The associated reaction rating scale: A clinical tool for measure associated reactions in the hemiplegic upper limb

Clinical Rehabilitation

Volumn 16, Issue 7, 2002, Pages 726-735

  Macfarlane, Anne ^a   Turner Stokes, Lynne ^a   De Souza, Lorraine ^b  

^a NORTHWICK PARK HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b BRUNEL UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARM MOVEMENT; ARTICLE; BODY POSTURE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL EXAMINATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; HEMIPLEGIA; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MOTOR CONTROL; PHYSIOTHERAPY; RATING SCALE; RELIABILITY; STROKE; TASK PERFORMANCE;

ADULT; AGED; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; FOCUS GROUPS; HEMIPLEGIA; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; OBSERVER VARIATION; PHYSICAL THERAPY (SPECIALTY); REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; UPPER EXTREMITY;

EID: 0036840880     PISSN: 02692155     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1191/0269215502cr546oa     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Walshe FMR. On certain tonic and postural reflexes in hemiplegia with special reference to the so-called ‘associated movements’. Brain 1923; 46: 1-37.
2. Bobath B. Adult hemiplegia: evaluation and treatment, third edition. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1990.
3. Stephenson RC. A survey of the assessment and grading of spasticity by physiotherapists in the Yorkshire region. Synapse 1996: 2-6.
4. Boissy P, Bourbonnais D, Kaegi C, Gravel D, Arsenault BA. Characterisation of global synkineses during hand grip in hemiparetic patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 78: 1117-24.
5. Lazarus JC. Associated movement in hemiplegia: The effects of force exerted, limb usage and inhibitory training. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1992; 73: 1044-49.
6. Dvir Z, Penturin E, Prop I. The effect of graded effort on the severity of associated reactions in hemiplegic subjects. Clin Rehabil 1996; 10: 155-58.
7. Edwards S. Neurological physiotherapy: a problem-solving approach. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1997.
8. Mulley G. Associated reactions in the hemiplegic arm. Scand J Rehabil Med 1982; 14: 117-20.
9. Lynch Ellerington ME. Letters to the editor. Physiother Res Int 1988; 3: 76-78.
10. Davies PM. Steps to follow; a guide to the treatment of adult hemiplegia. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1985.
11. Dvir Z, Panturin E. Measurement of spasticity and associated reactions in stroke patients before and after physiotherapeutic intervention. Clin Rehabil 1993; 7: 15-21.
12. Stewart D, Shamdasani P. Focus groups theory and practice. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1990.
13. Engadt M, Olsson E. Body weight-bearing while rising and sitting down in patients with stroke. Scand J Rehabil Med 1992; 24: 67-74.
14. Cicchetti DV. A new measure of agreement between rank-ordered variables. Proc Am Psychol Assoc 1972; 7: 17-18.
15. Altman D. Practical statistics for medical research. London: Chapman and Hall, 1991.
16. Shepherd RB, Koh HP. Some biomechanical consequences of varying foot placement in sit-stand in young women. Scand J Rehabil Med 1996; 28: 78-88.
17. Fleiss JL. Statistical methods for rates and proportions. New York: John Wiley, 1981: 218.
18. McPherson KM, Pentland B, Cudmore SF, Prescott RJ. An inter rater reliability study of the Functional Assessment Measure (FIM + FAM). Disabil Rehabil 1996; 18: 341-47.
19. Dickstein R, Pillar T, Abulaffio N. Electromyographic activity of the biceps brachii muscles and elbow flexion during associated reactions in hemiparetic patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1995; 74: 427-31.
20. Dickstein R, Heefes Y, Abulaffio N. Electromyographic and positional changes in the elbows of spastic hemiparetic patients during walking. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1996; 101: 491-96.
21. Dvir Z, Panturin E, Prop I. The effect of graded effort on the severity of associated reactions in hemiplegic subjects. Clin Rehabil 1996; 10: 155-58.