The evolution of Lemierre syndrome: Report of 2 cases and review of the literature

Medicine

Volumn 81, Issue 6, 2002, Pages 458-465

  Chirinos, Julio A ^a   Lichtstein, Daniel M ^a   Garcia, Javier ^a   Tamariz, Leonardo J ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; CLINDAMYCIN; HEPARIN; IBUPROFEN; LEVOFLOXACIN; LIVER ENZYME; METRONIDAZOLE; PENICILLIN G;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL ARTHRITIS; BLOOD CULTURE; CASE REPORT; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTION DISORDER; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; FEVER; FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM; HISTORY; HUMAN; HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; IMAGE ANALYSIS; INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN; JAUNDICE; LEMIERRE SYNDROME; LEUKOCYTOSIS; LUNG; LUNG CAVITATION; LUNG INFILTRATE; MALE; MEDICAL LITERATURE; METASTASIS; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NAUSEA; NECK; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PALATINE TONSIL; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHARYNGITIS; PHARYNX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEPSIS; SORE THROAT; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ULTRASOUND; VEIN THROMBOSIS; VOMITING;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ACUTE DISEASE; ADOLESCENT; BACTEREMIA; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEVER; FUSOBACTERIUM INFECTIONS; FUSOBACTERIUM NECROPHORUM; HUMANS; HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; JUGULAR VEINS; LEUKOCYTOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NAUSEA; PHARYNGITIS; PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL; SYNDROME; THROMBOPHLEBITIS; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VOMITING;

EID: 0036840210     PISSN: 00257974     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005792-200211000-00006     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. Abele-Horn M, Emmerling P, Mann JF. Lemierre's syndrome with spondylitis and pulmonary and gluteal abscesses associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 20: 263-6, 2001.
2. Adams J, Capistrant T, Crossley K, Johanssen R, Liston S. Fusobacterium necrophorum septicemia [letter]. JAMA 250: 35, 1983.
3. Agarwal R, Arunachalam PS, Bosman DA. Lemierre's syndrome: A complication of acute oropharyngitis. J Laryngol Otol 114: 545-7, 2000.
4. Ahkee S, Srinath I, Huang A, Raff MJ, Ramirez JA. Lemierres syndrome: Postanginal sepsis due to anaerobic oropharyngeal infection. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 103: 308-10, 1994.
5. Alifano M, Venissac N, Guillot F, Mouroux J. Lemierre's syndrome with bilateral empyema thoracis. Ann Thorac Surg 69: 930-1, 2000.
6. Alvarez A, Schreiber JR. Lemierre's syndrome in adolescent children-anaerobic sepsis with internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis following pharyngitis. Pediatrics 96: 354-9, 1995.
7. Avinash K, et al. Lemierre's syndrome following mastoiditis. Infect Med 15: 323-5, 1998.
8. Baddour LM, Land MA, Barrett FF, Rivara FP, Bruce WM, Bisno AL. Hepatobiliary abnormalities associated with postanginal sepsis. Common manifestations of an uncommon disease. Diagn Micriobiol Infect Dis 4: 19-28, 1986.
9. Baker J, Winer-Muram HT, Grey SW. Lemierre syndrome. South Med J 89: 1021-3, 1996.
10. Beldman TF, Teunisse HA, Schouten TJ. Septic arthritis of the hip by Fusobacterium necrophorum after tonsillectomy: A form of Lemierre syndrome? Eur J Pediatr 156: 856-7, 1997.
11. Bielecki JW. [Septic syndrome with a pulmonary focus]. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax 80: 1030-3, 1991.
12. Bouvier DP, Armstrong RD, Bradshaw DM, Hoenzsch RE. Fusobacterium necrophorum septicemia without a primary focus. South Med J 78: 1521-2, 1985.
13. Brown R, Lough HG, Poxton IR. Phenotypic characteristics and lipopolysaccharides of human and animal isolates of Fusobacterium necrophorum. J Med Microbiol 46: 873-8, 1997.
14. Busch N, Mertens PR, Schonfelder T, Nguyen H, Marschall HU, Kierdorf H, Haase G, Urhahn R, Sieberth HG, Matern S. [Lemierre's post-tonsillitis sepsis with meningitis and intravascular consumption coagulopathy as complication of infectious mononucleosis with pansinusitis.] Dtsch Med Wochenschr 12: 94-8, 1996.
15. [Deleted.]
16. Carlson ER, Bergamo DF, Coccia CT. Lemierre's syndrome: Two cases of a forgotten disease. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 52: 74-8, 1994.
17. Carrie S, Fenton PA. Necrobacillosis - An unusual case of pharyngotonsillitis. J Laryngol Otol 108: 1097-8, 1994.
18. Celikel TH, Muthuswamy PP. Septic pulmonary emboli secondary to internal jugular vein phlebitis (postanginal sepsis) caused by Eikenella corrodens. Am Rev Respir Dis 130: 510-3, 1984.
19. Chalstrey SE, Williams HO, Reilly G. Necrobacillosi - An unusual cause of cervical abscess. J Laryngol Otol 106: 374-5, 1992.
20. Chippindale AJ, Patel B, Mamtora H. A case of necrobacillosis. Thorax 45: 74-5, 1990.
21. Cosgrove EF, Colodny SM, Pesce RR. Adult respiratory distress syndrome as a complication of postanginal sepsis. Chest 103: 1628-9, 1993.
22. Courmont P, Cade A. Sur une septico-pyohemie de l'homme simulant la peste et causee par un streptobacille anaerobie. Arch Med Exp Anat Pathol no. 4, 1900.
23. Dagan O, Powell KR. Postanginal sepsis following infectious mononucleosis. Arch Intern Med 147: 1581-3, 1987.
24. De Vos AI, van Rossem RN, van Elzakker EP, Nijhuis-Heddes JM, Maartense E. Lemierre's syndrome. Sepsis complicating an anaerobic oropharyngeal infection. Neth J Med 59: 181-3, 2001.
25. Dellamonica P, Bernard E. "Deep throat" cellulites. J Infect 38: 134, 1999.
26. Dykhuizen RS, Olson ES, Clive S, Douglas JG. Necrobacillosis (Lemierre's syndrome): A rare cause of necrotizing pneumonia. Eur Respir J 7: 2246-8, 1994.
27. Ellis GR, Gozzard DI, Looker DN, Green GJ. Postanginal septicaemia (Lemierre's disease) complicated by haemophagocytosis. J Infect 36: 340-1, 1998.
28. Ely EW, Stum TE, Hudspeth AS, Haponik EF. Thoracic complications of dental surgical procedures: Hazards of the dental drill. Am J Med 95: 456-65, 1993.
29. Enwonwu CO, Falkler WA Jr, Idigbe EO, Afolabi BM, Meeks VI. Pathogenesis of cancrum oris (noma): Confounding interactions of malnutrition with infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60: 223-32, 1999.
30. Enwonwu CO, Falkler WA Jr, Savage KO. Noma (cancrum oris): Questions and answers. Oral Dis 5: 144-9, 1999.
31. Falkler WA Jr, Enwonwu CO. Microbiological understandings and mysteries of noma. Oral Dis 5: 150-5, 1999.
32. Fiesseler FW, Richman PB, Riggs RL. Pharyngitis followed by hypoxia and sepsis: Lemierre syndrome. Am J Emerg Med 19: 320-2, 2001.
33. Gerst C, Primrose JM. Septic arthritis of the ankle from Fusobacterium necrophorum. Acad Emerg Med 4: 1172-3, 1997.
34. Golledge CL, Beaman MH, Weeramanthri T, Riley TV. Necrobacillosis - Primary anaerobic septicaemia due to Fusobacterium necrophorum. Aust N Z J Med 20: 152-3, 1990.
35. Golpe R, Marin B, Alonso M. Lemierre's syndrome (necrobacillosis). Postgrad Med J 75: 141-4, 1999.
36. Gong J, Garcia J. Lemierre's syndrome. Eur Radiol 9: 672-4, 1999.
37. Gudinchet F, Maeder P, Neveceral P, Schnyder P. Lemierre's syndrome in children: High-resolution CT and color Doppler sonography patterns. Chest 112: 271-3, 1997.
38. Hagelskjaer Kristensen L, Prag J. Human necrobacillosis, with emphasis on Lemierre's syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 31: 524-32, 2000.
39. Hall V, Duerden BI, Magee JT, Ryley HC, Brazier JS. A comparative study of Fusobacterium necrophorum strains from human and animal sources by phenotypic reactions, pyrolysis mass spectrometry and SDS-PAGE. J Med Microbiol 46: 865-71, 1997.
40. Harar RP, MacDonald A, Pullen D, Ganesan S, Prior AJ. Lemierre's syndrome: Are we underdiagnosing this life-threatening infection? J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 58: 178-81, 1996.
41. Henry S, deMaria A, McCabe WR. Bacteremia due to Fusobacterium species. Am J Med 75: 225-32, 1983.
42. Holland BW, McGuirt WF Jr. Imaging quiz case 2. Lemierre syndrome: Septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein, or "postanginal" sepsis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 126: 1500-4, 2000.
43. Hughes CE, Spear RK, Shinabarger CE, Tuna IC. Septic pulmonary emboli complicating mastoiditis: Lemierre's syndrome revisited. Clin Infect Dis 18: 633-5, 1994.
44. Ieven M, Vael K, De Mayer M, De Schepper A, Pattyn S. Three cases of Fusobacterium necrophorum septicemia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 12: 705-6, 1993.
45. Kasaranas YL, Yim KK, Shuster BB, Lineaweaver WC. Lemierre's syndrome: A case of postanginal septicemia and bilateral flank abscess. Ann Plast Surg 35: 525-8, 1995.
46. Kern W, Dolderer M, Krieger D, Buchler M, Kern P. [Lemierre's syndrome with splenic abscesses.] Dtsch Med Wochenschr 117: 1513-7, 1992.
47. Koay CB, Heyworth T, Burden P. Lemierre syndrome - A forgotten complication of acute tonsillitis. J Laryngol Otol 109: 657-61, 1995.
48. Lau ES, Shuckett R. Fusobacterium septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint. J Rheumatol 20: 1979-81, 1993.
49. Lee BK, Lopez F, Genovese M, Loutit JS. Lemierre's syndrome. South Med J 90: 640-3, 1997.
50. Lemierre A. On certain septicemias due to anaerobic organisms. Lancet 1: 701-3, 1936.
51. Leugers CM, Clover R. Lemierre's syndrome: Postanginal sepsis. J Am Board Fam Pract 8: 384-91, 1995.
52. Lustig RL, Cusick BC, Cheung SW, Lee KC. Lemierre's syndrome: Two cases of postanginal sepsis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 112: 767-72, 1995.
53. Mane S, Torres M, Buges J, Rivas A, Bruno C, Rodriguez E, Martinez JA, Nubiola A. Scintigraphic demonstration of jugular obstruction in a case of Lemierre syndrome. Clin Nucl Med 17: 233-5, 1992.
54. Marangos MN, Fuchs-Ertman DA, Kourea HP, Meureer KJ, Lerwick PA, Zimmerman SH, Valenti AJ. Cerebral infarct and adult respiratory distress syndrome in a patient with postanginal sepsis. Clin Microbiol Infect 6: 337-9, 2000.
55. Martin MJ, Wrigth ED. A case of Fusobacterium necrophorum sepsis. J Infect 31: 151-2, 1995.
56. McLean AS, Tyler K. Cardiac tamponade in a postpartum woman with Lemierre's syndrome. Anaesth Intensive Care 26: 582-3, 1998.
57. Moller K, Dreijer B. Post-anginal sepsis (Lemierre's disease): A persistent challenge. Presentation of 4 cases. Scand J Infect Dis 29: 191-4, 1997.
58. Moore-Gillon J, Lee TH, Eykyn SJ, Phillips I. Necrobacillosis: A forgotten disease. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 288: 1526-7, 1984.
59. Mukau L. Dissecting retropharyngeal abscess due to Fusobacterium necrophorum in an adult. South Med J 78: 476-8, 1985.
60. Nakamura S, Sadoshima S, Doi Y, Yoshioka M, Yamashita S Gotoh H, Onoyama K. Internal jugular vein thrombosis, Lemierre's syndrome; oropharyngeal infection with antibiotic and anticoagulation therapy - A case report. Angiology 51: 195-9, 2000.
61. Narsinghani U, Schmidt MB, Jacobs PF, Anand KS. Radiological case of the month: Lemierre syndrome. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 155: 965-6, 2001.
62. Nuermberger E. Case Rounds. Case 17: A Previously Healthy 23 Year-old Woman with Sepsis. http://hopkins-id.edu/education/id_caserounds/caserounds17.html; posted 4/7/2000.
63. Ockrim J, Kettlewell S, Gray GR. Lemierre's syndrome. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2: 168-73, 2000.
64. Page Y, Comtet C, Tardy B, Zeni F, Thevenet D, Lucht F, Bertrand JC. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in fusobacterium nacrophorum septicemia. Scand J Infect Dis 22: 743-7, 1990.
65. Pickering MC, Barkham T, Mason JC, Shaunak S, Davies KA. Bilateral gluteal abscesses as a unique manifestation of Fusobacterium septicemia. Rheumatology (Oxford) 39: 224-5, 2000.
66. Ray J, O'Gradaigh D, Tighe R. A young man with a characteristic syndrome. Postgrad Med J 76: 51-2, 2000.
67. Screaton NJ, Ravenel JG, Lehner PJ, Heitzman ER, Flower CD. Lemierre syndrome: Forgotten but not extinct - Report of four cases. Radiology 213: 369-74, 1999.
68. Seidenfeld SM, Sutker WL, Luby JP. Fusobacterium necrophorum septicemia following oropharyngeal infection. JAMA 248: 1348-50, 1982.
69. Sena S, Rosenfeld DL, Santos S, Keller I. Jugular thrombophlebitis complicating bacterial pharyngitis (Lemierre's syndrome). Pediatr Radiol 26: 141-4, 1996.
70. Shadowen RD, Trevor RP. Lemierre's postanginal septicemia: Internal jugular vein thrombosis related to pharyngeal infection. South Med J 82: 1583-4, 1989.
71. Shaham D, Sklair-Levy M, Weinberger G, Gomori JM. Lemierre's syndrome presenting as multiple lung abscesses. Clin Imaging 24: 197-9, 2000.
72. Shaman D, Sklair-Levy M, Weinberger G, Gomori JM. Lemierre's syndrome presenting as multiple lung abscesses. Clin Imaging 24: 197-9, 2000.
73. Shinjo T, Misawa N, Goto Y. Comparison of haemolytic activity between Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme in vitro and in vivo. APMIS 104: 75-8, 1996.
74. Sinave CP, Hardy GJ, Fardy PW. The Lemierre syndrome: Suppurative thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein secondary to oropharyngeal infection. Medicine (Baltimore) 68: 85-94, 1989.
75. Singhal A, Kerstein MD. Lemierre's syndrome. South Med J 94: 886-7, 2001.
76. Sinnott JT 4th, Wheedon C, Schwartz M, Villanueva L. Postanginal sepsis: A pain in the neck. Postgrad Med 86: 77-8, 81-2, 1989.
77. Smith GR, Thornton EA. Classification of human and animal strains of Fusobacterium necrophorum by their pathogenic effects in mice. J Med Microbiol 46: 879-82, 1997.
78. Smith SA. Respiratory failure as a complication of pharyngitis: Lemierre's syndrome. Pediatr Emerg Care 159: 402-3, 1999.
79. Soave RL, Kuchar DJ. Bilateral forefoot gangrene secondary to Lemierre's disease. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 91: 147-9, 2001.
80. Spelman D. Suppurative (Septic) Thrombophlebitis. Up To Date Feb. 28, 2000.
81. Stahlman GC, DeBoer DK, Green NE. Fusobacterium osteomyelitis and pyarthrosis: A classic case of Lemierre's syndrome. J Pediatr Orthop 16: 529-32, 1996.
82. Stallworth JR, Carroll JM. Lemierre's syndrome: New insights into an old disease. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 36: 5-9, 1997.
83. Stokroos RJ, Manni JJ, de Kruijk JR, Soudijin ER. Lemierre syndrome and acute mastoiditis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 125: 589-91, 1999.
84. Tewfik TL, Husein M, Shapiro RS, Oudjhane K. Lemierre syndrome in an immunocompromised patient. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 51: 195-9, 1999.
85. Turay UY, Erdogan Y, Ergun P, Biber C, Ciftci B, Ayaz A. Lemierre's syndrome. Respirology 6: 171-3, 2001.
86. Vandenberg SJ, Harting GK. Lemierre's syndrome. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 119: 516-8, 1998.
87. Venkatamaran MT, Policar M. Fever, sore throat, and pulmonary infiltrates in a 20-year old man. Chest 112: 268-70, 1997.
88. Vogel LC, Boyer KM. Metastatic complications of Fusobacterium necrephorum sepsis. Am J Dis Child 134: 356-8, 1980.
89. Vohra A, Saiz E, Ratzan KR. A young woman with a sore throat, septicaemia, and respiratory failure. Lancet 350: 928, 1997.
90. Weesner CL, Cisek JE. Lemierre syndrome: The forgotten disease. Ann Emerg Med 22: 256-8, 1993.
91. Williams A, Nagy M, Wingate J, Bailey L, Wax M. Lemierre syndrome: A complication of acute pharyngitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 45: 51-7, 1998.
92. Wolf RF, Konings JG, Prins TR, Weits J. Fusobacterium pyomyositis of the shoulder after tonsillitis. Report of a case of Lemierre's syndrome. Acta Orthop Scand 62: 595-6, 1991.
93. Zapor M, Fraser SL. A 47-year old man with a sore throat. Cleve Clin J Med 68: 605-6, 2001.