Tiller density and stand structure of tall fescue swards differing in age and nitrogen level

European Journal of Agronomy

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 209-219

  Lafarge, Michel ^a   Loiseau, Pierre ^a  

^a CEMAGREF   (France)

Author keywords

Festuca arundinacea Schreb; Gaps; Horizontal sward structure; Nitrogen supply; Recovery after drought; Sown grasslands; Sward ageing; Tall fescue; Tiller density

Indexed keywords

GRASSLAND; NITROGEN; STAND STRUCTURE; SWARD;

FESTUCA; SCHEDONORUS ARUNDINACEUS;

EID: 0036785391     PISSN: 11610301     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1161-0301(02)00011-4     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Bouton, J.H., Whitehead, F.C., De Battista, J.P., 1989. Tall fescue rhizome production as influenced by Bermudagrass competition and cutting frequency. Crop Sci. 81, 220-223.
2. Bullock, J.M., Mortimer, A.M., Begon, M., 1994. Physiological integration among tillers of Holcus lanatus: age-dependence and responses to clipping and competition. The New Phytologist 128, 737-747.
3. Charles A.H., Haggar R.J. (Eds.), 1979. Changes in sward composition and productivity. Occasional symposium of the British Grassland Society, no.10, York, September 1978.
4. Davies, A., 1971. Changes in growth rate and morphology of perennial ryegrass swards at high and low nitrogen levels. J. Agric. Sci., Cambridge 77, 123-134.
5. Davies, A., 1988. The regrowth of grass swards. In: Jones, M.B., Lazenby, A. (Eds.), The Grass Crop: the Physiological Basis of Production. Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 85-127.
6. Dessaint, F., Chadoeuf, R., Barralis, G., 1991. Spatial pattern analysis of weed seeds in the cultivated soil seed bank. J. Appl. Ecol. 28, 721-730.
7. Dillard, H.R., Grogan, R.G., 1985. Relationship between sclerotial spatial pattern and density of Sclerotinia minor and the incidence of lettuce drop. Phytopathology 75, 90-94.
8. Dunham, R.J., Nye, P.H., 1974. The influence of soil water content on the uptake of ions by roots. 2. Chloride uptake and concentration gradients in soil. J. Appl. Ecol. 11, 581-595.
9. El Habchi, A., 1993. Dynamique de l'azote dans le système sol-peuplement au cours de la vie d'une prairie temporaire (Festuca arrundinacea). Ph.D. thesis, Institut national polytechnique de Lorraine, Nancy (France).
10. Garwood, E.A., 1969. Seasonal tiller populations of grass and grass/clover swards with and without irrigation. J. British Grassland Soc. 24, 333-344.
11. Hartnett, D.C., 1993. Regulation of clonal growth and dynamics of Panicum virgatum (Poaceae) in tallgrass prairie: effects of neighbor removal and nutrient addition. Am. J. Bot. 80, 1114-1120.
12. Herben, T., During, H.J., Krahulec, F., 1995. Spatiotemporal dynamics in mountain grasslands: species autocorrelation in space and time. Folia Geobotanica Phytotaxonomica, Praha 30, 185-196.
13. Hook, P.B., Lauenroth, W.K., Burke, I.C., 1994. Spatial patterns of roots in a semiarid grassland: abundance of canopy openings and regeneration gaps. J. Ecol. 82, 485-494.
14. Hopkins, A., Murray, P.J., Bowling, P.J., Rook, A.J., Johnson, J., 1995. Productivity and nitrogen uptake of ageing and newly sown swards of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) at different sites and with different nitrogen fertilizer treatments. Eur. J. Agron. 4, 65-75.
15. Hume, D.E., Brock, J.L., 1997. Morphology of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) plants in pastures under sheep and cattle grazing. J. Agric. Sci., Cambridge 129, 19-31.
16. Jones, M.B., Collett, B., Sian, B., 1982. Sward growth under cutting and continuous stocking managements: sward canopy structure, tiller density and leaf turnover. Grass Forage Sci. 37, 67-73.
17. Lafarge, M., 2001. Three approaches for analysing the dynamics of the horizontal layout of tillers in grass patches. Application to tall fescue swards surveyed over two growing seasons. Acta Oecologica 22, 109-119.
18. Legendre, P., Fortin, M.J., 1989. Spatial pattern and ecological analysis. Vegetatio 80, 107-138.
19. Li, H., Reynolds, F., 1995. On definition and quantification of heterogeneity. Oikos 73, 280-284.
20. Loiseau, P., El Habchi, A., de Montard, F.X., Triboï, E., 1992. Indicateurs pour la gestion de l'azote dans les systèmes de culture incluant la prairie temporaire de fauche. Fourrages 129, 29-43.
21. Marriott, C.A., Zuazua, M.T., 1996. Tillering and partitioning of dry matter and nutrients in Lolium perenne growing with neighbours of different species: effects of nutrient supply and defoliation. The New Phytologist 132, 87-95.
22. Mazzanti, A., Lemaire, G., Gastal, F., 1994. The effect of nitrogen fertilization upon the herbage production of tall fescue swards continuously grazed with sheep. 1. Herbage growth dynamics. Grass Forage Sci. 49, 111-120.
23. Milfred, C.J., Kiefer, R.W., 1976. Analysis of soil variability with repetitive aerial photography. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 40, 553-557.
24. Moran, P.A.P., 1950. Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika 37, 17-23.
25. Ong, C.K., Marshall, C., Sagar, G.R., 1978. The physiology of tiller death in grasses. 2. Causes of tiller death in a grass sward. J. British Grassland Soc. 33, 205-211.
26. Pasternak, D., Kotowska, J., 1976. Mineral fertilization and sward structure. In: Traczyk T. (Ed.) The effect of intensive fertilization on the structure and productivity of meadow ecosystems. Polish ecological studies 2(4) 85-91.
27. Pielou, E.C., 1969. The measurement of aggregation. In: Pielou, E.C. (Ed.), An Introduction to Mathematical Ecology. Wiley Intersciences, New York, pp. 90-98.
28. Robbins, G.B., Bushell, J.J., Butler, K.L., 1987. Decline in plant and animal production from ageing pastures of green panic (Panicum maximum var. trichoglume). J. Agric. Sci., Cambridge 108, 407-417.
29. Robson, M.J., 1968. The changing tiller population of spaced plants of S.170 tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). J. Appl. Ecol. 5, 575-590.
30. Samra, J.S., Rajput, R.K., Katyal, V., 1992. Structured heterogeneity of soil pH and grain yield of rice and wheat grown in a sodic soil. Agron. J. 84, 877-881.
31. Schwinning, S., Weiner, J., 1998. Mechanisms determining the degree of size asymmetry in competition among plants. Oecologia 113, 447-455.
32. Silvertown, F., Lines, C.E.M., Dale, P., 1994. Spatial competition between grasses - rates of mutual invasion between four species and the interaction with grazing. J. Ecol. 82, 31-38.
33. Simon, J.C., Lemaire, G., 1987. Tillering and leaf area index in grasses in the vegetative phase. Grass Forage Sci. 42, 373-380.
34. Stanford, G., Epstein, E., 1974. Nitrogen mineralization - water relations in soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 38, 103-107.
35. Terrel, E.E., 1979. Taxonomy, morphology and phylogeny. In: Buckner, R.C., Bush, L.P. (Eds.), Tall fescue. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison WI, Agronomy monographs Vol. 20, pp. 31-39.
36. Thorhallsdottir, T.E., 1990. The dynamics of five grasses and white clover in a simulated mosaic sward. J. Ecol. 78, 909-923.
37. Welker, J.M., Briske, D.D., Weaver, R.W., 1991. Intraclonal allocation in the bunchgrass Schizachyrium scoparium Hubb.: an assessment of the physiological individual. Functional Ecol. 5, 433-440.
38. Yu, O., Gounot, M., 1981. Recherches sur le tallage chez le dactyle (Dactylis glomerata L.). 1. Etude expérimentale de l'effet de l'azote sur le tallage. Acta Oecologica-Oecologia Plantarum 2, 351-365.