distribution of flunitrazepam binding constants: Visualizing Kd and Bmax by digital image analysis," J. Neurosci., vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 2747-2756, 1986.
8. A. W. Toga, T. L. Arnicar, M. Samaie, E. W. Lothman, and R. C. Collins, "Three dimensional study of functional anatomy of experimental seizures," Amer. Acad. Neurol., vol. 36, p. 337, 1986.
9. B. A. Payne, M. Samaie, and A. W. Toga, "Structure and function of the whole brain," Comput. Graph., vol. 22, no. 5, p. 249, 1988.
10. D. R. Gitelman and A. W. Toga, "A mathematical model and image analysis technique for calculating and assessing regional cerebral blood flow," Comput. Methods Prog. Biomed., vol. 29, pp. 56-59, 1989.
11. B. A. Payne and A. W. Toga, "Surface mapping brain function on 3-D models," Comput. Graph. Applicat., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 33-41, 1990.
12. A. W. Toga and P. K. Banerjee, "Registration revisited," J. Neurosci. Methods, vol. 48, pp. 1-13, 1993.
13. P. K. Banerjee and A. W. Toga, "Image alignment by integrated rotational and translational transformation matrix," Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 39, pp. 1969-1988, 1994.
14. A. W. Toga and P. M. Thompson, "The role of image registration in brain mapping," Image Vis. Comput., vol. 19, pp. 3-24, 2001.
15. P. M. Thompson and A. W. Toga, "A surface-based technique for warping three-dimensional images of the brain," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol. 15, pp. 402-417, Apr. 1996.
16. P. M. Thompson, C. Schwartz, R. T. Lin, A. A. Khan, and A. W. Toga, "3-D statistical analysis of sulcal variability in the human brain," J. Neurosci., vol. 16, no. 13, pp. 4261-4274, 1996.
17. A. W. Toga, P. M. Thompson, C. J. Holmes, and B. A. Payne, "Informatics and computational neuroanatomy," J. Amer. Med. Inform. Assn., vol. 1996(S), pp. 299-303, 1996.
18. A. W. Toga and P. M. Thompson, "Measuring, mapping and modeling brain structure and function," Med. Imag., vol. 3033, pp. 104-115, 1997.
19. A. W. Toga, M. Samaie, and B. A. Payne, "Digital rat brain: A computerized atlas," Br. Res. Bull., vol. 22, pp. 323-333, 1989.
20. R. A. Goldberg, K. Hannani, and A. W. Toga, "Microanatomy of the orbital apex: Computed tomography and microplaning," Opthalmol., vol. 99, no. 9, pp. 1447-1452, 1992.
21. A. W. Toga, K. L. Ambach, and S. Schluender, "High-resolution anatomy from in situ human brain," NeuroImage, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 334-344, 1994.
22. A. W. Toga, K. L. Ambach, B. C. Quinn, M. Hutchin, and J. S. Burton, "Post mortem anatomy from cryosectioned whole human brain," J. Neurosci. Methods, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 239-252, 1994.
23. A. W. Toga, A. Goldkorn, K. Ambach, K. Chao, B. C. Quinn, and P. Yao, "Postmortem cryosectioning as an anatomic reference for human brain mapping," Comput. Med. Image Graph., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 131-141, 1997.
24. G. Paxinos and C. Watson, The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. New York: Academic, 1982.
25. A. F. Cannestra, E. M. Santori, C. J. Holmes, and A. W. Toga, "A three-dimensional multimodality map of the nemistrina monkey," Brain Res. Bull., vol. 5, pp. 147-153, 1997.
26. V. Hartenstein, A. Lee, and A. W. Toga, "A graphical digital database of drosophila embryogenesis," Trends Genetics, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 51-57, 1995.
27. J. C. Mazziotta, A. W. Toga, A. Evans, P. Fox, and J. Lancaster, "A probabilistic atlas of the human brain: Theory and rationale for its development," NeuroImage, vol. 2, pp. 89-101, 1995.
28. _, "Maps of the human brain: The evolution from classic to modern," in Functional Mapping of the Human Brain, R. S. J. Frackowiak, K. J. Friston, C. D. Frith, and J. C. Mazziotta, Eds. San Diego, CA: Academic, 1995.
29. A. W. Toga and P. M. Thompson, "Visualization and mapping of anatomic abnormalities using a probabilistic brain atlas based on random fluid transformations," in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1996, vol. 1131, pp. 383-392.
30. P. M. Thompson, C. Schwartz, and A. W. Toga, "High-resolution random mesh algorithms for creating a probabilistic 3-D surface atlas of the human brain," NeuroImage, vol. 3, pp. 19-34, 1996.
31. M. S. Mega, S. S. Chen, P. M. Thompson, R. P. Woods, T. J. Karaca, A. Tiwari, H. V. Vinters, G. W. Small, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping histology to metabolism: Coregistration of stained whole brain sections to premortem PET in Alzheimer's disease," NeuroImage, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 147-153, 1997.
32. P. M. Thompson, M. S. Mega, and A. W. Toga, "Disease-specific probabilistic brain atlases," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2000, pp. 227-234.
33. K. L. Narr, P. M. Thompson, T. Sharma, J. Moussai, A. F. Cannestra, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping morphology of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia," Cereb. Cortex, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 40-49, 2000.
34. K. L. Narr, P. M. Thompson, T. Sharma, J. Moussai, C. Zoumalon, J. Rayman, and A. W. Toga, "3-D mapping of gyral shape and cortical surface asymmetries in schizophrenia: Gender effects," Amer. J. Psych., vol. 158, no. 2, pp. 244-255, 2001a.
35. K. L. Narr, P. M. Thompson, T. Sharma, J. Moussai, R. Blanton, B. Anvar, A. Edris, R. Krupp, J. Rayman, M. Khaledy, and A. W. Toga, "3-D mapping of temporo-limbic regions and the lateral ventricles in schizophrenia: Sex effects," Biol. Psych., vol. 50, pp. 84-97, 2001b.
36. T.D. Cannon, P. M. Thompson, T. van Erp, A. W. Toga, V. P. Poutanen, M. Hutteunen, J. Lonnqvist, C. G. Standertskjold-Nordenstam, K. L. Narr, M. Khaledy, C. I. Zoumalen, R. Dail, and J. Kaprio, "Cortex mapping reveals heteromodal gray matter deficits in twins discordant for schizophrenia," Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., vol. 99, no. 5, pp. 3228-3233, 2002.
37. E. R. Sowell, J. G. Levitt, P. M. Thompson, C. J. Holmes, R. E. Blanton, D. S. Kornsand, R. Caplan, J. McCracken, R. Asarnow, and A. W. Toga, "Brain abnormalities in early onset schizophrenia spectrum disorder observed with statistical parametric mapping of structural magnetic resonance images," Amer. J. Psych., vol. 157, no. 9, pp. 1475-1484, 2000a.
38. E. R. Sowell, A. W. Toga, and R. Asarnow, "Brain abnormalities observed in childhood-onset schizophrenia: A review of the structural magnetic resonance imaging literature," Mental Retardation Develop. Disabilities Res. Rev., vol. 6, pp. 180-185, 2000b.
39. P. M. Thompson, C. Vidal, J. N. Giedd, P. Gochman, J. Blumenthal, R. Nicolson, A. W. Toga, and J. L. Rapoport, "Mapping adolescent brain change reveals dynamic wave of accelerated gray matter loss in very early-onset schizophrenia," Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., vol. 98, no. 20, pp. 11 650-11 655, 2001.
40. J. G. Levitt, R. E. Blanton, R. Caplan, R. Asarnow, D. Guthrie, A. W. Toga, L. Capetillo-Cunliffe, and J. T. McCracken, "Medial temporal lobe in childhood-onset schizophrenia," Psych. Res.: Neuroimag., vol. 108, no. 1, pp. 17-27, 2001.
41. E. R. Sowell, P. M. Thompson, S. N. Mattson, K. D. Tessner, T. L. Jernigan, E. P. Riley, and A. W. Toga, "Voxel-based morphometric analyzes of the brain in children and adolescents prenatally exposed to alcohol: Abnormalities in posterior temporo-parietal cortex," NeuroRep., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 515-523, 2000c.
42. E. R. Sowell, S. N. Mattson, P. M. Thompson, T. L. Jernigan, E. P. Riley, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping callosal morphology and cognitive correlates: Effects of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure," Neurology, vol. 57, pp. 235-244, 2001a.
43. E. R. Sowell, P. M. Thompson, S. N. Mattson, K. D. Tessner, T. L. Jernigan, E. P. Riley, and A. W. Toga, "Regional brain shape abnormalities persist into adolescence after heavy prenatal alcohol exposure," Cereb. Cortex, vol. 12, pp. 856-865, 2002.
44. J. G. Levitt, R. Caplan, R. Blanton, W. Magharious, D. Shields, A. W. Toga, J. Curran, D. Guthrie, and S. Kono, "Mesial temporal lobe volume changes in pediatric complex partial seizure disorder," Psych. Res., to be published.
45. J. G. Levitt, R. Blanton, L. Capetillo-Cunliffe, D. Guthrie, A. W. Toga, and J. T. McCracken, "Cerebellar vermis lobules VIII-X in autism," Progr. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psych., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 625-633, 1999.
46. A. Kumar, A. Thomas, H. Lavretsky, K. Yue, A. Huda, J. Curran, T. Venkatraman, L. Estanol, J. Mintz, M. Mega, and A. Toga, "Frontal white matter biochemical abnormalities in late-life major depression detected with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy," Amer. J. Psychiatry, vol. 159, pp. 630-636, 2002.
47. P. M. Thompson, M. S. Mega, C. Vidal, J. Rapoport, and A. W. Toga, "Detecting disease-specific patterns of brain structure using cortical pattern matching and a population-based probabilistic brain atlas," in Proc. 17th Int. Conf. Information Processing in Medical Imaging, Davis, CA, June 2001, pp. 488-501.
48. P.M. Thompson, D. MacDonald, M. S. Mega, C. J. Holmes, A. C. Evans, and A. W. Toga, "Detection and mapping of abnormal brain structure with a probabilistic atlas of cortical surfaces," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 567-581, 1997.
49. P. M. Thompson and A. W. Toga, "Detection, visualization and animation of abnormal anatomic structure with a probabilistic brain arias based on random vector field transformations," Med. Image Anal., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 271-294, 1997.
50. P. M. Thompson, J. N. Giedd, R. P. Woods, D. MacDonald, A. C. Evans, and A. W. Toga, "Growth patterns in the developing human brain detected using continuum-mechanical tensor mapping," Nature, vol. 404, pp. 190-193, 2000.
51. P. M. Thompson, J. Moussai, S. Zohoori, A. Goldkorn, A. A. Khan, M. S. Mega, G. W. Small, J. L. Cummings, and A. W. Toga, "Cortical variability and asymmetry in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease," Cereb. Cortex, vol. 8, pp. 492-509, 1998.
52. R. E. Blanton, J. G. Levitt, P. M. Thompson, K. L. Narr, L. Capetillo-Cunliffe, A. Nobel, J. D. Singerman, J. T. McCracken, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping cortical asymmetry and complexity patterns in normal children," Psych. Res.: Neuroimag., vol. 107, pp. 29-43, 2001.
53. E. R. Sowell, P. M. Thompson, D. Rex, D. Kornsand, K. D. Tessner, T. L. Jernigan, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping sulcal pattern asymmetry and local cortical surface gray matter distribution in vivo: Maturation in perisylvian cortices," Cereb. Cortex, vol. 12, pp. 17-26, 2002.
54. Y. Zhou, P. M. Thompson, and A. W. Toga, "Extracting and representing the cortical sulci," Comput. Graph. Applicat., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 49-55, 1999.
55. E. R. Sowell, P. M. Thompson, K. D. Tessner, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping continued brain growth and gray matter density reduction in dorsal frontal cortex: Inverse relationships during post adolescent brain maturation," J. Neurosci., vol. 21, no. 22, pp. 8819-8829, 2001b.
56. A. Grinvald, E. Lieke, R. D. Frostig, C. D. Gilbert, and T. N. Wiesel, "Functional architecture of cortex revealed by optical imaging of intrinsic signals," Nature, vol. 324, no. 6095, pp. 361-364, 1986.
57. D. M. Rector, G. R. Poe, and R. M. Harper, "Fiber optic imaging of subcortical neural tissue in freely behaving animals," Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., vol. 333, pp. 81-86, 1993.
58. S. M. Narayan, E. M. Santori, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping functional activity in rodent cortex using optical intrinsic signals," Cereb. Cortex, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 195-204, Mar./Apr. 1994a.
59. S. M. Narayan, E. M. Santori, A. J. Blood, J. S. Burton, and A. W. Toga, "Imaging optical reflectance in rodent barrel and forelimb sensory cortex," NeuroImage, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 181-190, 1994b.
60. S. M. Narayan, P. Esfahani, A. J. Blood, L. Sikkens, and A. W. Toga, "Functional increases in cerebral blood volume over somatosensory cortex," J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metabol., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 754-765, 1995.
61. A. J. Blood, S. M. Narayan, and A. W. Toga, "Stimulus parameters influence characteristics of optical intrinsic signal responses in somatosensory cortex," J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metabol., vol. 15, pp. 1109-1121, 1995.
62. A. F. Cannestra, N. Pouratian, M. H. Shomer, and A. W. Toga, "Refractory periods observed by intrinsic signal and fluorescent dye imaging," J. Neurophysiol., vol. 80, pp. 1522-1532, 1998a.
63. A. J. Blood, N. Pouratian, and A. W. Toga, "Temporally staggered forelimb stimulation modulates barrel cortex optical intrinsic signal responses to whisker stimulation," J. Neurophys., vol. 88, pp. 422-437, 2002.
64. A. J. Blood and A. W. Toga, "Optical intrinsic signal imaging responses are modulated in rodent somatosensory cortex during simultaneous whisker and forelimb stimulation," J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metabol., vol. 18, pp. 968-977, 1998.
65. N. Pouratian, S. Y. Bookheimer, A. M. O'Farrell, N. L. Sicotte, A. F. Cannestra, D. Becker, and A. W. Toga, "Optical imaging of bilingual cortical representations: A case report," J. Neurosurg., vol. 93, pp. 676-681, 2000.
66. A. M. O'Farrell, D. E. Rex, A. Muthialu, N. Pouratian, G. K. Wong, A. F. Cannestra, J. W. Y. Chen, and A. W. Toga, "Characterization of optical intrinsic signals and blood volume during cortical spreading depression," NeuroRep., vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 2121-2125, 2000.
67. J. W. Y. Chen, A. M. O'Farrell, and A. W. Toga, "Optical intrinsic signal imaging in a rodent seizure model," Neurology, vol. 55, pp. 312-315, 2000.
68. A. W. Toga, A. F. Cannestra, and K. L. Black, "The temporal/spatial evolution of optical signals in human cortex," Cereb. Cortex, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 561-565, 1995.
69. A. F. Cannestra, A. J. Blood, K. L. Black, and A. W. Toga, "The evolution of optical signals in human and rodent cortex," NeuroImage, vol. 3, pp. 202-208, 1996.
70. A. F. Cannestra, K. L. Black, N. A. Martin, T. Cloughesy, J. S. Burton, E. Rubinstein, R. P. Woods, and A. W. Toga, "Topographical & temporal specificity of human intraoperative optical intrinsic signals," NeuroRep., vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 2557-2563, 1998b.
71. A. F. Cannestra, N. Pouratian, S. Y. Bookheimer, N. A. Martin, D. P. Becker, and A. W. Toga, "Temporal spatial differences observed by functional MRI and human intraoperative optical imaging," Cereb. Cortex, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 773-782, 2001.
72. N. Pouratian, D. Rex, S. Sicotte, N. A. Martin, D. Becker, A. D. Cannestra, and A. W. Toga, "Spatial/temporal correlation of BOLD and optical intrinsic signals in humans," Magn. Resonance Med., vol. 47, pp. 766-776, 2002.
73. M. Ono, S. Kubik, and C. D. Abernathey, Atlas of the Cerebral Sulci. Stuttgart, Germany: Thieme, 1990.
74. H. M. Duvernoy, The Human Brain. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991.
75. J. Mai, J. Assheuer, and G. Paxinos, Atlas of the Human Brain. San Diego, CA: Academic, 1997.
76. S. Minoshima, R. A. Koeppe, K. A. Frey, M. Ishihara, and D. E. Kuhl, "Stereotactic PET atlas of the human brain: Aid for visual interpretation of functional brain images," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 35, pp. 949-954, 1994.
77. D. Le Bihan, "Functional MRI of the brain principles, applications and limitations," J. Neuroradiol., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 1-5, June 1996.
78. M. Avoli, G. G. Hwa, G. Kostopoulos, A. Olivier, and J. G. Villemure, "Electrophysiological analysis of human neocortex in vitro: Experimental techniques and methodological approaches," Can. J. Neurol. Sci., vol. 18 (4 Suppl.), pp. 636-639, Nov. 1991.
79. R. A. Palovcik, S. A. Reid, J. C. Principe, and A. Albuquerque, Jr., "3-D computer animation of electrophysiological responses," J. Neurosci. Methods, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 1-9, Jan. 1992.
80. P. M. Thompson, C. Schwartz, R. T. Lin, A. A. Khan, and A. W. Toga, "3-D statistical analysis of sulcal variability in the human brain," J. Neurosci., vol. 16, no. 13, pp. 4261-4274, 1996.
81. C. J. Holmes, D. MacDonald, J. G. Sled, A. W. Toga, and A. C. Evans, "Cortical peeling: CSF/grey/white matter boundaries visualized by nesting isosurfaces," in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1996, vol. 1131, pp. 99-104.
82. I. D. Dinov, M. S. Mega, P. M. Thompson, R. P. Woods, D.3 W. Sumners, E. R. Sowell, and A. W. Toga, "Quantitative comparison and analysis of brain image registration using frequency-adaptive wavelet shrinkage," IEEE Trans. Inform. Technol. Biomed., vol. 6, pp. 73-85, Mar. 2002.
83. P.M. Thompson, R. P. Woods, M. S. Mega, and A. W. Toga, "Mathematical/computational challenges in creating deformable and probabilistic atlases of the human brain," Human Brain Mapping, vol. 9, pp. 81-92, 2000.
84. S. Haney, P. M. Thompson, T. F. Cloughesy, J. R. Alger, and A. W. Toga, "Tracking tumor growth rates in patients with malignant gliomas: A test of two algorithms," Amer. J. Neuroradiol., vol. 22, pp. 73-82, 2001a.
85. S. Haney, P. M. Thompson, T. F. Cloughesy, J. R. Alger, A. J. Frew, A. Torres-Trejo, J. C. Mazziotta, and A. W. Toga, "Mapping therapeutic response in a patient with malignant glioma," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 529-536, 2001b.
86. I. D. Dinov, M. S. Mega, P. M. Thompson, L. Lee, R. P. Woods, C. J. Holmes, D. L. Sumners, and A. W. Toga, "Analyzing functional brain images in a probabilistic atlas: A validation of sub-volume thresholding," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 128-138, 2000.
87. A. W. Toga, P. M. Thompson, M. S. Mega, K. L. Narr, and R. E. Blanton, "Probabilistic approaches for atlasing normal and disease-specific brain variability," Anat. Embryol., vol. 204, pp. 267-282, 2001.
88. J. C. Mazziotta, A. W. Toga, A. Evans, P. Fox, J. Lancaster, K. Zilles, R. P. Woods, T. Paus, G. Simpson, B. Pike, C. Holmes, L. Collins, P. M. Thompson, D. MacDonald, M. Iacoboni, T. Schormann, K. Amunts, N. Palomero-Gallagher, S. Geyer, L. Parsons, K. L. Narr, N. Kabani, G. Le Goualher, D. Boomsma, T. Cannon, R. Kawashima, and B. Mazoyer, "A probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain: International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM)," Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B, vol. 356, pp. 1293-1322, 2001.
89. R. P. Woods, S. T. Grafton, C. J. Holmes, S. R. Cherry, and J. C. Mazziotta, "Automated image registration: I. General methods and intrasubject, intramodality validation," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 22, pp. 141-154, 1998.
90. R. P. Woods, S. T. Grafton, J. D. G. Watson, N. L. Sicotte, and J. C. Mazziotta, "Automated image registration: II. Intersubject validation of linear and nonlinear models," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 153-165, 1998.
91. B. A. Payne and A. W. Toga, "Distance field manipulation of surface models," Comput. Graph. Applicat., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 65-71, 1992.
92. _, "Surface reconstruction by multiaxial triangulation," Comput. Graph. Applicat., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 28-35, 1994.
93. _, "Rendering the brain," Comput. Graph., vol. 24, no. 1, p. 6, 1989.
94. A. W. Toga, "The animation of 3-D structure-function relationships," Drug News Perspect., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 197-201, 1990.
95. A.W. Toga and B. A. Payne, "Animating the 3-D structure and function of the brain," Comput. Med. Image Graph., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 285-291, 1991.