Effects of experimental small-schwa grassland fragmentation on the extent of grazing damage in Trifolium repens seedlings

Acta Oecologica

Volumn 23, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 329-336

  Ledergerber, Stephan ^a   Dolt, Claudine ^a   Zschokke, Samuel ^a   Baur, Bruno ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BASEL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Calcareous grassland; Gastropods; Grasshoppers; Habitat fragmentation; Herbivory

Indexed keywords

CALCAREOUS GRASSLAND; GRASSHOPPER; GRAZING; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; HERBIVORY;

TRIFOLIUM REPENS;

EID: 0036811887     PISSN: 1146609X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1146-609X(02)01162-1     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Baur, B., Joshi, J., Schmid, B., Hänggi, A., Borcard, D., Stary, J., et al., 1996. Variation in species richness of plants and diverse groups of invertebrates in three calcareous grasslands of the Swiss Jura Mountains. Rev. Suisse Zool. 103, 801-833.
2. Benitez-Malvido, J., Garcia-Guzman, G., Kossmann-Ferraz, I.D., 1999. Leaf-fungal incidence and herbivory on tree seedlings in tropical rainforest fragments: An experimental study. Biol. Conserv. 91, 143-150.
3. Boag, D.A., 1982. Overcoming sampling bias in studies of terrestrial gastropods. Can. J. Zool. 60, 1289-1292.
4. Brown, K.S.J., 1991. Conservation of neotropical environments: Insects as indicators. In: Collins, N.M., Thomas, J.A. (Eds.), The Conservation of Insects and their Habitats. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 350-404.
5. Cameron, R.A.D., 1970a. The effect of temperature on the activity of three species of helicid snail (Mollusca: Gastropoda). J. Zool. Lond. 162, 303-315.
6. Cameron, R.A.D., 1970b. The survival, weight-loss and behaviour of three species of land snail in conditions of low humidity. J. Zool. Lond. 160, 143-157.
7. Cappuccino, N., Martin, M.A., 1997. The birch tube-maker Acrobasis betulella in a fragmented habitat: The importance of patch isolation and edges. Oecologia 110, 69-76.
8. Cottam, D.A., 1985. Frequency-dependent grazing by slugs and grasshoppers. J. Ecol. 73, 925-933.
9. Crawley, M.J., 1983. The Dynamics of Plant-Animal Interactions. Blackwell, Oxford.
10. Crawley, M.J., 1988. Herbivores and plant population dynamics. In: Davy, A.J., Hutchings, M.J., Watkinson, A.R. (Eds.), Plant Population Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, pp. 367-392.
11. Dawson, C.D.R., 1941. Tetrasomic inheritance in Lotus corniculatus L. J. Genet. 42, 49-72.
12. Didham, R.K., Ghazoul, J., Stork, N.E., Davis, A.J., 1996. Insects in fragmented forests: A functional approach. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11, 255-260.
13. Diffendorfer, J.E., Gaines, M.S., Holt, R.D., 1995. Habitat fragmentation and movements of three small mammals (Sigmodon, Microtus, and Peromyscus). Ecology 76, 827-839.
14. Dolt, C., 2001. Effects of Small-Scale Grassland Fragmentation on Plants and Plant-Animal Interactions. Ph.D. thesis, University of Basel.
15. Fenner, M., Hanley, M.E., Lawrence, R., 1999. Comparison of seedling and adult palatability in annual and perennial plants. Funct. Ecol. 13, 546-551.
16. Forman, R.T.T., Godron, M., 1986. Landscape Ecology. John Wiley, New York.
17. Frankel, O.H., Soulè, M.E., 1981. Conservation and Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
18. Frömming, E., 1954. Biologie der mitteleuropäiischen Landgastropoden. Duncker und Humblot, Berlin.
19. Gilpin, M.E., Soulè, M.E., 1986. Minimum viable population sizes: Processes of species extinctions. In: Soulè, M.E. (Ed.), Conservation Biologyn - The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland MA, pp. 19-34.
20. Gough, L., Grace, J.B., 1998. Herbivore effects on plant species density at varying productivity levels. Ecology 79, 1586-1594.
21. Hanley, M.E., Fenner, M., Edwards, P.J., 1995. a. The effect of seedling age on the likelihood of herbivory by the slug Deroceras reticulatum. Funct. Ecol. 9, 754-759.
22. Hanley, M.E., Fenner, M., Edwards, P.J., 1995. b. An experimental field study of the effects of mollusc grazing on seedling recruitment and survival in grassland. J. Ecol. 83, 621-627.
23. Hanley, M.E., Fenner, M., Edwards, P.J., 1996. Mollusc grazing and seedling survivorship of four common grassland plant species: The role of gap size, species and season. Acta Oecol. 17, 331-341.
24. Hanski, I., 1994. Patch-occupancy dynamics in fragmented landscapes. Trends Ecol. Evol. 9, 131-135.
25. Harrison, S., 1991. Local extinction in a metapopulation context: An empirical evaluation. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 42, 73-88.
26. Horrill, J.C., Richards, A.J., 1986. Differential grazing by the mollusc Arion hortensis Fér. on cyanogenic and acyanogenic seedlings of the white clover, Trifolium repens. L. Heredity 56, 277-281.
27. Hulme, P.E., 1994. Seedling herbivory in grassland: Relative impact of vertebrate and invertebrate herbivores. J. Ecol. 82, 873-880.
28. Hulme, P.E., 1996. Herbivores and the performance of grassland plants: A comparison of arthropod, mollusc and rodent herbivory. J. Ecol. 84, 43-51.
29. Jennersten, O., 1988. Pollination in Dianthus deltoides (Caryophyllaceae): Effects of habitat fragmentation on visitation and seed set. Conserv. Biol. 2, 359-366.
30. Kareiva, P., 1987. Habitat fragmentation and the stability of predator-prey interactions. Nature 326, 388-390.
31. Kareiva, P., Wennergren, U., 1995. Connecting landscape patterns to ecosystem and population processes. Nature 373, 299-302.
32. Kruess, A., Tscharntke, T., 1994. Habitat fragmentation, species loss, and biological control. Science 264, 1581-1584.
33. Ledergerber, S., 1998. Effects of Environmental Changes on Plant-Invertebrate Interactions. PhD thesis, University of Basel.
34. 2-enrichment experiment on calcareous grassland. Acta Oecol. 18, 255-261.
35. Lei, G.C., Hanski, I., 1997. Metapopulation structure of Cotesia melitaearum, a specialist parasitoid of the butterfly Melitaea cinxia. Oikos 78, 91-100.
36. Lord, J.M., Norton, D.A., 1990. Scale and the spatial concept of fragmentation. Conserv. Biol. 4, 197-202.
37. Lovejoy, T.E., Bierregaard, R.O.J., Rylands, A.B., Malcolm, J.R., Brown, K.S., Quintela, C.E., et al., 1986. Edge and other effects of isolation on Amazon forest fragments. In: Soulé, M.E. (Ed.), Conservation Biology - The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland MA, pp. 257-285.
38. Margules, C.R., Milkovits, G.A., Smith, G.T., 1994. Contrasting effects of habitat fragmentation on the scorpion Cercophonius squama and an amphipod. Ecology 75, 2033-2042.
39. Meiners, S.J., Handel, S.N., Pickett, T.A., 2000. Tree seedling establishment under insect herbivory: Edge effects and interannual variation. Plant Ecol. 151, 161-170.
40. Oggier, P., 1999. Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on the Population Dynamics of Land Snail Species. Ph.D. thesis, University of Basel.
41. Oggier, P., Zschokke, S., Baur, B., 1998. A comparison of three methods for assessing the gastropod community in dry grasslands. Pedobiologia 42, 348-357.
42. Olff, H., Ritchie, E., 1998. Effects of herbivores on grassland plant diversity. Trends Ecol. Evol. 13, 261-265.
43. Quinn, J.F., Hastings, A., 1987. Extinction in subdivided habitats. Conserv. Biol. 1, 198-208.
44. Robinson, G.R., Holt, R.D., Gaines, M.S., Hamburg, S.P., Johnson, M.L., Fitch, H.S., et al., 1992. Diverse and contrasting effects of habitat fragmentation. Science 257, 524-526.
45. Roland, J., 1993. Large-scale forest fragmentation increases the duration of tent caterpillar outbreak. Oecologia 95, 25-30.
46. SAS Institute, 1990. SAS/STAT User's Guide: Version 6. SAS Institute, Cary NC.
47. SAS Institute, 1998. Statview. SAS Institute Inc, Cary NC.
48. Saunders, D.A., Hobbs, R.J., Margules, C.R., 1991. Biological consequences of ecosystem fragmentation: A review. Conserv. Biol. 5, 18-32.
49. Seitz, A., Loeschcke, V., 1991. Species Conservation: A Population-Biological Approach. Birkhäuser, Basel.
50. Shaffer, M.L., 1981. Minimum population siizes for species conservation Bioscience 31, 131-134.
51. Simberloff, D., 1988. The contribution of population and community biology to conservation science. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 19, 473-511.
52. Sork, V.L., Stowe, K.A., Hochwender, C., 1993. Evidence for local adaptation in closely adjacent subpopulations of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) expressed as resistance to leaf herbivores. Am. Nat. 142, 928-936.
53. Soulé, M.E., 1986. Conservation Biology - The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland MA.
54. South, A., 1992. Terrestrial Slugs: Biology, Ecology and Control. Chapman & Hall, London.
55. Thomas, C.D., Thomas, J.A., Warren, M.S., 1992. Distributions of occupied and vacant butterfly habitats in fragmented landscapes. Oecologia 92, 563-567.
56. Wiens, J.A., 1989. Spatial scaling in ecology. Funct. Ecol. 3, 385-397.
57. Wiens, J.A., 1994. Habitat fragmentation: Island versus landscape perspectives on bird conservation. Ibis 137 (Suppl), 97-104.
58. Wilcove, D.S., McLellan, C.H., Dobson, A.P., 1986. Habitat fragmentation in the temperate zone. In: Soulé, M.E. (Ed.), Conservation Biology - The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland MA, pp. 237-256.
59. Zoller, H., 1947. Studien an Bromus erectus - Trockenrasengesellschaften in der Nordwestschweiz, speziell im Blauengebiet. Ber. Geobot. Inst. ETH 1946, 51-81.
60. Zschokke, S., Dolt, C., Rusterholz, H.P., Oggier, P., Braschler, B., Thommen, G.H., et al., 2000. Short-term responses of plants and invertebrates to experimental small-scale grassland fragmentation. Oecologia 125, 559-572.