Current medical management of Graves ophthalmopathy

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Volumn 18, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 402-408

  Marcocci, Claudio ^a   Bartalena, Luigi ^a   Marinó, Michele ^a   Rocchi, Roberto ^a   Mazzi, Barbara ^a   Menconi, Francesca ^a   Morabito, Eugenia ^a   Pinchera, Aldo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLOPURINOL; ANGIOPEPTIN; ANTIOXIDANT; ANTITHYROID AGENT; COLCHICINE; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTOKINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; GLUCOCORTICOID; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; METHOTREXATE; NICOTINAMIDE; OCTREOTIDE; OXYGEN RADICAL; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PREDNISOLONE; PREDNISONE; RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; SOMATOSTATIN DERIVATIVE; THIONAMIDE; THIONAMIDE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

DIPLOPIA; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; EXOPHTHALMOS; EYE DISEASE; GRAVES DISEASE; HUMAN; OPTIC NERVE DISEASE; PHOTOPHOBIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOTHERAPY; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE;

EID: 0036850741     PISSN: 07409303     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002341-200211000-00003     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Bartalena L, Pinchera A, Marcocci C. Management of Graves' ophthalmopathy: Reality and perspectives. Endocr Rev 2000;21:168.
2. Gerding MN, Terwee CB, Dekker FW, et al. Quality of life in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy is markedly decreased: Measurement by the Medical Outcomes Study Instrument. Thyroid 1997;7:885-9.
3. Mourits MP, Koornneef L, Wiersinga WM, et al. Clinical criteria for the assessment of disease activity in Graves' ophthalmopathy: A novel approach. Br J Ophthalmol 1989;73:639-44.
4. Pinchera A, Wiersinga W, Glinoer D, et al. Classification of eye changes of Graves' disease. Thyroid 1992;2:235-6.
5. Wiersinga WM. Immunosuppressive treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 1990;1:377-81.
6. Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Pinchera A. Treating severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. Bailliere's Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;11:521-36.
7. Kahaly G, Schrezenmeir J, Krause U, et al. Cyclosporin and prednisone vs. prednisone in treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy: A controlled, randomized and prospective study. Eur J Clin Invest 1986;16:415-22.
8. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Tanda ML, et al. Comparison of the effectiveness and tolerability of intravenous and oral glucocorticoids associated with orbital radiotherapy in the management of severe Graves' ophthalmopathy: Results of a prospective, single-blind, randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:3562-7.
9. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Panicucci M, et al. Orbital cobalt irradiation combined with retrobulbar or systemic corticosteroids for Graves' ophthalmopathy: A comparative study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1987;27:33-42.
10. Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Manetti L, et al. Orbital radiotherapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 1998;8:439-41.
11. Kahaly G, Roesler HP, Pitz S, et al. Low- versus high-dose radiotherapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy: A randomized, single blind trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:102-8.
12. Mourits MP, van Kempen-Harteveld ML, Garcia MBG, et al. Radiotherapy for Graves' orbitopathy: Randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet 2000;355:1505-9.
13. Gorman CA, Garrity JA, Fatourechi V, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of orbital radiotherapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmology 2001;108:1523-34.
14. Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Chiovato L, et al. Orbital cobalt irradiation combined with systemic corticosteroids for Graves' ophthalmopathy: Comparison with systemic corticosteroids alone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983;56:1139-44.
15. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, et al. Orbital radiotherapy combined with high-dose systemic glucocorticoids for Graves' ophthalmopathy is more effective than orbital radiotherapy alone: Results of a prospective study. J Endocrinol Invest 1991;14:853-60.
16. Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM. Immunomodulatory treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 1998:8:543-6.
17. Prummel MF, Mourits MP, Berghout A, et al. Prednisone and cyclosporine in the treatment of severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. N Engl J Med 1989;321:1353-9.
18. 123I-Tyr3]-octreotide: The Rotterdam experience with more than 1000 patients. Eur J Nucl Med 1993;20:716-31.
19. Krassas GE. Somatostatin analogues in the treatment of thyroid eye disease. Thyroid 1998;8:443-5.
20. Ballow M. Mechanisms of action of intravenous immune serum globulin in autoimmune and antiinflammatory diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;100:151-7.
21. Antonelli A, Saracino A, Alberti B, et al. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in Graves' ophthalmopathy. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1992;126:13-23.
22. Kahaly G, Pitz S, Muller-Forell W. et al. Randomized trial of intravenous immunoglobulins versus prednisolone in Graves' ophthalmopathy. Clin Exp Immunol 1996;106:197-202.
23. Seppel T, Schlaghecke R, Becker A, et al. High-dose intravenous therapy with 7S immunoglobulins in autoimmune endocrine ophthalmopathy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1996;14(Suppl 15):S109-14.
24. Bouzas EA, Karadimas P, Mastrorakos G, et al. Antioxidant agents in the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2000;129:618-22.
25. Balazs C, Kiss E, Vamos A, et al. Beneficial effect of pentoxyfilline on thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;82:1999-2002.
26. Gorman CA. Temporal relationship between onset of Graves' ophthalmopathy and diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. Mayo Clin Proc 1983;58:515-9.
27. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, et al. Studies on the occurrence of ophthalmopathy in Graves' disease. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1989;120:473-8.
28. Prummel MF, Wiersinga WM, Mourits MP, et al. Amelioration of eye changes of Graves' ophthalmopathy by achieving euthyroidism. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1989;121(Suppl 2):185-9.
29. Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Bogazzi F, et al. Relation between therapy for hyperthyroidism and the course of Graves' ophthalmopathy. N Engl J Med 1998;338:73-8.
30. Vitti P, Rago T, Chiovato L, et al. Clinical features of patients with Graves' disease undergoing remission after antithyroid drug treatment. Thyroid 1997;47:369-75.
31. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, et al. Relationship between Graves' ophthalmopathy and type of treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism. Thyroid 1992;2:171-8.
32. Solomon B, Glinoer D, Lagasse R, et al. Current trends in the management of Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70:1518-24.
33. Gorman CA. Radioiodine therapy does not aggravate Graves' ophthalmopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:340-2.
34. Pinchera A, Bartalena L, Marcocci C. Radioiodine may be bad for Graves' ophthalmopathy, but... J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:342-5.
35. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Bogazzi F, et al Radioiodine and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Orbit 1996;15:197-203.
36. Bartalena L, Marcocci C, Bogazzi F, et al. Use of corticosteroids to prevent progression of Graves' ophthalmopathy after radioiodine therapy for hyperthyroidism. N Engl J Med 1989;321:1349-52.
37. Weetman A, Wiersinga WM. Current management of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy in Europe. Results of an international survey. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1998;49:21-8.
38. Marcocci C, Bruno-Bossio G, Manetti L, et al. The course of Graves' ophthalmopathy is not influenced by near total thyroidectomy: A case-control study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1999;51:503-8.
39. Marcocci C, Bartalena L, Pinchera A. Ablative or non-ablative therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism in patients with ophthalmopathy? J Endocrinol Invest 1998;21:468-71.
40. Weetman AP, Harrison BJ. Ablative or non-ablative therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism in patients with ophthalmopathy? J Endocrinol Invest 1998;21:472-5.
41. Chiovato L, Santini F, Pinchera A. Treatment of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid 1995;2:1-10.