A riffle stability index to evaluate sediment loading to streams

Journal of the American Water Resources Association

Volumn 38, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 1069-1081

  Kappesser, Gary B ^a  

^a USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Bedload transport; Channel stability; Monitoring; Pebble count; Riffles; Sedimentation

Indexed keywords

FILLING; GRAVEL; SEDIMENTS; WATERSHEDS;

RIFFLE STABILITY INDEX (RSI);

WATER RESOURCES;

GRAVEL BED STREAM; MOUNTAIN STREAM; POOL-RIFFLE SEQUENCE; SEDIMENT YIELD;

EID: 0036693225     PISSN: 1093474X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb05547.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (44)

1. Andrews, E. D., 1982. Bank Stability and Channel Width Adjustment, East Fork River, Wyoming. Water Resources Research 18(4):1184-1192.
2. Ashworth, P. J. and R. I. Ferguson, 1989. Size-Selective Entrainment of Bed Load in Gravel Bed Streams. Water Resources Research 25(4):627-634.
3. Bayer, K. C., 1984. Generalized Structural Lithologic and Physiographic Provinces in the Fold and Thrust Belts of the United States; Exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
4. Beschta, R. L., 1987. Conceptual Models of Sediment Transport in Streams. In: Sediment Transport in Gravel-Bed Rivers, C. R. Thorne, J. C. Bathurst and R. D. Hey (Editors). John Wiley and Sons Ltd., New York, New York, pp. 387-419.
5. Bisson, P. A. and J. R. Sedell, 1982. Salmonid Populations in Streams in Clearcut vs. Old Growth Forest of Western Washington. In: Fish and Wildlife Relationships in Old-Growth Forests, W. R. Meehan, T. R. Merrall, and J. W. Matthews (Editors). Amer. Inst. Fish. Res. Bios., pp. 121-130.
6. Blatt, H., G. Middleton, and R. Murray. 1972. Origin of Sedimentary Rocks. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
7. Bluck B. J., 1982. Texture of Gravel Bars in Braided Streams. In: Gravel-Bed Rivers, R. D. Hey, J. C. Bathurst, and C. R. Thorne (Editors). John Wiley and Sons Ltd., New York, New York, pp. 291-339.
8. Bridge, J. S. and J. Jarvis, 1982. The Dynamics of a River Bend: A Study in Flow and Sedimentary Processes. Sedimentology 29:499-541.
9. Bunte, K. and S. R. Abt, 2001. Sampling Surface and Subsurface Particle-Size Distributions in Wadable Gravel and Cobble-Bed Streams for Analysis in Sediment Transport, Hydraulics, and Streambed Monitoring. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-74, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mtn. Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, 428 pp.
10. Church, M. and D. Jones, 1982. Channel Bars in Gravel-Bed Rivers. In: Gravel-Bed Rivers, R. D. Hey, J. C. Bathurst, and C. R. Thorne (Editors). John Wiley and Sons Ltd., New York, New York, pp. 291-339.
11. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1997. State Water Control Board 9 VAC 25-260-5 et seq. Water Quality Standards. Statutory Authority: § 62.1-44.15(3a) of the Code of Virginia, 9 VAC 25-260-30, Antidegradation Policy.
12. Cross, D. and L. Everest, 1995. Fish Habitat Attributes of Reference and Managed Watersheds with Special Reference to the Location of Bull Charr (Salvelinus confluentus) Spawning Sites in the Upper Spokane River Ecosystem, Northern Idaho. FHR Currents, Fish Habitat Relationships Technical Bulletin No. 17, USDA Forest Service.
13. Day, J. F., 1941. Bloody Ground. Doubleday, Doran and Co., New York, New York.
14. Eyre, F. H. (Editor), 1980. Forest Cover Types of the United States and Canada. Society of American Foresters, Washington, D.C., 147 pp.
15. Gessler, J., 1971. Beginning and Ceasing of Sediment Motion. In: River Mechanics, H. W. Shen (Editor). Fort Collins, Colorado, Vol. 7, Chapter 7, pp. 7-1 to 7-21.
16. Hallisey, J. E. and G. H. Belt, 1996. Relationships Between Particle Movement and Channel Morphology in Some Northern Idaho Streams. Water Resources Bulletin 33(2):383-391.
17. Halpern, R. A., 2000. The New Watershed Tools: Genuine Steel or Chrome-Plated Plastic? Water Resources IMPACT 2(6):23-26.
18. Harrelson, C. C., C. L. Rawlins, and J. P. Potyondy, 1994. Stream Channel Reference Sites: An Illustrated Field Guide to Field Technique. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-245, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, 61 pp.
19. Heede, B. H., 1980. Stream Dynamics: An Overview for Land Managers. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-72, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, 26 pp.
20. Hicks, B. J., J. D. Hall, P. A. Bisson, and J. R. Sedell, 1991. Responses of Salmonids to Habitat Changes. In: Influences of Forest and Rangeland Management on Salmonid Fishes and Their Habitats, William R. Meehan (Editor). American Fisheries Society Special Publication 19, Bethesda, Maryland, pp. 483-518.
21. Hirsch, P. J. and A. D. Abrahams, 1981. The Properties of Bed Sediments in Pools and Riffles. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 51(3):757-760.
22. Horner, N. J., 1993. A Tale of Two Rivers. Idaho Wildlife 13(5):4-6.
23. Kaufmann, P. R., P. Levine, E. G. Robinson, C. Seeliger, and D. V. Peck, 1999. Quantifying Physical Habitat in Wadeable Streams. EPA/620/R-99/003, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.
24. Kondolf, G. M., 1997. Application of the Pebble Count: Notes on Purpose, Method, and Variants. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 33(1):79-87.
25. Lane, E. W., 1954. River-Bed Scour During Floods. American Society of Civil Engineers Transaction 89, pp. 1069-1079.
26. Lane, E. W., Carl Brown, G. C. Gibson, et al., 1947. Report of the Subcommittee on Sedimentation Terminology. Transactions, American Geophysical Union 28(6):936-938.
27. Leopold, L. B., 1992. Sediment Size That Determines Channel Morphology. In: Dynamics of Gravel-bed Rivers, P. Billi, R. D. Hey, C. R. Thorne, and P. Tacconi (Editors). John Wiley and Sons Ltd., New York, New York, pp. 297-311.
28. Leopold, L. B., 1994. A View of the River. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 298 pp.
29. Lisle, T. E., 1979. A Sorting Mechanism for a Riffle-Pool Sequence. Geological Society of America Bulletin 90:1142-1157.
30. Lisle, T. E., 1982. Effects of Aggradation and Degradation on Riffle-Pool Morphology in Natural Gravel Channels, Northwestern California. Water Resources Research 90-6:1643-1651.
31. Lisle, T. E., 1987. Using "Residual Depths" to Monitor Pool Depths Independently of Discharge. Research Note PSW-394, USDA Forest Service, 4 pp.
32. Lisle, T. E. and S. Hilton, 1992. The Volume of Fine Sediment in Pools: An Index of Sediment Supply in Gravel-Bed Streams. Water Resources Bulletin 28(2):371-383.
33. Lisle, T. E, F. Iseya, and H. Ikeda, 1993. Response of a Channel With Alternate Bars to a Decrease in Supply of Mixed-Size Bed Load: A Flume Experiment. Water Resources Research 29(11):3623-3629.
34. Madej, M. A., 1982. Sediment Transport and Channel Changes in an Aggrading Stream in the Puget Lowland, Washington, in Sediment Budgets and Routing in Forested Drainage Basins. Gen. Tech. Report PNW-141, USDA Forest Service. pp. 97-108.
35. Marcus, W. A., S. C. Ladd, J. A. Stoughton, and J. W. Stock, 1995. Pebble Counts and the Role of User-Dependent Bias in Documenting Sediment Size Distributions. Water Resources Research 31(10):2625-2631.
36. McCain, M. E., D. D. Fuller, L. M. Decker, and C. K. Overton, 1990. Stream Habitat Classification and Inventory Procedures for Northern California. FHR Currents No. 1, USDA Forest Service Southwest Region, San Francisco, California.
37. Pfankuch, D. J., 1975. Stream Reach Inventory and Channel Stability Evaluation. R1-75-002, USDA Forest Service, Government Printing Office, No. 696-260/200, Washington, D.C., 26 pp.
38. Rosgen, D. L., 1996. Applied River Morphology, Wildland Hydrology Books, Pagosa Springs, Colorado.
39. SAS Institute Inc., 1988. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Release 6.03 Edition. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina, 1028 pp.
40. Schumm, S. A., 1977. The Fluvial System. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, 338 pp.
41. Steel, R. G. D. and J. H. Torrie, 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach (Second Edition). McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, New York, 633 pp.
42. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 1998. Determination of Threatened Status for the Klamath River and Columbia River Distinct Population Segments of Bull Trout. Federal Register 63(111): 31647-31674.
43. Wolman, M. G., 1954. A Method of Sampling Coarse River Bed Material. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 35(6):951-956.
44. Yang, C. T., 1971. Formation of Riffles and Pools. Water Resources Research 7(6):1567-1574.