Wrist pain in young gymnasts: Frequency and effects upon training over 1 year

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

Volumn 12, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 348-353

  DiFiori, John P ^a,d   Puffer, James C ^a   Aish, Bassil ^c   Dorey, Frederick ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c Beach Physicians and Surgeons   (United States)

^d NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Athletics; Children; Gymnastics; Overuse; Training; Wrist; Youth

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PAIN; PAIN ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPORT; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TRAINING; WRIST DISEASE; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTHRALGIA; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FOLLOW UP; HOSPITALIZATION; METHODOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSICAL EDUCATION; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROBABILITY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; QUESTIONNAIRE; SEX RATIO; STATISTICAL MODEL; TIME; UNITED STATES; WRIST;

ADOLESCENT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTHRALGIA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; PAIN; PAIN MEASUREMENT; PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING; PROBABILITY; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; QUESTIONNAIRES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SEX DISTRIBUTION; TIME FACTORS; UNITED STATES; WRIST JOINT;

EID: 0036863363     PISSN: 1050642X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00042752-200211000-00005     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Caine D, Cochrane B, Caine C, et al. An epidemiologic investigation of injuries affecting young competitive female gymnasts. Am J Sports Med 1989;17:811-820.
2. Dixon M, Fricker P. Injuries to elite gymnasts over 10 years. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993;25:1322-1329.
3. Mandelbaum BR, Bartolozzi A, Davis CA, et al. Wrist pain syndrome in the gymnast: Pathogenetic, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations. Am J Sports Med 1989;17:305-317.
4. Caine D, Roy S, Singer KM, et al. Stress changes of the distal radial growth plate: A radiologic survey and a review of the literature. Am J Sports Med 1992;20:290-298.
5. Chang C-Y, Shih C, Penn I-W, et al. Wrist injuries in adolescent gymnasts of a Chinese opera school: Radiographic survey. Radiology 1995;195:861-864.
6. DiFiori JP, Puffer JC, Mandelbaum BR, et al. Factors associated with wrist pain in the young gymnast. Am J Sports Med 1996;24: 9-14.
7. DiFiori JP, Puffer JC, Aish B, et al. Wrist pain, distal radial physeal injury and ulnar variance in young gymnasts: Does a relationship exist? Am J Sports Med, in press.
8. Roy S, Caine D, Singer KM. Stress changes of the distal radial growth epiphysis in young gymnasts: A report of twenty-one cases and a review of the literature. Am J Sports Med 1985;13:301-308.
9. Albanese SA, Palmer AK, Kerr DR, et al. Wrist pain and distal growth plate closure of the radius in gymnasts. J Pediatr Orthop 1989;9:23-28.
10. Tolat AR, Sanderson PL, DeSmet L, et al. The gymnast's wrist: Acquired positive ulnar variance following chronic epiphyseal injury. J Hand Surg [Br] 1992;17:678-681.
11. Liebling MS, Berdon WE, Ruzal-Shapiro C, et al. Gymnast's wrist (pseudorickets growth plate abnormality) in adolescent athletes: Findings on plain films and MR imaging. Am J Roentgenol 1995; 164:157-159.
12. DiFiori JP, Mandelbaum BR. Wrist pain in a young gymnast: Unusual radiographic findings and MRI evidence of growth plate injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996;28:1453-1458.
13. DiFiori JP, Puffer JC, Mandelbaum BR, et al. Distal radial growth plate injury and positive ulnar variance in non-elite gymnasts. Am J Sports Med 1997;25:763-768.
14. DeSmet L, Claessens A, Lefevre J, et al. Gymnast wrist: An epidemiologic survey of ulnar variance and stress changes to the radial physis in elite female gymnasts. Am J Sports Med 1994;22:846-850.
15. Beunen G, Malina RM, Claessens AL, et al. Ulnar variance and skeletal maturity of radius and ulna in female gymnasts. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:653-657.
16. Lishen Q, Jianhua O. Epiphyseal injury in gymnastics. Clin J Sports Med (China) 1983;2:7-12.
17. Lindner KJ, Caine DJ. Injury patterns of female competitive club gymnasts. Can J Sport Sci 1990;15:254-261.
18. Maffulli N. The growing child in sport. Br Med Bull 1992;48:561-568.
19. Micheli LJ. Overuse injuries in children's sports: The growth factor. Orthop Clin North Am 1983;14:337-360.
20. Alexander CJ. Effects of growth rate on the strength of the growth plate-shaft junction. Skeletal Radiol 1976;1:67-76.
21. Bright RW, Burstein AH, Elmore SM. Epiphyseal-plate cartilage: A biomechanical and histologic analysis of failure modes. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1974;56:688-703.
22. Bailey DA, Wedge JH, McCulloch RG, et al. Epidemiology of fractures of the distal end of the radius in children as associated with growth. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1989;71:1225-1231.
23. Blimkie CJ, Lefevre J, Beunen GP, et al. Fractures, physical activity, and growth velocity in adolescent Belgian boys. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993;25:801-808.
24. Flachsmann R, Broom ND, Hardy AE, et al. Why is the adolescent joint particularly susceptible to osteochondral shear fracture? Clin Orthop 2000;381:212-221.
25. Thientz GE, Howald H, Weiss U, et al. Evidence for a reduction of growth potential in adolescent female gymnasts. J Pediatr 1993;122:306-313.
26. Malina R, Bielicki T. Growth and maturation of boys active in sports: Longitudinal observation from the Wroclaw growth study. Pediatr Exerc Sci 1992;4:68-77.