Twenty-five years of clinical research for patients with limited-stage small cell lung carcinoma in North America: Meaningful improvements in survival

Cancer

Volumn 95, Issue 7, 2002, Pages 1528-1538

  Jänne, Pasi A ^a,g   Freidlin, Boris ^b   Saxman, Scott ^c   Johnson, David H ^d   Livingston, Robert B ^e   Shepherd, Frances A ^f   Johnson, Bruce E ^a,g  

^a DANA FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

^c NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^d VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^f PRINCESS MARGARET HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^g BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Limited stage; Lung neoplasm; Randomized; Small cell lung carcinoma

Indexed keywords

ALTRETAMINE; BCG VACCINE; CISPLATIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOXORUBICIN; ETOPOSIDE; FLUOROURACIL; MEGESTROL ACETATE; METHOTREXATE; PROCARBAZINE; RECOMBINANT GAMMA INTERFERON; RECOMBINANT GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; VINCRISTINE;

ARTICLE; CANCER COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RESEARCH; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL TRIAL; DATA BASE; HUMAN; LUNG SMALL CELL CANCER; META ANALYSIS; NORTH AMERICA; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SURVIVAL TIME;

ADULT; AGED; CARCINOMA, SMALL CELL; CLINICAL TRIALS, PHASE III; FEMALE; HUMANS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROGNOSIS; RESEARCH; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEER PROGRAM; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0036785452     PISSN: 0008543X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.10841     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Pignon JP, Arriagada R, Ihde DC, et al. A meta-analysis of thoracic radiotherapy for small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:1618-1624.
2. Turrisi AT, Kim K, Blum R, et al. Twice-daily compared with once-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited small-cell lung cancer treated concurrently with cisplatin and etoposide. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:265-271.
3. Mountain CF. Assessment of the role of surgery for control of lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1977;24:365-373.
4. Fox W, Scadding JG. Medical Research Council comparative trial of surgery and radiotherapy for primary treatment of small-celled or oat-celled carcinoma of bronchus. Ten-year follow-up. Lancet. 1973;2:63-65.
5. Perry MC, Eaton WL, Propert KJ, et al. Chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy in limited small-cell carcinoma of the lung. N Engl J Med. 1987;316:912-918.
6. Bunn PA, Lichter AS, Makuch RW, et al. Chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy with chest radiation therapy in limited stage small cell lung cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:655-662.
7. Chute JP, Chen T, Feigal E, Simon R, Johnson BE. Twenty years of phase III trials for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: perceptible progress. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:1794-1801.
8. Chute JP, Venzon DJ, Hankins L, et al. Outcome of patients with small-cell lung cancer during 20 years of clinical research at the US National Cancer Institute. Mayo Clin Proc. 1997;72:901-912.
9. Paesmans M, Sculier JP, Lecomte J, et al. Prognostic factors for patients with small cell lung carcinoma: analysis of a series of 763 patients included in 4 consecutive prospective trials with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Cancer. 2000;89:523-533.
10. Lassen U, Osterlind K, Hansen M, Dombernowsky P, Bergman B, Hansen HH. Long-term survival in small-cell lung cancer: posttreatment characteristics in patients surviving 5 to 18+ years - an analysis of 1,714 consecutive patients. J Clin Oncol. 1995;13:1215-1220.
11. Niiranen A. Long-term survival in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1988;24:749-752.
12. Chen TT, Chute JP, Feigal E, Johnson BE, Simon R. A model to select chemotherapy regimens for phase III trials for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92:1601-1607.
13. Auperin A, Arriagada R, Pignon JP, et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation Overview Collaborative Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:476-484.
14. Breathnach OS, Freidlin B, Conley B, et al. Twenty-two years of phase III trials for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: sobering results. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:1734-1742.
15. Shank B, Scher H, Hilaris BS, Pinsky C, Martin M, Wittes RE. Increased survival with high-dose multifield radiotherapy and intensive chemotherapy in limited small cell carcinoma of the Lung. Cancer. 1985;56:2771-2778.
16. Ettinger DS, Karp JE, Abeloff MD, Burke PJ, Braine HG. Intermittent high-dose cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer Treatment Rep. 1978;62:413-424.
17. Aisner J, Wiernik PH. Chemotherapy versus chemoimmunotherapy for small-cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung. Cancer. 1980;46:2543-2549.
18. Jackson DV, Paschal BR, Ferree C, et al. Combination chemotherapy-radiotherapy with and without the methanolextraction residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER) in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer. 1982;50:48-52.
19. Cohen MH, Chretien PB, Ihde DC, et al. Thymosin fraction V and intensive combination chemotherapy. Prolonging the survival of patients with small-cell lung cancer. J Am Med Assoc. 1979;241:1813-1815.
20. Zacharski LR, Henderson WG, Rickles FR, et al. Effect of warfarin in survival in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Veterans Administration Study No. 75. J Am Med Assoc. 1981;245:831-835.
21. Johnson DH, Ruckdeschel JC, Keller JH, et al. A randomized trial to compare intravenous and oral etoposide in combination with cisplatin for the treatment of small cell lung cancer. Cancer. 1991;67:245-249.
22. Seydel HG, Creech R, Pagano M, et al. Prophylactic versus no brain irradiation in regional small cell lung carcinoma. Am J Clin Oncol. 1985;8:218-223.
23. Jackson DV Jr., Richards FD, Cooper MR, et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation in small cell carcinoma of the lung. A randomized study. J Am Med Assoc. 1977;237:2730-2733.
24. Eagan RT, Frytak S, Lee RE, Creagan ET, Ingle JN, Nichols WC. A case for preplanned thoracic and prophylactic whole brain radiation therapy in limited small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Clin Trials. 1981;4:261-266.
25. Aroney RS, Aisner J, Wesley MN, et al. Value of prophylactic cranial irradiation given at complete remission in small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rep. 1983;67:675-682.
26. Wagner H, Kim K, Turrisi A. A randomized phase III study of prophylactic cranial irradiation versus observation in patients with small cell lung cancer achieving a complete response: final report of an incomplete trial by the Eastern Cooperative Ongology Group and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (E3589/R92-01) [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 1996;15:376.
27. Sandler A, Jiroutek M, Vogl S, Johnson D. A comparison of standard with intensive combination chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer-mature results: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial (ECOG) [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 1997;16:481a.
28. Maurer LH, Tulloh M, Weiss RB, et al. A randomized combined modality trial in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Comparison of combination chemotherapy-radiation therapy versus cyclophosphamide-radiation therapy effects of maintenance chemotherapy and prophylactic whole brain irradiation. Cancer. 1980;45:30-39.
29. Seydel HG, Creech R, Pagano M, et al. Combined modality treatment of regional small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung: a cooperative study of the RTOG and ECOG. Intl J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1983;9:1135-1141.
30. Eagan RT, Lee RE, Frytak S, et al. An evaluation of low-dose cisplatin as part of combined modality therapy of limited small cell lung cancer. Cancer Clin Trials. 1981;4:267-271.
31. McCracken JD, Chen T, White J, et al. Combination chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and BCG immunotherapy in limited small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Cancer. 1982;49:2252-2258.
32. Perez CA, Krauss S, Bartolucci AA, et al. Thoracic and elective brain irradiation with concomitant or delayed multiagent chemotherpy in the treatment of localized small cell carcinoma of the lung: a randomized prospective study by the Southeastern Cancer Study Group. Cancer. 1981;47:2407-2413.
33. Aisner J, Whitacre M, Echo DAV, Wiernik PH. Combination chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung: continuous versus alternating non-cross-resistant combinations. Cancer Treatment Rep. 1982;66:221-230.
34. Daniels JR, Chak LY, Sikic BI, et al. Chemotherapy of small-cell carcinoma of lung: a randomized comparison of alternating and sequential combination chemotherapy programs. J Clin Oncol. 1984;2:1192-1199.
35. Maurer LH, Pajak T, Eaton W, et al. Combined modality therapy with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy in limited small-cell carcinoma of the lung: a phase III cancer and leukemia group B study. J Clin Oncol. 1985;3:969-976.
36. Perez CA, Einhorn L, Oldham RK, et al. Randomized trial of radiotherapy to the thorax in limited small-cell carcinoma of the lung treated with multiagent chemotherapy and elective brain irradiation: a preliminary report. J Clin Oncol. 1984;2:1200-1208.
37. Kies MS, Mira JG, Crowley JJ, et al. Multimodal therapy for limited small-cell lung cancer: a randomized study of induction combination chemotherapy with or without thoracic radiation in complete responders; and with wide-field versus reduced-field radiation in partial responders: a Southwest Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 1987;5:592-600.
38. Jackson DV, Zekan PJ, Caldwell RD, et al. VP-16-213 in combination chemotherapy with chest irradiation for small-cell lung cancer: a randomized trial of the Piedmont Oncology Association. J Clin Oncol. 1984;2:1343-1351.
39. Hong WK, Nicaise C, Lawson R, et al. Etoposide combined with cyclophosphamide plus vincristine compared with doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide plus vincristine and with high-dose cyclophosphamide plus vincristine in the treatment of small-cell carcinoma of the lung: a randomized trial of the Bristol Lung Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 1989;7:450-456.
40. Einhorn L, Greco A, Wampler G, Randolph J. Cytoxan, Adriamycin, etoposide versus cytoxan, Adriamycin, vincristine in the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 1987;6:168.
41. Bunn PA, Greco A, Einhorn L. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide as first-line therapy in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer. Semin Oncol. 1986;13(suppl 3):45-53.
42. Jett JR, Everson L, Therneau TM, et al. Treatment of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and vincristine with or without etoposide: a randomized trial of the North Central Cancer Treatment Group. J Clin Oncol. 1990;8:33-38.
43. Messeih AS, Schweitzer JM, Lipton A, et al. Addition of etoposide to cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and vincristine for remission induction and survival in patients with small cell lung cancer. Cancer Treatment Rep. 1987;71:61-66.
44. Feld R, Evans WK, Coy P, et al. Canadian multicenter randomized trial comparing sequential and alternating administration of two non-cross-resistant chemotherapy combinations in patients with limited small-cell carcinoma of the lung. J Clin Oncol. 1987;5:1401-1409.
45. Creech R, Richter M, Finkelstein D. Combination chemotherapy with or without consolidation radiation therapy (RT) for regional small cell carcinoma of the lung [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 1988;7:196.
46. Johnson DH, Bass D, Einhorn LH, et al. Combination chemotherapy with or without thoracic radiotherapy in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a randomized trial of the Southeastern Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 1993;11:1223-1229.
47. Goodman GE, Crowley JJ, Blasko JC, et al. Treatment of limited small-cell lung cancer with etoposide and cisplatin alternating with vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide versus concurrent etoposide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide and chest radiotherapy: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol. 1990;8:39-47.
48. Carlson RW, Sikic BI, Gandara D, et al. Late consolidative radiation therapy in the treatment of limited-stage small cell lung cancer. Cancer. 1991;68:948-958.
49. Lipton A, Harvey HA, Walker B, et al. Chemotherapy plus RA233 in the treatment of oat cell lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 1989;12:259-263.
50. Murray N, Coy P, Pater JL, et al. Importance of timing for thoracic irradiation in the combined modality treatment of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1993;11:336-344.
51. Maurer LH, Herndon JE, Hollis DR, et al. Randomized trial of chemotherapy and radiation therapy with or without warfarin for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study. J Clin Oncol. 1997;15:3378-3387.
52. Maksymiuk AW, Jett JR, Earle JD, et al. Sequencing and schedule effects of cisplatin plus etoposide in small-cell lung cancer: results of a North Central Treatment Group randomized clinical trial. J Clin Oncol. 1994;12:70-76.
53. Bunn PA, Crowley J, Kelly K, et al. Chemoradiotherapy with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a prospective phase III randomized study of the Southwest Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 1995;13:1632-1641.
54. Bonner JA, Sloan JA, Shanahan TG, et al. Phase III comparison of twice-daily split-course irradiation versus once-daily irradiation for patients with limited stage small-cell lung carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:2681-2691.
55. Wood L, Palmer M, Hewitt J, et al. Results of a phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of megestrol acetate modulation of P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance in the first-line management of small-cell lung carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 1998;77:627-631.
56. Eagan RT, Carr DT, Lee RE, Frytak S, Rubin J, Coles DT. Phase II studies of polychemotherapy regimens in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Treat Rep. 1977;61:93-95.
57. Williams C, Alexander M, Glatstein EJ, Daniels JR. Role of radiation therapy in combination with chemotherapy in extensive oat cell cancer of the lung: a randomized study. Cancer Treat Rep. 1977;61:1427-1431.
58. Krook JE, Jett JR, Little C. A phase I-II study of sequential infusion VP-16 and cisplatin therapy in advanced lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 1989;12:114-117.
59. Eagan RT, Maurer LH, Forcier RJ, Tulloh M. Proceedings: small cell carcinoma of the lung: staging, paraneoplastic syndromes, treatment, and survival. Cancer. 1974;33:527-532.
60. Goodman GE, Miller TP, Manning MM, Davis SL, McMahon LJ. Treatment of small cell lung cancer with VP-16, vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide (EVAC), and high-dose chest radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 1983;1:483-488.
61. Murray N, Shah A, Brown E, et al. Alternating chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin-etoposide for limited-stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Semin Oncol. 1986;13(3 Suppl 3):24-30.
62. Aisner J, Goutsou M, Maurer LH, et al. Intensive combination chemotherapy, concurrent chest irradiation, and warfarin for the treatment of limited-disease small-cell lung cancer: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B pilot study [see comments]. J Clin Oncol. 1992;10:1230-1236.
63. Turrisi A, Wagner H, Glover D, Mason B, Oken M, Bonomi P. Limited small cell lung cancer (LSCLC): concurrent bid thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) with platinum-etoposide (PE): an ECOG Study [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 1990;9:230.
64. Thun MJ, Lally CA, Flannery JT, Calle EE, Flanders WD, Heath CW Jr. Cigarette smoking and changes in the histopathology of lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:1580-1586.
65. Hauber HP, Bohuslavizki KH, Lund CH, Fritscher-Ravens A, Meyer A, Pforte A. Positron emission tomography in the staging of small-cell lung cancer: a preliminary study. Chest. 2001;119:950-954.
66. Schumacher T, Brink I, Mix M, et al. FDG-PET imaging for the staging and follow-up of small cell lung cancer. Eur J Nucl Med. 2001;28:483-488.
67. Cottin V, Arpin D, Lasset C, et al. Small-cell lung cancer: patients included in clinical trials are not representative of the patient population as a whole. Ann Oncol. 1999;10:809-815.
68. Quoix E, Finkelstein H, Wolkove N, Kreisman H. Treatment of small-cell lung cancer on protocol: potential bias of results. J Clin Oncol. 1986;4:1314-1320.
69. Pazdur R. Response rates, survival, and chemotherapy trials. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92:1552-1553.
70. Buyse M, Thirion P, Carlson RW, Burzykowski T, Molenberghs G, Piedbois P. Re: a model to select chemotherapy regimens for phase III trials for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001;93:399-401.