Feeding strategies for managing heat load in feedlot cattle

Journal of Animal Science

Volumn 80, Issue 9, 2002, Pages 2373-2382

  Mader, T L ^a   Holt, S M ^b   Hahn, G L ^c   Davis, M S ^a   Spiers, D E ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA   (United States)

^b SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c U S MEAT ANIMAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

Author keywords

Body Temperature; Feed Intake; Feedlots; Heat Stress

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; BOS TAURUS;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL FOOD; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; ARTICLE; CATTLE; EATING; HAIR COLOR; HEAT; LOW CALORY DIET; MALE; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; RANDOMIZATION; THERMOREGULATION; TIME;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; ANIMALS; BODY TEMPERATURE REGULATION; CATTLE; DIET, REDUCING; EATING; HAIR COLOR; HEAT; MALE; RANDOM ALLOCATION; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0036717109     PISSN: 00218812     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ansci/80.9.2373     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Arp, S. C., F. N. Owens, S. L. Armbruster, and D. Schmidt. 1983. Effect of animal density, coat color and heat stress on performance of feedlot steers. Oklahoma Agric. Exp. Station Res. Rep. Stillwater. 79-81.
2. Bond, T. E., and C. F. Kelly. 1955. The globe thermometer in agricultural research. Agric. Eng. April: 251.
3. Brosh, A., Y. Aharoni, A. A. Degen, D. Wright, and B. A. Young. 1998. Effects of solar radiation, dietary energy, and time of feeding on thermoregulatory responses and energy balance in cattle in a hot environment. J. Anim. Sci. 76:2671-2677.
4. Brosh, A., G. Beneke, S. Fennell, D. Wright, Y. Aharoni, and B. A. Young. 1994. Prediction of energy expenditure by heart rate measurements in cattle, the effect of exercise, diet and sun radiation. In: Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals. EAAP Publ. No. 76, Majacar, Spain.
5. Buffington, D. E., A. Collazo-Arocho, G. H. Canton, D. Pitt, W. W. Thatcher, and R. J. Collier. 1981. Black globe-humidity index (BGHI) as comfort equation for dairy cows. Trans. ASAE (Am. Soc. Agric. Eng.) 771-714.
6. Burrin, D. G., C. L. Ferrel, R. A. Britton, and M. Bauer. 1990. Level of nutrition and visceral organ size and metabolic activity in sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 64:439-448.
7. Busby, D., and D. Loy. 1996. Heat stress in feedlot cattle: Producer survey results. Iowa Agric. Exp. Station Beef Res. Rep. AS-632. Ames, pp 108-110.
8. Carstens, G. E., D. E. Johnson, M. A. Elenberger, and J. D. Tatum. 1991. Physical and chemical components of the empty body during compensatory growth in beef steers. J. Anim. Sci. 69:3251-3264.
9. Davis, M. S. 2001. Management strategies to reduce heat stress in feedlot cattle. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln.
10. Finch, V. A., I. L. Bennett, and C. R. Holmes. 1984. Coat colour in cattle: effect on thermal balance, behavior and growth, relationship with coat type. J. Agric. Sci. 102:141-146.
11. Freetly, H. C., C. L. Ferrell, T. G. Jenkins, and A. L. Goetsch. 1995. Visceral oxygen consumption during chronic feed restriction and realimentation in sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 73:843-852.
12. Gaughan, J. B., T. L. Mader, D. Savage, and B. A. Young. 1996. Effect of feeding regime on feed intake of cattle exposed to heat. Aust. Soc. Anim. Prod. 21:223-226.
13. Graham, N. M., and T. W. Searle. 1972. Balance of energy and matter in growing sheep at several ages, body weights and planes of nutrition. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 23:97-108.
14. Graham, N. McC., T. W. Searle, and D. A. Griffiths. 1974. Basal metabolic rate in lambs and young sheep. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 25:957-971.
15. Hahn, G. L., 1994. Environmental requirements of farm animals. In: J. F. Griffiths (ed.) Handbook of Agricultural Meteorology, p 220. Oxford University Press, New York.
16. Hahn, G. L. 1995. Environmental influences on feed intake and performance of feedlot cattle. In: F. N. Owens (ed.) Proc. Intake by Feedlot Cattle Symp. Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater. pp 207-225.
17. Hahn, G. L., R. A. Eigenberg, J. A. Nienaber, and E. T. Littledike. 1990. Measuring physiological responses of animals to environmental stressors using a microcomputer-based portable datalogger. J. Anim. Sci. 68:2658-2665.
18. Hahn, G. L., and T. L. Mader. 1997. Heat waves in relation to thermo-regulation, feeding behavior and mortality of feedlot cattle, pp 563-571. Proc. 5th Int. Livest. Envir. Symp. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., St. Joseph, MO.
19. Hicks, R. B., F. N. Owens, D. R. Gill, J. J. Martin, and C. A. Strasia. 1990. Effects of controlled feed intake on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers and heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 68:233-244.
20. Hubbard, K. G., D. E. Stookesbury, G. L. Hahn, and T. L. Mader. 1999. A climatological perspective on feedlot cattle performance and mortality to the THI. J. Prod. Agric. 12:650-653.
21. Koong, L. J., C. L. Ferrell, and J. A. Nienaber. 1985. Assessment of interrelationships among levels of intake and production, organ size and fasting heat production in growing animals. J. Nutr. 115:1383-1390.
22. Lawrence, J., J. Harmon, J. Lorimor, W. Edwards, D. Loy. W. Klein, and W. Miller (ed.). 2001. Beef Feedlot Systems Manual. PM 1867, Iowa State University, Ames.
23. Lefcourt, A. M., and W. R. Adams. 1996. Radiotelemetry measurements of body temperatures of feedlot steers during summer. J. Anim. Sci. 74:2633-2640.
24. Lefcourt, A. M., and E. T. Schmidtmann. 1989. Body temperature of dry cows on pasture: environmental and behavioral effects. J. Dairy Sci. 72:3040-3049.
25. Mader, T. L., J. M. Dahlquist, and J. B. Gaughan. 1997a. Wind Protection effects and airflow patterns in outside feedlots. J. Anim. Sci. 75:26-36.
26. Mader, T. L., J. M. Dahlquist, G. L. Hahn, and J. B. Gaughan. 1999a. Shade and wind barrier effects on summertime feedlot cattle performance. J. Anim Sci. 77:2065-2072.
27. Mader, T. L., L. R. Fell, and M. J. McPhee. 1997b. Behavior response of non-Brahman cattle to shade in commercial feedlots. Proc. 5th Int. Livest. Envir. Symp. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., St. Joseph, MI. pp 795-802.
28. Mader, T. L., J. B. Gaughan, and B. A. Young. 1999b. Feedlot diet roughage level for hereford cattle exposed to excessive heat load. Prof. Anim. Sci. 15:53-62.
29. Mader, T. L., L. L. Hungerford, J. A. Nienaber, M. J. Buhman, M. S. Davis, G. L. Hahn, W. M. Cerkoney, and S. M. Holt. 2001. Heat stress mortality in Midwest feedlots. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Suppl. 2):(Abstr.)
30. Murphy, T. A., and S. C. Loerch. 1994. Effects of restricted feeding of growing steers on performance, carcass characteristics, and composition. J. Anim. Sci. 72:2497-2507.
31. NRC. 1981. Effect of Environment on Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
32. NRC. 1996. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. 7th ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
33. Owens, F. N., W. J. Hill, and D. R. Gill. 1995. Intake by feedlot cattle. In: Proceedings: 56th MN Nutr. Conf. and Alltech, Inc. Technical Symp. Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, pp 97-109.
34. Plegge, S. D. 1987. Restricting intake of feedlot cattle. In: Proc.: Feed Intake by Beef Cattle Symp. MP 121. Okla. Agr. Exp. Sta., Stillwater. pp 297-301.
35. Purwanto, B. P., Y. Abo, R. Sakamoto, F. Furumoto, and S. Yamamoto. 1990. Diurnal patterns of heat production and heart rate under thermoneutral conditions in Holstein Friesian cows differing in milk production. J. Agric. Sci. 114:139-142.
36. Reinhardt, C. D., and R. T. Brandt. 1994. Effect of morning vs evening feeding of limited-fed Holsteins during summer months. In: Proc. Kansas State Univ. Cattleman's Day. Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, pp 38-39.
37. Robertshaw, D. 1985. Heat loss of cattle. In: M. K. Yousef (ed.). Stress Physiology in Livestock, vol. I. Basic Principles, pp 55-66. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
38. Yambayamba, E. S. K., M. A. Price, and G. R. Foxcroft. 1996. Hormonal status, metabolic changes, and resting metabolic rate in beef heifers undergoing compensatory growth. J. Anim. Sci. 74:57-69.
39. Young, B. A. 1985. Physiological responses and adaptations of cattle. In: M. K. Yousef (ed.) Stress Physiology in Livestock, vol. 2. Ungulates. pp 101-109. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
40. Young, B. A. 1993. Implications of excessive heat load to the welfare of cattle in feedlots. In: Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia. pp 45-50. Univ. New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.