A focused review of the use of botulinum toxins for low back pain

Clinical Journal of Pain

Volumn 18, Issue 6 SUPPL., 2002, Pages

  Difazio, Mark ^a,b   Jabbari, Bahman ^a,b  

^a UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^b WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Back pain; Botox; Botulinum toxin; Herniated disc; Myobloc; Nociceptor

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIC AGENT; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; BOTULINUM TOXIN A; BOTULINUM TOXIN B; MUSCLE RELAXANT AGENT; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT;

ADDICTION; ADULT; AGED; ANALGESIA; BIOCHEMISTRY; CHRONIC DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INDUCED DISEASE; DRUG SAFETY; DYSTONIA; EVALUATION AND FOLLOW UP; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HUMAN; HYPERALGESIA; INFLAMMATION; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK HERNIA; LOW BACK PAIN; MALE; NOCICEPTION; NOCICEPTIVE RECEPTOR; NONHUMAN; PAIN ASSESSMENT; PATHOGENESIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT SATISFACTION; PHYSIOTHERAPY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SPASTICITY; SYMPTOM; TISSUE INJURY; TREATMENT INDICATION;

ANIMALS; BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A; BOTULINUM TOXINS; CHRONIC DISEASE; HUMANS; LOW BACK PAIN; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0036840844     PISSN: 07498047     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00002508-200211001-00007     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Deyo R, Phillips W. Low back pain: A primary care challenge. Spine 1996;21:2826-32.
2. Deyo R. Low back pain. Sci Am 1998;279:49-53.
3. Levin K, Covington E, Devereaux M, et al. Low back and neck pain. Continuum 2001;7:7-43.
4. Ebenbichler G, Oddsson L, Kollmitzer J, et al. Sensory-motor control of the lower back: Implications for rehabilitation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:1889-98.
5. Porterfield J, DeRosa C. Mechanical Low Back Pain: Perspectives in Functional Anatomy. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1998.
6. Graven-Nielsen T, Mense S. The peripheral apparatus of muscle pain: Evidence from animal and human studies. Clin J Pain 2001; 17:2-10.
7. McLain R, Weinstein J. Effects of whole body vibration on dorsal root ganglion neurons: Changes in neuronal nuclei. Spine 1994;19:1455-61.
8. Haldeman S. Low back pain: Current physiologic concepts. Neurol Clin 1999:17:1-15.
9. Swenson R. Differential diagnosis: A reasonable clinical approach. Neurol Clin 1999;17:43-63.
10. Harrington J, Messier A, Bereiter D. et al. Herniated lumbar disc material as a source of free glutamate available to affect pain signals through the dorsal root ganglion. Spine 2000;25:929-36.
11. Cutler R, Fishbain D, Rosomoff H. et al. Does nonsurgical pain center treatment of chronic pain return patients to work? Spine 1994;19:643-52.
12. Thomas E, Silman A, Croft P, et al. Predicting who develops chronic low back pain in primary care: A prospective study. BMJ 1999;318:1662-7.
13. Cherkin D, Deyo R, Street J, et al. Predicting poor outcomes for back pain seen in primary care using patient's own criteria. Spine 1996;21:2900-7.
14. Grachev I, Fredrickson B, Apkarian A. Abnormal brain chemistry in chronic back pain: An in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Pain 2000;89:7-18.
15. Rose-Innes A, Engstrom J. Low back pain: An algorithmic approach to diagnosis and management. Geratrics 1998;53:26-45.
16. Browing R, Jackson J, O'Malley P. Cyclobenzaprine and back pain: A meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:1613-20.
17. Borenstein D. Epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of low back pain. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2001;12:143-9.
18. Broadhurst NA. Chronic low back pain: What are the treatment options? Aust Fam Physician 1999;28:25-30.
19. Tulder M, Malmivaara A, Esmail R, Koes B. Exercise therapy for low back pain. Spine 2000;25:2784-96.
20. Milne S, Welch V, Brosseau L, et al. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;2:CD003008.
21. Guzman J, Esmail R, Karjalainen K, et al. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for chronic low back pain: Systematic review. BMJ 2001; 322:1511-6.
22. Hall H. Surgery: Indications and options. Neurol Neural Clin 1999:7:113-30.
23. Yorimitsu E, Chiba K, Toyama Y, Hirabayashi K. Long-term outcomes of standard discectomy for lumbar disc herniation. Spine 2001;26:652-7.
24. Kennedy M. IDET: A new approach to treating low back pain. WMJ 1999;98:18-20,
25. Taguchi T, Kawai S, Oda H, Kaneko K. Anatomic basis for selective nervi-spinales infiltration in the treatment of articular back pain. J Neuroradiol 2000;27:25-9.
26. Eisenberg D, Davis R, Ettner S, et al. Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States. 1990-1997. JAMA 1998;280:1569-75.
27. Eisenberg D, Kessler R, Foster C, et al. Unconventional medicine in the United States. N Engl J Med 1993;328:246-52.
28. Cherkin D, Eisenberg D, Sherman K, et al. Randomized trial comparing traditional Chinese medical acupuncture, therapeutic massage, and self-care education for chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 2001;61:1081-8.
29. Greene P, Kang U, Fahn S, et al. Double blind, placebo controlled trial of botulinum toxin injection for the treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Neurology 1990;40:1213-8.
30. Brashear A, Lew M, Dykstra D, et al. Safety and efficacy of NeuroBloc (botulinum toxin B) in type A-responsive cervical dystonia. Neurology 1999;53:1439-46.
31. Kuslich S, Ulstrom C, Michael C. The tissue origin of low back pain and sciatica: A report of pain response to tissue stimulation during operations on the lumbar spine using local anesthesia. Orthop Clin North Am 1991;22:181-7.
32. Ravitz E, Moore M, Glaros A. Paralumbar muscle activity in chronic low back pain. Arch Phys Med Rehab 1981;62:172-6.
33. Nouwen A, Bush C. The relationship between paraspinal EMG and chronic low back pain. Pain 1984;20:109-23.
34. Fillipi G, Errico P, Santarelli R, et al. Botulinum a toxin effects on rat jaw muscle spindles. Acta Otolaryngol 1993;113:400-4.
35. Roberts W. A hypothesis on the physiological basis for causalgia and related pains. Pain 1986;24:297-311.
36. Cui M, Aoki KR. Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) reduces inflammatory pain in the rat formalin model. Cephalalgia 2000;20:414 (abstract).
37. Rand M. Whaler B. Impairment of sympathetic transmission by botulinum toxin. Nature 1965;206:588-91.
38. Gillette R, Kramis R, Roberts W. Sympathetic activation of cat spinal neurons responsive to noxious stimulation of deep tissues in the low back. Pain 1994;56:31-42.
39. Foster L, Clapp L, Erickson M, Jabbari B. Botulinum toxin A and chronic low back pain: A randomized double blind study. Neurology 2001;56:1290-3.
40. Opida CL. Open-label study of Myobloc™/Neurobloc® (botulinum toxin type B) in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain. Poster 202 presented at: International Conference 2002: Basic and Therapeutic Aspect of Botulinum and Tetanus Toxins: June 9, 2002; Hannover, Germany.
41. th Annual Scientific Meeting. American Pain Society; November 5-8. 1998: San Diego, California.
42. Porta M, Perretti A, Gambia M, et al. The rationale and results of treating muscle spasm and myofascial syndromes with botulinum toxin type A. Pain Digest 1998:8:346-52.
43. Wheeler A, Goelkusian A. Gretz S. Randomized, double-blind, prospective pilot study of botulinum toxin injection for refractory unilateral, cervicothoracic, paraspinal, myofascial pain syndrome. Spine 1998;23:1662-7.
44. Göschel H, Wohlfarth K, Frevert J, et al. Botulinum A toxin therapy: Neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies - Therapeutic consequences. Exp Neurol 1997;147:96-102.
45. Greene P, Fahn S, Diamond B. Development of resistance to botulinum toxin type A patients with torticollis. Mov Disord 1994;9:213-7.
46. Zuber M. Sebald M. Bathien N. et al. Botulinum antibodies in dystonic patients treated with type A botulinum toxin: Frequency and significance. Neurology 1993;54:1715-8.