The relation of body size of male humpback whales to their social roles on the Hawaiian winter grounds

Canadian Journal of Zoology

Volumn 80, Issue 11, 2002, Pages 1938-1947

  Spitz, Scott S ^a,b   Herman, Louis M ^a,b,c   Pack, Adam A ^a,b,c   Deakos, Mark H ^a,b,c  

^a Kewalo Basin Mar Mammal Laboratory   (United States)

^b Dolphin Institute   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROBABILITY; SOCIAL ASPECTS; UNDERWATER EQUIPMENT;

UNDERWATER VIDEOGRAMMETRY;

BIODIVERSITY;

BODY SIZE; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; WHALE;

UNITED STATES;

CETACEA; HAWAIIA; MAMMALIA; MEGAPTERA; MEGAPTERA NOVAEANGLIAE; ONCORHYNCHUS GORBUSCHA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0036874328     PISSN: 00084301     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/z02-177     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Baker, C.S., and Herman, L.M. 1984. Aggressive behavior between humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) wintering in Hawaiian waters. Can. J. Zool. 62: 1922-1937.
2. Baker, C.S., Perry, A., and Herman, L.M. 1987. Reproductive histories of female humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in the North Pacific. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 41: 103-114.
3. Barlow, J., and Clapham, P.J. 1997. A new birth-interval approach to estimating demographic parameters of humpback whales. Ecology, 78: 535-545.
4. Brown, M.R., and Corkeron, P.J. 1995. Pod characteristics of migrating humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) off the East Australian coast. Behaviour, 132: 163-179.
5. Chittleborough, R.G. 1954. Studies on the ovaries of the humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa (Bonnaterre) on the western Australian coast. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 5: 35-63.
6. Chittleborough, R.G. 1955a. Aspects of reproduction in the male humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa (Bonnaterre). Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 6: 1-29.
7. Chittleborough, R.G. 1955b. Puberty, physical maturity, and relative growth of the female humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa (Bonnaterre), on the Western Australian coast. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 6: 315-327.
8. Chittleborough, R.G. 1958. The breeding cycle of the female humpback whale, Megaptera nodosa (Bonnaterre). Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 9: 1-18.
9. Chittleborough, R.G. 1965. Dynamics of two populations of the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski). Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 14: 33-128.
10. Chu, K.C. 1988. Dive times and ventilation patterns of singing humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Can. J. Zool. 66: 1322-1327.
11. Chu, K.C., and Harcourt, P. 1986. Behavioral correlations with aberrant patterns in humpback whale songs. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 19: 309-312.
12. Clapham, P.J. 1996. The social and reproductive biology of humpback whales: an ecological perspective. Mammal Rev. 26: 27-49.
13. Clapham, P.J. 2000. The humpback whale: seasonal feeding and breeding in a baleen whale. In Cetacean societies: field studies of dolphins and whales. Edited by J. Mann, R.C. Connor, P.L. Tyack, and H. Whitehead. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. pp. 173-196.
14. Clapham, P.J., Palsboll, P.J., Mattila, D.K., and Vasquez, O. 1992. Composition and dynamics of humpback whale competitive groups in the West Indies. Behaviour, 122: 182-194.
15. Clapham, P.J., Wetmore, S.E., Smith, T.D., and Mead, J.G. 1999. Length at birth and at independence in humpback whales. J. Cetacean Res. Manag. 1: 141-146.
16. Clutton-Brock, T.H., Guinness, F.E., and Albon, S.D. 1982. Red deer: the behaviour and ecology of two sexes. Chicago University Press, Chicago.
17. Craig, A.S. 2001. Habitat utilization, migratory timing, and male escorting strategies of humpback whales in Hawaiian waters. Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu.
18. Craig, A.S., and Herman, L.M. 1997. Sex differences in site fidelity and migration of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to the Hawaiian Islands. Can. J. Zool. 75: 1923-1933.
19. Craig, A.S., Herman, L.M., and Pack, A.A. 2002. Male mate choice and male-male competition coexist in the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Can. J. Zool. 80: 745-755.
20. Darling, J.D., and Bérubé, M. 2001. Interactions of singing humpback whales with other males. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 17: 570-584.
21. Darling, J.D., Gibson, K.M., and Silber, G.K. 1983. Observations on the abundance and behavior of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) off West Maui, Hawaii, 1977-79. In Communication and behavior of whales. Edited by R. Payne. Westview Press, Boulder, Colo. pp. 201-222.
22. Davies, N.B., and Halliday, T.R. 1978. Deep croaks and fighting assessment in toads, Bufo bufo. Nature (Lond.), 274: 683-685.
23. Dawbin, W.H. 1966. The seasonal migratory cycle of humpback whales. In Whales, dolphins and porpoises. Edited by K.S. Norris. University of California Press, Berkeley. pp. 145-170.
24. Frankel, A.S., Clark, C.W., Herman, L.M., and Gabriele, C.M. 1995. Spatial distribution, habitat utilization, and social interactions of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, off Hawai'i, determined using acoustic and visual techniques. Can. J. Zool. 73: 1134-1146.
25. Frazier, L.M., and Mercado, E., III. 2000. A sonar model for humpback whale song. IEEE J. Ocean Eng. 25: 160-182.
26. Glockner, D.A. 1983. Determining the sex of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in their natural environment. In Communication and behavior of whales. Edited by R. Payne. Westview Press, Boulder, Colo. pp. 447-464.
27. Glockner-Ferrari, D.A., and Ferrari, M.J. 1984. Reproduction in humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, in Hawaiian waters. Rep. Int. Whaling Comm. Spec. Issue No. 6. pp. 237-242.
28. Helweg, D.A., Frankel, A.S., Mobley, J.R., Jr., and Herman, L.M. 1992. Humpback whale song: our current understanding. In Marine mammal sensory systems. Edited by J. Thomas. Plenum Press, New York. pp. 459-483.
29. Herman, L.M., and Antinoja, R.C. 1977. Humpback whales in the Hawaiian breeding waters: population and pod characteristics. Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst. Tokyo, 29: 59-85.
30. Herman, L.M., and Tavolga, W.N. 1980. The communication systems of cetaceans. In Cetacean behavior: mechanisms and functions. Edited by L.M. Herman. Wiley Interscience, New York. pp. 149-210.
31. Herman, L.M., Forestell, P.H., and Antinoja, R.C. 1980. The 1976/77 migration of humpback whales in Hawaiian waters: composite description. Marine Mammal Commission Rep. No. MMC-77/19, Washington, D.C.
32. Katona, S., Baxter, B., Brazier, O., Kraus, S., Perkins, J., and Whitehead, H. 1979. Identification of humpback whales by fluke photographs. In Behavior of marine animals - current perspectives in research. Vol. 3. Cetaceans. Edited by H.E. Winn and B.L. Olla. Plenum Press, New York. pp. 33-44.
33. Le Boeuf, B.J. 1974. Male-male competition and reproductive success in elephant seals. Am. Zool. 14: 163-176.
34. Mackintosh, N.A. 1942. The southern stocks of whalebone whales. Discovery Rep. 22: 197-300.
35. Mattila, D.K., Clapham, P.J., Katona, S.K., and Stone, G.S. 1989. Population composition of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, on Silver Bank (1984). Can. J. Zool. 67: 281-285.
36. Medrano, L., Salinas, I., Salas, P., Ladron de Guevara, P., Aguayo, A., Jacobsen, J., and Baker, C.S. 1994. Sex identification of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, on the wintering grounds of the Mexican Pacific Ocean. Can. J. Zool. 72: 1771-1774.
37. Mobley, J.R., Jr., and Herman, L.M. 1985. Transience of social affiliations among humpback whales (Megaptera noveangliae) on the Hawaiian wintering grounds. Can. J. Zool. 63: 762-772.
38. Mobley, J.R., Jr., Herman, L.M., and Frankel, A.S. 1988. Responses of wintering humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to playback of recordings of winter and summer vocalizations and of synthetic sound. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 23: 211-223.
39. Mobley, J.R., Jr., Bauer, G.B., and Herman, L.M. 1999. Changes over a ten-year interval in the distribution and relative abundance of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) wintering in Hawaii. Aquat. Mamm. 25: 63-72.
40. Modig, A. 1996. Effects of body size and harem size on male reproductive behaviour in the southern elephant seal. Anim. Behav. 51: 1295-1306.
41. Nishiwaki, M. 1959. Humpback whales in Ryukyuan waters. Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst. Tokyo, 12: 49-87.
42. Nishiwaki, M. 1962. Ryukyuan whaling in 1961. Sci. Rep. Whales Res. Inst. Tokyo, 16: 19-28.
43. Nishiwaki, M. 1966. Distribution and migration of the larger cetaceans in the North Pacific as shown by Japanese whaling results. In Whales, dolphins and porpoises. Edited by K.S. Norris. University of California Press, Berkeley. pp. 171-191.
44. Omura, H. 1955. Whales in the northern part of the North Pacific. Nor. Hvalfangst Tid. 44: 395-405.
45. Pack, A.A., Salden, D.R., Ferrari, M.J., Glockner-Ferrari, D.A., Herman, L.M., Stubbs, H.A., and Straley, J.M. 1998. Male humpback whale dies in competitive group. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 14: 861-873.
46. Pack, A.A., Herman, L.M., Craig, A.S., Spitz, S.S., and Deakos, M.H. 2002. Penis extrusions by humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Aquat. Mamm. 28: 131-146.
47. Poole, J.H. 1989. Mate guarding, reproductive success, and female choice in African elephants. Anim. Behav. 37: 842-849.
48. Rice, D.W. 1963. Progress report on biological studies of the larger cetaceans in the waters off California. Nor. Hvalfangst Tid. 52: 181-187.
49. Slijper, E.J. 1962. Whales. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y..
50. Smith, T.D., Allen, J., Clapham, P.J., Hammond, P.S., Katona, S., Larsen, F., Lien, J., Mattila, D., Palsboll, P.J., Sigurjonsson, J., Stevick, P.T., and Oien, N. 1999. An ocean-basin-wide mark-recapture study of the North Atlantic humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Mar. Mamm. Sci. 15: 1-32.
51. Spitz, S.S. 1999. Size measurement of humpback whales using underwater videogrammetry. Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu.
52. Spitz, S.S., Herman, L.M., and Pack, A.A. 2000. Measuring sizes of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) by underwater videogrammetry. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 16: 664-676.
53. Straley, J.M., Gabriele, C.M., and Baker, C.S. 1994. Annual reproduction by individually identified humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Alaskan waters. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 10: 87-92.
54. Symons, H.W., and Weston, R.D. 1958. Studies on the humpback whale (Megaptera nodosa) in the Bellinghausen Sea. Nor. Hvalfangst Tid. 47: 53-81.
55. Tomilin, A.G. 1967. Mammals of the U.S.S.R., and adjacent countries. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, S. Monson Binding, Jerusalem.
56. True, F.W. 1904. The whalebone whales of the western North Atlantic. Smithson. Contrib. Knowl. 33.
57. Tyack, P. 1981. Interactions between singing Hawaiian humpback whales and conspecifics nearby. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 8: 105-116.
58. Tyack, P. 1983. Differential responses of humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, to playback of song or social sounds. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 13: 49-55.
59. Tyack, P., and Whitehead, H. 1983. Male competition in large groups of wintering humpback whales. Behaviour, 83: 132-154.
60. Weinrich, M.T., Bove, J., and Miller, N. 1993. Return and survival of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) groups on their southern Gulf of Maine feeding grounds. Can. J. Zool. 69: 3005-3011.
61. Whitham, T.G. 1979. Territorial behaviour of Pemphigus gall aphids. Nature (Lond.), 279: 324-325.
62. Wikelski, M., Carbone, C., and Trillmich, F. 1996. Lekking in marine iguanas: female grouping and male reproductive strategies. Anim. Behav. 52: 581-596.