Gender Differences in Outcome after an Acute Myocardial Infarction in Singapore

Singapore Medical Journal

Volumn 43, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 243-248

  Kam, R ^a   Cutter, J ^a   Chew, S K ^a,d   Tan, A ^a   Emmanuel, S ^a,e   Mak, K H ^a   Chan, C N S ^a,b   Koh, T H ^a   Lim, Y L ^a,c  

^a DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY   (Singapore)

^b National Heart Cell   (Singapore)

^c MINISTRY OF HEALTH   (Canada)

^d NATIONAL HEALTHCARE GROUP POLYCLINICS   (Singapore)

^e Gleneagles Medical Centre

Author keywords

Age; Females; Myocardial infarction; Survival; Symptoms

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SEX DIFFERENCE; SINGAPORE;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEX FACTORS; SINGAPORE;

EID: 0036560789     PISSN: 00375675     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Health Info Management, Infocomm Division, Ministry of Health. 1999 health facts Singapore Singapore. Ministry of Health, 2000.
2. Thom TJ, Epstein FH. Heart disease, cancer and stroke mortality trends and their interrelations. An international perspective. Circulation 1994; 90.574-82.
3. Sullivan AK, Holdright DR, Wright CA, Sparrow JL, Cunningham D. Chest pain in women: Clinical, investigative, and prognostic features. BMJ 1994; 308:883-6.
4. Fisher L, Kennedy J, Davis KB, Maynard C, Fritz JK, Kaiser G, et al. Assocation of sex, physical size, and operative mortality after coronary artery bypass in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1981; 84:334-41.
5. World Health Statistics Annual World Health Organisation. Geneva. 1996.
6. Lerner DJ, Kannel WB. Patterns in coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in the sexes: A 26-year follow-up of the Framingham population. Am Heart J 1986; 111(2):383-90
7. Tobin J, Smoller - Wassertheil S, Wexler J, Steingart RM, Budner N, Lense L et al Sex bias in considering coronary bypass surgery. Ann Intern Med 1987, 107 19-25
8. Vacarrino V, Krumholz HM, Berkman LF, Horwitz RI. Sex differences in mortality after myocardial infarction: is there evidence for an increased risk in women? Circulation. 1995, 91:1861-71.
9. Peter T, Harper R, Luxton M, Pennington C, Sloman G. Acute myocardial infarction in women. Med J Aust 1978, 189-91.
10. Diffrich H, Oilpin E, Nicod P, Cali G, Henning H, Ross J Jr. Acute myocardial infarction in women: influence of gender on mortality and prognostic variables. Am J Cardiol 1988; 62.1-7.
11. Fiebach NH, Viscoli CM, Horwitz RI. Differences between women and men in survival after myocardial infarction biology or methodology? JAMA 1990; 263:1092-6
12. Robinson K, Conroy RM, Mulchay R, Hickey N Risk factors and in-hospital course of episode of myocardial infarction or acute coronary insufficiency in women. J Am Coll Cardial 1988; 11 932-6
13. Maynard C, Litwin PE, Martin JS, Weaver WD. Gender differences in the treatment and outcome of acute myocardial infarction: results from the Myocardial Infarction Triage and Intervention Registry. Arch Intern Med 1992, 152.972-6
14. Orencia A, Bailey K, Yawn BP, Kofte TE. Effect of gender on long-term outcome of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction/sudden unexpected death JAMA 1993; 269:2392-7.
15. Marrugat J, Anto JM, Sala J, Masia R, for the REGICOR Investigators. Influence of gender in acute and long-term cardiac mortality after a first myocardial infarction. J Clin Epidemiol 1994, 47:111-8.
16. Karlson BW, Herlitz J, Hartford M Prognosis in myocardial infarction in relation to gender Am Heart J 1994, 128.477-83.
17. Marrugat J, Sala J, Masia R, Pavesi M, Sanz G, Valle V, et al. Mortality differences between men and women following first myocardial infarction. JAMA 1998, 280 1405-9.
18. Pulefti M, Sunseri L, Curione M, Erba SM, Borgia C. Acute myocardial infarction, sex-related differences in prognosis Am Heart J 1984, 108:63-6.
19. Greenland P, Reicher-Reiss H, Goldbourt U, Behar S In-hospital and 1-year mortality in 1524 women after myocardial infarction. comparison with 4315 men Circulation 1991, 83 484-91
20. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE, Willich SN, Davis VG, Poole WK, et al Effects of gender and race on prognosis after myocardial infarction: adverse prognosis for women, particularly black women J Am Coll Cardiol 1987, 9 473-82
21. Clarke KW, Gray D, Keating NA, Hampton JR. Do women with acute myocardial infarction receive the same treatment as men? BMJ 1994, 309:563-6
22. Jenkins JS, Flaker GC, Nolte B, Price LA, Morris D, Kurz J, et al. Causes of higher in-hospital mortality in women than in men after acute myocardial infarction Am J Cardiol 1994, 73 319-22.
23. Becker RC, Terrin M, Ross R, Knatterud GL, Desvigne-Nickens P, Gore JM, et al Comparison of clinical outcomes for women and men after acute myocardial infarction The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Investigators. Ann Intern Med 1994; 120:638-45
24. Murabito JM, Evans JC, Larson MG, Levy D Prognosis after the onset of coronary heart disease: an investigation of differences in outcome between the sexes according to initial coronary heart disease presentation Circulation 1993; 88:2548-55
25. He J, Klag MJ, Whelton PK, Yuchang Z, Xinzhi W. Short and long term prognosis after acute myocardial infarction in Chinese men and women Am J Epidem 1994; 139 693-703
26. Kostis JB, Wilson AC, O'Dowd K, Gregory P, Chelton S, Cosgrove NM et al Sex differences in the management and long-term outcome of a cute myocardial infarction A statewide study. MIDAS study group. Circulation 1994, 90 1715-30
27. Demirovic J, Blackburn H, McGovern PG, Luepker R, Sprafka JM, Gilbertson D Sex differences in early mortality after acute myocardial infarction (the Minnesota Heart Survey) Am J Cardiol 1995; 75:1096-101.
28. Vaccarino V, Horwitz RL, Meehan TP, Petrillo MK, Radford MJ, Krumholz HM Sex differences in mortality after myocardial infarction - evidence for a sex-age interaction. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158 2054-62
29. Vaccarino V, Parsons L, Every NR, Barron HV, Krumholz HM for the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 participants. Sex-based differences in early mortality after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:217-25
30. Rosengren A, Spetz CL, Koster M, Hammar N, Alfredsson L, Rosen M. Sex differences in survival after myocardial infarction in Sweden Eur heart J 2001; 22 314-22