The normalization of 'sensible' recreational drug use: Further evidence from the North West England longitudinal study

Sociology

Volumn 36, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 941-964

  Parker, Howard ^a   Williams, Lisa ^a   Aldridge, Judith ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Adolescence; Longitudinal research; Normalization; Recreational drug use

Indexed keywords

EID: 0036851428     PISSN: 00380385     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/003803850203600408     Document Type: Review

References (55)

1. Akram, G. (1997) Patterns of Use and Safety Awareness Amongst Users of Dance Drugs in Nottingham. Master of Public Health, Nottingham: University of Nottingham.
2. Aldridge, J., Parker, H. and Measham, F. (1999) Drug Trying and Drug Use Across Adolescence. DPAS Paper l, London: Home Office.
3. Ashton, C. and Kamali, F. (1995) 'Personality, Lifestyles, Alcohol and Drug Consumption in a Sample of British Medical Students' Medical Education 29: 187-92.
4. Balding, J. (1999) Young People in 1998. Exeter: Exeter University.
5. Barnard, M., Forsyth, A. and McKeganey, N. (1996) 'Levels of Drug Use among a Sample of Scottish School Children', Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 3(1): 81-9.
6. Birch, D., White, M. and Kamali, F. (1999) Factors Influencing Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use Amongst Medical Students. Newcastle upon Tyne: University of Newcastle.
7. Bogdan, R., Biklen, D., Shapiro, A. and Spelkerman, D. (1982) 'The Disabled: Media's Monster', Social Policy 12: 32-5.
8. Boys, A.J., Fountain, J., Griffiths, P., Marsden, J., Stillwell, G. and Strang, J. (2000) Making Decisions: A Qualitative Study of Young People, Drugs and Alcohol. London: Health Education Authority.
9. Cabinet Office (1999) First Annual Report and National Plan. London: United Kingdom Anti-Drugs Co-ordination Unit.
10. Corkery, J. (2000) 'Snowed Under - Is it the Real Thing?' Druglink 15(3): 12-16.
11. Egginton, R., Aldridge, J. and Parker, H. (2001) 'Unconventional? Adolescent Drug Triers and Users in England', Chapter 3 in H. Parker, J. Aldridge and R. Egginton, UK Drugs Unlimited: New Research and Policy Lessons on Illicit Drug Use. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
12. Emerson, E. (1992) 'What is Normalisation?', in H. Brown and H. Smith (eds) Normalisation: A Reader for the Nineties. London: Routledge.
13. ESPAD (1997) Alcohol and Other Drug Use Among Students in 26 European Countries. Stockholm: Swedish Council on Alcohol and Other Drugs.
14. ESPAD (2001) Alcohol and Other Drug Use Among Students in 30 European Countries. Stockholm: Swedish Council on Alcohol and Other Drugs.
15. Flood-Page, C., Campbell, S., Harrington, V. and Miller, M. (2000) Youth Crime: Findings from the 1998/99 Youth Lifestyles Survey. London: Home Office Research Study 209.
16. Forsyth, A. (1998) A Quantitative Study of Dance Drug Use. PhD Glasgow University.
17. Goddard, E. and Higgins, V. (1999) Smoking, Drinking and Drug Use Among Young Teenagers in 1998. London: Office of National Statistics.
18. Gore, S. (1999) 'Effective Monitoring of Young People's Use of Illegal Drugs', British Journal of Criminology 39(4): 575-603.
19. Griffiths, P., Vingoe, L., Jansen, K., Sherval, J., Lewis, R. and Hartnoll, R. (1997) New Trends in Synthetic Drugs in the European Union. Lisbon: EMCDDA.
20. Grossman, M. and Chaloupka, F. (1998) 'The Demand for Cocaine by Young Adults: A Rational Addiction Approach', Journal of Health Economics 17: 427-74.
21. Hammersley, R., Ditton, J., Smith, I. and Short, E. (1999) 'Patterns of Ecstasy Use by Drug Users', British Journal of Criminology 39(4) 625-47.
22. Hart, L. and Hunt, N. (1997) Choosers not Losers? Invecta Community Care, NHS.
23. HEA (1999) Drugs Realities: A Summary of the 1996 National Drugs Campaign Survey. London: Health Education Authority.
24. Hirst, J. and McCameley-Finney, A. (1994) The Place and Meaning of Drugs in the Lives of Young People. Sheffield: Sheffield Hallam University.
25. Home Affairs Committee (2002) The Government's Drugs Policy: Is It Working? London: House of Commons.
26. Independent Inquiry (2000) Drugs and the Law. Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Misuse of Drugs Act (1971). London: Police Foundation.
27. McElrath, K. and McEvoy, K. (1999) Ecstasy Use in Northern Ireland. Belfast: Queens University.
28. Makhoul, M., Yates, F. and Wolfson, S. (1998) 'A Survey of Substance Use at a UK University: Prevalence of Use and Views of Students', Journal of Substance Misuse 3: 119-24.
29. Measham, F., Aldridge, J. and Parker, H. (2000) Dancing on Drugs: Risk Health and Headonism in the British Club Scene. London: Free Association Books.
30. Measham, F., Newcombe, R. and Parker, H. (1994) 'The Normalisation of Recreational Drug Use Amongst Young People in North West England', British Journal of Sociology 45(2): 287-312.
31. Measham, F., Parker, H. and Aldridge, J. (1998), 'The Teenage Transition: From Adolescent Recreational Drug Use to The Young Adult Dance Culture in Britain in the mid-1990s', in Power, R. (ed.), Journal of Drug Issues, Special Edition, Contemporary Issues Concerning Illicit Drug Use in the British Isles, 28(1): 9-32.
32. Meikle, A., McCallum, C., Marshall, A. and Coster, G. (1996) Drugs Survey on a Selection of Secondary School Pupils in the Glasgow Area Aged 13-16. Glasgow: Glasgow Drugs Prevention Team.
33. Miller, P. and Plant, M. (1996) 'Drinking, Smoking and Illicit Drug Use among 15 and 16 year olds in the United Kingdom', British Medical Journal 313: 394-7.
34. NHSDA (1999) The 1998 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Department of Health and Human Services.
35. Nirje, B. (1980) 'The Normalisation Principle', in R. Flynn and K. Nitsch (eds) NormaIisation, Social Integration and Community Services. Baltimore: University Park Press.
36. Office of National Statistics (2000) Drug Use, Smoking and Drinking Among Young Teenagers in 1999. London: Office of National Statistics.
37. Parker, H., Aldridge, J. and Egginton, R. (2001) UK Drugs Unlimited: New Research and Policy Lessons on Illicit Drug Use. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
38. Parker, H., Aldridge, J. and Measham, E. (1998) Illegal Leisure: The Normalization of Adolescent Recreational Drug Use. London: Routledge.
39. Perri 6., Jupp, B., Perry, H. and Laskey, K. (1997) The Substance of Youth. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
40. Pirie, M. and Worcester, R. (1999) The Next Leaders? London: Adam Smith Institute.
41. Plant, M., Peck, D. and Samuel, E. (1985) Alcohol, Drugs and School Leavers. London: Tavistock.
42. Plant, M. and Miller, P. (2000) 'Drug Use Has Declined Among Teenagers in the United Kingdom', British Medical Journal 320:1536 (3 June).
43. Ramsay, M. and Partridge, S. (1999) Drug Misuse Declared in 1998: Results from the British Crime Survey. Home Office Research Study 197, London: Home Office.
44. Release (1997) Release Drugs and Dance Survey. London: Release.
45. Shiner, M. and Newburn, T. (1997) 'Definitely, Maybe Not? The Normalisation of Recreational Drug Use Amongst Young People', Sociology 31: 511-29.
46. Sutherland, I. and Wilner, P. (1998) 'Patterns of Alcohol, Cigarette and Illicit Drug Use in English Adolescents', Addiction 93(8):1199-1208.
47. Van Vliet, H. (1990) 'Separation of Drug Markets and the Normalisation of Drug Problems in the Netherlands: An Example for Other Nations', Journal of Drug Issues 20(3): 463-71.
48. Webb, E., Ashton, C., Kelly, D. and Kamali, F. (1996) 'Alcohol and Drug Use in UK University Students', Lancet 348: 922-5.
49. Wibberley, C. and Price, J. (2000) 'Young People's Ideas on Drugs and Drug Use Implications for the Normalisation Debate', Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 147-162.
50. Williams, L. and Parker, H. (2001) 'Alcohol, Cannabis, Ecstasy and Cocaine: Drugs of Reasoned Choice amongst Young Adult Recreational Drug Users in England', International Journal of Drug Policy 12(5/6): 397-413.
51. Winstock, A. (2000) 'Risky Behaviour and Harm Reduction Amongst 1151 Clubbers', Paper for 11th International Conference on the Reduction of Drug Related Harm. Jersey.
52. Wolfensberger, W. (1972) The Principle of Normalisation in Human Services. Toronto: National Institute on Mental Retardation.
53. Wolfensberger, W. (1980) 'The Definition of Normalisation. Updates, Problems, Disagreements and Misunderstandings', in R. Flynn and K. Nitsch (eds) Normalisation, Social Integration and Community Services. Baltimore: University Park Press.
54. Wolfensberger, W. (1984) 'A Reconceptualistion of Normalisation as Social Role Valorization', Mental Retardation 34: 22-5.
55. Young, L. and Jones, R. (1997) Young People and Drugs. Liverpool: SHADO.