The glacial thermohaline circulation: Stable or unstable?

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 29, Issue 21, 2002, Pages 24-1-24-4

  Prange, M ^a   Romanova, V ^a   Lohmann, G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BREMEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLACIAL GEOLOGY; HYSTERESIS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; WATER;

THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;

GEOPHYSICS;

BOUNDARY CONDITION; FRESHWATER; LAST GLACIAL; OCEANIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; PALEOCEANOGRAPHY; STABILITY ANALYSIS; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;

(NORTH); ATLANTIC OCEAN;

EID: 0036871670     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2002GL015337     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Aagaard, K., and E. C. Carmack, The role of sea ice and other fresh water in the Arctic circulation, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14,485-14,498, 1989.
2. Bard, E., F. Rostek, J.-L. Turon, and S. Gendreau, Hydrological impact of Heinrich events in the subtropical Northeast Atlantic, Science, 289, 1321-1324, 2000.
3. Boyle, E. A., Last Glacial Maximum North Atlantic Deep Water: On, off, or somewhere in-between?, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B, 348, 243-253, 1995.
4. Broecker, W. S., and S. Hemming, Climate swings come into focus, Science, 294, 2308-2309, 2001.
5. Broecker, W. S., G. C. Bond, K. M. Klas, E. Clark, and J. F. McManus, Origin of the northern Atlantic's Heinrich events, Climate Dyn., 6, 265-273, 1992.
6. Chapman, M. R., and N. J. Shackleton, Global ice-volume fluctuations, North Atlantic ice-rafting events, and deep-ocean circulation changes between 130 and 70 ka, Geology, 27, 795-798, 1999.
7. Clark, P. U., N. G. Pisias, T. F. Stocker, and A. J. Weaver, The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change, Nature, 415, 863-869, 2002.
8. CLIMAP (project members), Seasonal reconstructions of the Earth surface at the Last Glacial Maximum, Geological Society of America, Map and Chart Series, MC-36, 18 maps, Boulder, Colorado, 1981.
9. Ganopolski, A., and S. Rahmstorf, Rapid changes of glacial climate simulated in a coupled climate model, Nature, 409, 153-158, 2001.
10. Ganopolski, A., S. Rahmstorf, V. Petoukhov, and M. Claussen, Simulation of modern and glacial climates with a coupled global climate model, Nature, 391, 351-356, 1998.
11. Heinrich, H., Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years, Quat. Res., 29, 142-152, 1988.
12. Keigwin, L. D., and S. J. Lehman, Deep circulation change linked to Heinrich Event I and Younger Dryas in a mid-depth North Atlantic core, Paleoceanography, 9, 185-194, 1994.
13. Leonard, B. P., A stable and accurate convective modelling procedure based on quadratic upstream interpolation, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng., 19, 59-98, 1979.
14. Lohmann, G., and S. Lorenz, On the hydrological cycle under paleoclimatic conditions as derived from AGCM simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17,417-17,436, 2000.
15. Maier-Reimer, E., U. Mikolajewicz, and K. Hasselmann, Mean circulation of the Hamburg LSG OGCM and its sensitivity to the thermohaline surface forcing, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 731-757, 1993.
16. Peltier, W. R., Ice age paleotopography, Science, 265, 195-201, 1994.
17. Prange, M., G. Lohmann, A. Paul, Influence of vertical mixing on the thermohaline hysteresis: Analyses of an OGCM, J. Phys. Oceanogr., in revision, 2002 (see also http://www.palmod.uni-bremen.de/~mprange/ mixing.html).
18. Rahmstorf, S., Bifurcations of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation in response to changes in the hydrological cycle, Nature, 378, 145-149, 1995.
19. Rahmstorf, S., On the freshwater forcing and transport of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation, Climate Dyn., 12, 799-811, 1996.
20. Rahmstorf, S., and J. Willebrand, The role of temperature feedback in stabilizing the thermohaline circulation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 787-805, 1995.
21. Rutberg, R. L., S. R. Hemming, and S. L. Goldstein, Reduced North Atlantic Deep Water flux to the glacial Southern Ocean inferred from neodymium isotope ratios, Nature, 405, 935-938, 2000.
22. Schäfer-Neth, C., A. Paul, Circulation of the glacial Atlantic: a synthesis of global and regional modeling, in: The northern North Atlantic: A changing environment, edited by P. Schäfer, W. Ritzrau, and M. Schlüter, Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp 441-462, 2001.
23. Schmittner, A., M. Yoshimori, and A. J. Weaver, Instability of glacial climate in a model of the ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere system, Science, 295, 1489-1493, 2002.
24. Stocker, T. F., The seesaw effect, Science, 282, 61-62, 1998.
25. Stommel, H., Thermohaline convection with two stable regimes of flow, Tellus, 13, 224-230, 1961.
26. Weaver, A. J., M. Eby, A. F. Fanning, and E. C. Wiebe, Simulated influence of carbon dioxide, orbital forcing and ice sheets on the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum, Nature, 394, 847-853, 1998.