Prostate biopsy status and PSA nadir level as early surrogates for treatment failure: Analysis of a prostate cancer randomized radiation dose escalation trial

International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics

Volumn 54, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 677-685

  Pollack, Alan ^a,b   Zagars, Gunar K ^a   Antolak, John A ^a   Kuban, Deborah A ^a   Rosen, Isaac I ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

^b FOX CHASE CANCER CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Prostate biopsy; Prostate specific antigen nadir; Radiation dose

Indexed keywords

BIOCHEMISTRY; BIOPSY; RADIOTHERAPY; TUMORS;

CLINICAL FAILURE;

ONCOLOGY;

PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN;

ARTICLE; BEAM THERAPY; CALCULATION; CANCER CELL; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER STAGING; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE BIOPSY; PROSTATE CARCINOMA; RADIATION DOSE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TREATMENT FAILURE; TREATMENT PLANNING;

AGED; BIOPSY; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; COHORT STUDIES; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, RADIATION; HUMANS; MALE; PROGNOSIS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; PROSTATE; PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; RADIOTHERAPY DOSAGE; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT FAILURE;

EID: 0036837320     PISSN: 03603016     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)02977-2     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Cox J.D., Kline R.W. Do prostatic biopsies 12 months or more after external irradiation for adenocarcinoma, Stage III, predict long-term survival? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 9:1983;299-303.
2. Zagars G.K. Prostate-specific antigen as a prognostic factor for prostate cancer treated by external beam radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 23:1992;47-53.
3. American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology Consensus Panel . Consensus statements on radiation therapy of prostate cancer Guidelines for prostate re-biopsy after radiation and for radiation therapy with rising prostate-specific antigen levels after radical prostatectomy . J Clin Oncol. 17:1999;1155-1163.
4. Crook J., Malone S., Perry G., et al. Postradiotherapy prostate biopsies What do they really mean? Results for 498 patients . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 48:2000;355-367.
5. Kavadi V.S., Zagars G.K., Pollack A. Serum prostate-specific antigen after radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer Prognostic implications . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 30:1994;279-287.
6. Critz F.A., Williams W.H., Holladay C.T., et al. Post-treatment PSA < or = 0.2 ng/mL defines disease freedom after radiotherapy for prostate cancer using modern techniques. Urology. 54:1999;968-971.
7. Vicini F.A., Kestin L.L., Martinez A.A. The correlation of serial prostate specific antigen measurements with clinical outcome after external beam radiation therapy of patients for prostate carcinoma. Cancer. 88:2000;2305-2318.
8. Zelefsky M.J., Fuks Z., Hunt M., et al. High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 166:2001;876-881.
9. Hankey B.F., Feuer E.J., Clegg L.X., et al. Cancer surveillance series Interpreting trends in prostate cancer incidence, mortality and survival rates . J Natl Cancer Inst. 91:1999;1017-1024.
10. Amling C.L., Blute M.L., Lerner S.E., et al. Influence of prostate-specific antigen testing on the spectrum of patients with prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy at a large referral practice. Mayo Clin Proc. 73:1998;401-406.
11. Jhaveri F.M., Klein E.A., Kupelian P.A., et al. Declining rates of extracapsular extension after radical prostatectomy Evidence for continued stage migration . J Clin Oncol. 17:1999;3167-3172.
12. Pollack A., Zagars G.K., Starkschall G., et al. Conventional versus conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer Preliminary results of dosimetry and acute toxicity . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 34:1996;555-564.
13. Pollack A., Zagars G.K., Smith L.G., et al. Preliminary results of a randomized radiotherapy dose-escalation study comparing 70 Gy with 78 Gy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 18:2000;3904-3911.
14. Pollack A., Zagars G.K., Starkschall G., et al. Prostate cancer radiation dose response Results of the M.D. Anderson phase III randomized trial . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 53:2002;1097-1105.
15. Fleming I.D., Cooper J.S. AJCC 1992 staging system. 1997;219-224 Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia.
16. American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology Consensus Panel . Consensus statement Guidelines for PSA following radiation therapy . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 37:1997;1035-1041.
17. Harris E.K., Albert A. Survivorship analysis for clinical studies. 1991;5-125 Marcel Dekker, New York.
18. Cox D.R., Oakes D. Analysis of survival data. 1984;110-120 Chapman and Hall, London.
19. Critz F.A., Levinson K., Williams W.H., et al. Prostate-specific antigen nadir of 0.5 ng/mL or less defines disease freedom for surgically staged men irradiated for prostate cancer. Urology. 49:1997;668-672.
20. Crook J.M., Choan E., Perry G.A., et al. Serum prostate-specific antigen profile following radiotherapy for prostate cancer Implications for patterns of failure and definition of cure . Urology. 51:1998;566-572.
21. Kestin L.L., Vicini F.A., Ziaja E.L., et al. Defining biochemical cure for prostate carcinoma patients treated with external beam radiation therapy. Cancer. 86:1999;1557-1566.
22. American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Hanlon A.L., Hanks G.E. Scrutiny of the ASTRO consensus definition of biochemical failure in irradiated prostate cancer patients demonstrates its usefulness and robustness. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 46:2000;559-566.
23. Perez C.A., Michalski J.M., Lockett M.A. Chemical disease-free survival in localized carcinoma of prostate treated with external beam irradiation Comparison of American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology consensus or 1 ng/mL as end point . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 49:2001;1287-1296.
24. Kattan M.W., Fearn P.A., Leibel S., et al. The definition of biochemical failure in patients treated with definitive radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 48:2000;1469-1474.
25. Taylor J.M., Griffith K.A., Sandler H.M. Definitions of biochemical failure in prostate cancer following radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 50:2001;1212-1219.
26. Zagars G.K., Kavadi V.S., Pollack A., et al. The source of pretreatment serum prostate-specific antigen in clinically localized prostate cancer - T, N, or M? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 32:1995;21-32.
27. Zagars G.K., Pollack A., von Eschenbach A.C. Prostate cancer and radiation therapy - The message conveyed by serum prostate-specific antigen. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 33:1995;23-35.
28. Rhamy R.K., Wilson S.K., Caldwell W.L. Biopsy-proved tumor following definitive irradiation for resectable carcinoma of the prostate. J Urol. 107:1972;627-630.
29. Cox J.D., Kline R.W. The lack of prognostic significance of biopsies after radiotherapy for prostatic cancer. Semin Urol. 4:1983;237-242.
30. Herr H.W., Whitmore W.F. Jr. Significance of prostatic biopsies after radiation therapy for carcinoma of the prostate. Prostate. 3:1982;339-350.
31. 125iodine implant or external beam radiation therapy. J Urol. 137:1987;897-901.
32. Crook J.M., Perry G.A., Robertson S., et al. Routine prostate biopsies following radiotherapy for prostate cancer Results for 226 patients . Urology. 45:1995;624-632.
33. Crook J.M., Bahadur Y.A., Bociek R.G., et al. Radiotherapy for localized prostate carcinoma The correlation of pretreatment prostate specific antigen and nadir prostate specific antigen with outcome as assessed by systematic biopsy and serum prostate specific antigen . Cancer. 79:1997;328-336.
34. Crook J.M., Bahadur Y.A., Robertson S.J., et al. Evaluation of radiation effect, tumor differentiation, and prostate specific antigen staining in sequential prostate biopsies after external beam radiotherapy for patients with prostate carcinoma. Cancer. 79:1997;81-89.
35. Scardino P.T., Wheeler T.M. Local control of prostate cancer with radiotherapy Frequency and prognostic significance of positive results of postirradiation prostate biopsy . NCI Monogr. (No. 7):1988;95-103.
36. Dugan T.C., Shipley W.U., Young R.H., et al. Biopsy after external beam radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate Correlation with original histological grade and current prostate specific antigen levels . J Urol. 146:1991;1313-1316.
37. Kuban D.A., el-Mahdi A.M., Schellhammer P. The significance of post-irradiation prostate biopsy with long-term follow-up. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 24:1992;409-414.
38. Prestidge B.R., Kaplan I., Cox R.S., et al. The clinical significance of a positive post-irradiation prostatic biopsy without metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 24:1992;403-408.
39. Vicini F.A., Kestin L.L., Martinez A.A. The importance of adequate follow-up in defining treatment success after external beam irradiation for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 45:1999;553-561.
40. Connell P.P., Ignacio L., McBride R.B., et al. Caution in interpreting biochemical control rates after treatment of prostate cancer Length of follow-up influences results . Urology. 54:1999;875-879.
41. Zagars G.K., Pollack A. Kinetics of serum prostate-specific antigen after external beam radiation for clinically localized prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol. 44:1997;213-221.
42. Hanlon A.L., Pinover W.H., Horwitz E.M., et al. Patterns and fate of PSA bouncing following 3D-CRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 50:2001;845-849.
43. Zietman A.L., Tibbs M.K., Dallow K.C., et al. Use of PSA nadir to predict subsequent biochemical outcome following external beam radiation therapy for T1-2 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Radiother Oncol. 40:1996;159-162.
44. Lee W.R., Hanlon A.L., Hanks G.E. Prostate specific antigen nadir following external beam radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer The relationship between nadir level and disease-free survival . J Urol. 156:(2 Pt 1):1996;450-453.
45. Martinez A.A., Kestin L.L., Stromberg J.S., et al. Interim report of image-guided conformal high-dose-rate brachytherapy for patients with unfavorable prostate cancer The William Beaumont phase II dose-escalating trial . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 47:2000;343-352.
46. Ragde H., Grado G.L., Nadir B.S. Brachytherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer Thirteen-year disease-free survival of 769 consecutive prostate cancer patients treated with permanent implants alone . Arch Esp Urol. 54:2001;739-747.