Hirudin in acute coronary syndromes

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis

Volumn 28, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 459-465

  Van de Loo, Andreas ^a   Bode, Christoph ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Balloon angioplasty; Heparin; Hirudin; Myocardial infarction; Unstable coronary syndrome

Indexed keywords

ABCIXIMAB; ALTEPLASE; EPTIFIBATIDE; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; HEPARIN; HIRUDIN; HIRULOG; RECOMBINANT HIRUDIN; STREPTOKINASE; THROMBIN INHIBITOR; TIROFIBAN;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; BLEEDING; BOLUS INJECTION; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INFUSION; DRUG SAFETY; FIBRINOLYTIC THERAPY; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESTENOSIS; REVIEW; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS;

ANGIOPLASTY, BALLOON; CLINICAL TRIALS; CORONARY DISEASE; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENTS; HEPARIN; HIRUDIN THERAPY; HUMANS; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; THROMBOCYTOPENIA;

EID: 0036801692     PISSN: 00946176     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-35287     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Ambrose JA, Winters SL, Stern A. Angiographic morphology and the pathogenesis of unstable angina pectoris. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985;5:609-616
2. Ahmed WH, Bittl JA, Braunwald E. Relation between clinical presentation and angiographic findings in unstable angina pectoris, and comparison with that in stable angina. Am J Cardiol 1993;72:544-550
3. Gotoh K, Minamino T, Katoh O, et al. The role of intracoronary thrombus in unstable angina: Angiographic assessment and thrombolytic therapy during ongoing anginal attacks. Circulation 1988;77:526-534
4. Falk E. Unstable angina with fatal outcome. Dynamic coronary thrombosis leading to infarction and/or sudden death: Autopsy evidence of recurrent mural thrombosis with peripheral embolization culminating in total vascular occlusion. Circulation 1985;71:699-708
5. Davies MJ, Thomas C, Knapman PA, Hangartner JR. Intramyocardial platelet aggregation in patients with unstable angina suffering ischemic cardiac death. Circulation 1986;73:418-427
6. Davies MJ, Thomas C. Plaque fissuring: The cause of acute myocardial infarction, sudden ischemic death, and crescendo angina. Br Heart J 1985;53:363-373
7. GUSTO angiographic investigators. The comparative effects of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, or both on coronary artery patency, ventricular function and survival after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1615-1622
8. Ohman EM, Califf RM, Topol EJ, et al. Consequences of reocclusion after reperfusion therapy in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1990;82:781-791
9. Meijer A, Verheugt FWA, Werter CJPJ, et al. Aspirin versus coumadin in the prevention of reocclusion and recurrent ischemia after successful thrombolysis: a prospective placebo-controlled angiographic study. Results of the Apricot study. Circulation 1993;87:1524-1530
10. Braunwald E, Mark DB, Joes RH, et al. Unstable Angina: Diagnosis and Management. Clinical Practice Guidelines Number 10. Washington, DC: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1994:154
11. Landau C, Lange RA, Hillis LD. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. N Engl J Med 1994;330:981-993
12. De Feyter PJ, van de Brand M, Jaarman G, et al. Acute coronary artery occlusion during and after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Frequency, prediction, clinical course, management, and follow-up. Circulation 1991;83:927-936
13. Theroux P, Quimet H, McCans J, et al. Aspirin, heparin or both to treat unstable angina. N Engl J Med 1988;319:1105-1011
14. Harker LA. Pathogenesis of thrombosis. In: William WJ, Beutler E, Erslev AJ, Lichtman MA, eds. Hematology, 4th ed. Vol 1. New York: McGraw Hill; 1990:1559-1566
15. Hirsh J. Heparin. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1565-1574
16. Weitz JI, Hudoba M, Massel D, et al. Clot-bound thrombin is protected from inhibition by heparin-antithrombin III but is susceptible to inactivation by antithrombin III-independent inhibitors. J Clin Invest 1990;86:385-391
17. Sharma GV, Lapsley DE, Vita JA, et al. Safety and efficacy of hirulog in patients with unstable angina. Circulation 1992;I(Suppl 1):385 (Abst)
18. Lidon R, Therouy P, Juneau M, et al. Initial experience with a direct antithrombin, hirulog, in unstable angina: Anticoagulant, antithrombotic and clinical effects. Circulation 1993;88:1495-1501
19. Fuchs J, McCabe C, Antman EM, et al. Hirulog in the treatment of unstable angina: Results of the TIMI 7 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994:23:56 (Abst)
20. Topol EJ, Fuster V, Harrington RA, et al. Recombinant hirudin for unstable angina pectoris. Circulation 1994;89:1557-1566
21. OASIS investigators. Comparison of the effects of two doses of recombinant hirudin compared with heparin in patients with acute myocardial ischemia without ST elevation: A pilot study. Circulation 1997;96:769-777
22. Flather MD, Weitz JI, Yusuf S, et al. Reactivation of coagulation after stopping infusions of recombinant hirudin and unfractionated heparin in unstable angina and myocardial infarction without ST-elevations: Results of a randomised trial. Eur Heart J 2000;21:1473-1481
23. OASIS-2 investigators. Effects of recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) compared with heparin on death, myocardial infarction, refractory angina, and revascularization procedures in patients with acute myocardial ischemia without ST elevation: A randomised trial. Lancet 1999;353:429-438
24. Mruk JS, Zoldhelyi P, Webster WI, et al. Does antithrombotic therapy influence residual thrombus after thrombolysis of platelet-rich thrombus? Circulation 1995;93:792-799
25. Cannon CP, McCabe CH, Henry TD, et al. A pilot trial of recombinant desulfatohirudin compared with heparin in conjunction with tissue-type plasminogen activator and aspirin for acute myocardial infarction: Results of the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 5 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;23:993-1003
26. Lee LV. Initial experience with hirudin and streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction: Results of the thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction (TIMI 6) trial. Am J Cardiol 1995;75:7-13
27. Zeymer U, von Essen R, Tebbe U, et al. Recombinant hirudin and front loaded alteplase in acute myocardial infarction: Final result of a pilot study. HIT-1. Eur Heart J 1995;16(Suppl D): D22-D27
28. Von Essen R, Zeymer U, Tebbe U, et al. HBW023 (recombinant hirudin) for the acceleration of thrombolysis and prevention of coronary reocclusion in acute myocardial infarction: Results of a dose finding study (HIT-2) by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Leitender Kardiologischer Krankenhausaerzte. Coron Artery Dis 1998;9:265-272
29. Antman EM for the TIMI 9a investigators. Hirudin in acute myocardial infarction: Safety report from the thrombolysis and thrombin inhibition in myocardial infarction (TIMI 9a) trial. Circulation 1994;90:1624-1630
30. Antman EM for the TIMI 9b investigators. Hirudin in acute myocardial infarction: Thrombolysis and thrombin inhibition in myocardial infarction (TIMI 9b) trial. Circulation 1996;94:911-921
31. Neuhaus KL, von Essen R, Tebbe U, et al. Safety observation from the pilot phase of the randomised r-hirudin for improvement of thrombolysis (HIT-III) study. Circulation 1994;90:1638-1642
32. Neuhaus KL, Molhoek GP, Zeymer U, et al. Recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) for the improvement of thrombolysis with streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction: Results of the HIT-4 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;34:966-973
33. The GUSTO IIa investigators. Randomised trial of intravenous heparin versus recombinant hirudin for acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 1994;90:1631-1337
34. The GUSTO IIb investigators. A comparison of recombinant hirudin with heparin for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 1996;335:775-785
35. Cannon CP, Braunwald E. Hirudin: initial results in acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina and angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;25(Suppl 7):30S-37S
36. HERO-2 investigators. Thrombin specific anticoagulation with bivalirudin versus heparin in patients receiving fibrinolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: The HERO-2 randomised trial. Lancet 2001;358:1855-1863
37. Zoldhelyi P, Webster MWI, Fuster V, et al. Recombinant hirudin in patients with chronic stable coronary artery disease: Safety, half life and effect on coagulation parameters. Circulation 1993;88:2015-2022
38. Cannon CP, Maragonore JM, Losalco J. Anticoagulant effects of hirulog, a novel thrombin inhibitor, in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1993;71:778-782
39. Topol EJ, Bonan R, Jewit D, et al. Use of a direct antithrombin, hirulog, in place of heparin, during coronary angioplasty. Circulation 1993;87:1622-1629
40. Van de Bos AA, Deckers JW, Heyndrick GR, et al. Safety and efficacy of recombinant hirudin (CGP 39 393) versus heparin in patients with stable angina undergoing coronary angioplasty. Circulation 1993;88:2058-2066
41. Stein B, Fuster V, Israel DH. Platelet inhibitor agents in cardiovascular disease: An update. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989;14:813-836
42. Serruys PW, Herrman JP, Simon R, et al. Comparison of hirudin with heparin in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. N Engl J Med 1995;333:757-763
43. Bittl JA, Strony J, Brinker JA, et al for the Hirulog Angioplasty Study investigators. Treatment with bivalirudin (hirulog) as compared to heparin during coronary angioplasty for unstable or postinfarction angina. N Engl J Med 1995;333:764-769
44. Guidelines 2000 for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation 2000;102(Suppl):I-1-I-380
45. Topol EJ, Byszova TV. Platelet GP IIb/IIIa-blockers. Lancet 1999;353:227-231
46. The Direct Thrombin Inhibitor Trialists Collaborative Group. Direct thrombin inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: Principal results of a meta-analysis based on individual patients data. Lancet 2002;359:294-302