The prevalence of Cowdria ruminantium in free-living adult Amblyomma hebraeum collected at a communal grazing area and in 2 wildlife reserves in South Africa

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association

Volumn 73, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 131-132

  Bryson, N R ^a   Horak, I G ^a   Venter, E H ^a   Mahan, S M ^b   Simbi, B ^b   Peter, T F ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Amblyomma hebraeum; Communal grazing area; Cowdria ruminantium prevalence; PCR analysis; Wildlife reserves

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; PHEROMONE; BACTERIAL DNA;

AMBLYOMMA; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE CARRIER; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DOMESTIC ANIMAL; EHRLICHIA; FEMALE; GRAZING; HEARTWATER DISEASE; LIFE CYCLE; MALE; NONHUMAN; PARASITE PREVALENCE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SOUTH AFRICA; WILDLIFE; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; CATTLE; EHRLICHIA RUMINANTIUM; GENETICS; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MICROBIOLOGY; PARASITE VECTOR; PREVALENCE; TICK; WILD ANIMAL;

ACARI; AMBLYOMMA; AMBLYOMMA HEBRAEUM; ANIMALIA; EHRLICHIA; EHRLICHIA RUMINANTIUM;

ANIMALS; ANIMALS, DOMESTIC; ANIMALS, WILD; ARACHNID VECTORS; CATTLE; DNA, BACTERIAL; EHRLICHIA RUMINANTIUM; HEARTWATER DISEASE; IXODIDAE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 0036769289     PISSN: 10199128     EISSN: 22249435     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Andrew H R, Norval R A I 1989 The carrier status of sheep, cattle and African buffalo recovered from heartwater. Veterinary Parasitology 34: 261-266
2. Bryson N R, Horak I G, Venter E H, Mahan S M 2000 The use of the attraction-aggregation- attachment-pheromone/carbon dioxide trap to collect free-living, unfed adult and nymphal Amblyomma hebraeum at a communal grazing area in South Africa. In Kazimírová M, Labuda M, Nuttall P A (eds), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ticks and Tick-borne Pathogens: into the 21st Century, Institute of Zoology, Slovakia Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 30 August - 3 September1999: 195-198
3. 2 traps at 5 different ecological sites in heartwater endemic regions of South Africa. Experimental and Applied Acarology 24: 971-982
4. Chiang C L, Reeves W C 1962 Statistical estimation of virus infection rates in mosquito vector populations. American Journal of Hygiene 75: 377-391
5. Du Plessis J L 1985 A method for determining the Cowdria ruminantium infection rate of Amblyomma hebraeum: effects in mice injected with tick homogenates. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 52: 55-61
6. Du Plessis J L, Malan L 1987 Problems with the interpretation of epidemiological data in heartwater: a study on 23 farms. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 54: 427-433
7. Horak I G, MacIvor K M De F, Petney T N, De Vos V 1987 Some avian and mammalian hosts of Amblyomma hebraeum and Amblyomma marmoreum (Acari: Ixodidae). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 54: 397-403
8. Mahan S M 1997 Protocols for detection of Cowdria ruminantium in ticks by PCR. UF/USAID/SADC Heartwater Research Project Protocol. Veterinary Research Laboratory Harare, Zimbabwe
9. Norval R A I, Andrew H R, Yunker C E 1990 Infection rates with Cowdria ruminantium of nymphs and adults of the bont tick Amblyomma hebraeum collected in the field in Zimbabwe. Veterinary Parasitology 36: 277-283
10. Norval R A I, Andrew H R, Yunker C E, Burridge M J 1992 Biological processes in the epidemiology of heartwater. In Fivaz B H Petney T N, Horak I G (eds.) Tick Vector Biology, Medical and Veterinary Aspects. Springer Verlag, Berlin: 71-86
11. Oberem P T, Bezuidenhout J D 1987 Heartwater in hosts other than domestic ruminants. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 54: 271-275
12. Peter T F 1995 The epidemiology of heartwater: importance of carrier cattle as reservoirs of Cowdria ruminantium infection for Amblyomma hebraeum ticks. Ph.D. thesis, University of Florida, USA
13. Peter T F 1997 Summary of epidemiological studies in Zimbabwe. In Proceedings of the SADC Heartwater Workshop, Gaberone, Botswana, 2-4 April 1997: 15-23
14. Peter T F, Anderson E C, Burridge M J, Mahan S M 1998 Demonstration of a carrier state for Cowdria ruminantium in wild ruminants from Africa. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 34: 567-575
15. Peter T F, Bryson N R, Perry B D, O'Callaghan C J, Medley G F, Mlambo G M, Smith G E, Horak I G, Burridge M J, Mahan S M 1999 Cowdria ruminantium infection in an African nature reserve. Veterinary Record 145: 304-307
16. Peter T F, Deem S L, Simbi B H, Barbet A F, Norval R A I, Kelly P J, Mahan S M 1995 Development and evaluation of PCR assay for detection of Cowdria ruminantium infection in Amblyomma ticks. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 33: 166-172