Heterodyne mixing in diffusion-cooled superconducting aluminum hot-electron bolometers

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 91, Issue 7, 2002, Pages 4646-4654

  Siddiqi, I ^a   Verevkin, A ^a   Prober, D E ^a   Skalare, A ^b   McGrath, W R ^b   Echternach, P M ^b   Leduc, H G ^b  

^a Yale University   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACKGROUND RADIATION; BROADBAND NOISE; DIFFUSION TIME; DOUBLE SIDE BANDS; ELECTRON PHONON; HEB MIXERS; HETERODYNE MIXING; HOT ELECTRON BOLOMETER; INPUT SIGNAL; INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCIES; LOCAL OSCILLATOR POWER; LOW-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; MICRO-BRIDGE; MIXER NOISE TEMPERATURE; NIOBIUM NITRIDE; OUTPUT SATURATION; PERPENDICULAR MAGNETIC FIELDS; SATURATION EFFECTS; SUPERCONDUCTING HOT-ELECTRON BOLOMETER;

ALUMINUM; BANDWIDTH; BOLOMETERS; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTIONS; HETERODYNING; MIXING; NIOBIUM; NITRIDES; SUPERCONDUCTING DEVICES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TITANIUM;

SUPERCONDUCTING TRANSITION TEMPERATURE;

EID: 0036537215     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1448865     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. R. Blundell and C. E. Tong, Proc. IEEE 80, 1702 (1992). iee IEEPAD 0018-9219
2. G. J. Melnick, J. R. Stauffer, M. L. N. Ashby, E. A. Bergin, G. Chin, N. R. Erickson, P. F. Goldsmith, M. Harwit, J. E. Howe, S. C. Kleiner, D. G. Koch, D. A. Neufeld, B. M. Patten, R. Plume, R. Schieder, R. L. Snell, V. Tolls, Z. Wang, G. Winnewisser, and Y. F. Zhang, Astrophys. J. Lett. 539, L77 (2000). arj AJLEAU 0004-637X
3. J. W. Waters, W. G. Read, L. Froidevaux, P. F. Jarnot, R. E. Cofield, D. A. Flower, G. K. Lau, H. M. Pickett, M. L. Santee, D. L. Wu, M. A. Boyles, J. R. Burke, R. R. Lay, M. S. Loo, N. J. Livesey, T. A. Lungu, G. L. Manney, L. L. Nakamuara, V. S. Perun, B. P. Ridenoure, Z. Shippony, P. H. Siegel, R. P. Thurstans, R. S. Harwood, H. C. Pumphrey, and M. J. Filipiak, J. Atmos. Sci. 56, 194 (1999). jat JAHSAK 0022-4928
4. T. G. Phillips and J. Keene, Proc. IEEE 80, 1662 (1992). iee IEEPAD 0018-9219
5. J. W. Waters, Proc. IEEE 80, 1679 (1992). iee IEEPAD 0018-9219
6. E. A. Bergin, G. J. Melnick, J. R. Stauffer, M. L. N. Ashby, G. Chin, N. R. Erickson, P. F. Goldsmith, M. Harwit, J. E. Howe, S. C. Kleiner, D. G. Koch, D. A. Neufeld, B. M. Pattern, R. Plume, R. Schieder, R. L. Snell, V. Tolls, Z. Wang, G. Winnewisser, and Y. F. Zhang, Astrophys. J. Lett. 539, L129 (2000). arj AJLEAU 0004-637X
7. M. C. Gaidis, H. M. Pickett, C. D. Smith, S. C. Martin, R. P. Smith, and P. H. Siegel, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 48, 733 (2000). iem IETMAB 0018-9480
8. Proceedings of the ESA Symposium "The Far Infrared and Submillimetre Universe" (Grenoble, France, 15-17 April, 1997), p. 201.
9. Proceedings of the IAU Symposium "The Extragalactic Infrared Background and its Cosmological Implications," 15-18 August, 2000, Manchester, England.
10. The National Research Council, Federal Funding of Astronomical Research (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2000).
11. J. Kawamura, J. Chen, D. Miller, J. Kooi, J. Zmuidzinas, B. Bumble, H. G. LeDuc, and J. A. Stern, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 4013 (1999); apl APPLAB 0003-6951
12. B. Jackson, G. de Lange, W. M. Laauwen, J. R. Gao, N. N. Iosad, and T. M. Klapwijk, Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 2000), pp. 238-250.
13. W. R. McGrath, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Signals, Systems, and Electrons (San Francisco, CA 1995), pp. 147-152.
14. A. Skalare, W. R. McGrath, B. Bumble, H. G. LeDuc, P. J. Burke, A. A. Verheijen, and D. E. Prober, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 5, 2236 (1995). tas ITASE9 1051-8223
15. B. S. Karasik, M. C. Gaidis, W. R. McGrath, B. Bumble, and H. G. LeDuc, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 1567 (1997). apl APPLAB 0003-6951
16. J. C. Mather, Appl. Opt. 21, 1125 (1982). apo APOPAI 0003-6935
17. E. M. Gershenzon, G. N. Gol'tsman, I. G. Gogidze, Y. P. Gusev, A. I. Elant'ev, B. S. Karasik, and A. D. Semenov, Superconductivity 3, 1582 (1990).
18. D. E. Prober, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 2119 (1993). apl APPLAB 0003-6951
19. Yu. P. Gousev, G. N. Gol'tsman, A. D. Semenov, E. M. Gershenzon, R. S. Nebosis, M. A. Heusinger, and K. F. Renk, J. Appl. Phys. 75, 3695 (1994). jap JAPIAU 0021-8979
20. S. Cherednichenko, M. Kroug, P. Yagoubov, H. Merkel, E. Kollberg, K. S. Yngvesson, B. Voronov, and G. Gol'tsman, in Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology edited by J. East (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 2000), pp. 219-227.
21. A. D. Semenov, H.-W. Hubers, J. Schubert, G. N. Gol'tsman, A. I. Elantiev, B. M. Voronov, and E. M. Gershenzon, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 6758 (2000). jap JAPIAU 0021-8979
22. P. J. Burke, R. J. Schoelkopf, D. E. Prober, A. Skalare, B. S. Karasik, M. C. Gaidis, W. R. McGrath, B. Bumble, and H. G. LeDuc, J. Appl. Phys. 85, 1644 (1999). jap JAPIAU 0021-8979
23. R. A. Wyss, B. S. Karasik, W. R. McGrath, B. Bumble, and H. LeDuc, in Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, edited by T. Crowe and R. M. Weikle (University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 1999), pp. 215-228.
24. B. S. Karasik and W. R. McGrath, in Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, edited by W. R. McGrath (Pasadena, CA, 1998), pp. 73-80.
25. B. S. Karasik and A. I. Elantiev, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 853 (1996). apl APPLAB 0003-6951
26. P. J. Burke, Ph.D. thesis, Yale University, 1997.
27. J. M. Gordon and A. M. Goldman, Phys. Rev. B 34, 1500 (1986). prb PRBMDO 0163-1829
28. Y. Bruynserade, M. Gijs, C. Van Haesendonck, and G. Deutscher, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 277 (1983). prl PRLTAO 0031-9007
29. P. Santhanam and D. E. Prober, Phys. Rev. B 29, 3733 (1984). prb PRBMDO 0163-1829
30. B. Shinozaki, T. Kawaguti, and Y. Fujimori, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 61, 3678 (1992). jup JUPSAU 0031-9015
31. E. M. Gershenzon, G. N. Gol'tsman, V. D. Potapov, and A. V. Sergeev, Solid State Commun. 75, 639 (1990). ssc SSCOA4 0038-1098
32. M. Park, K. R. Lane, J. M. Parpia, and M. S. Isaacson, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 13, 127 (1995). jva JVTAD6 0734-2101
33. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics 7th ed. (Wiley, New York, 1996), p. 158;
34. P. M. Echternach, H. G. LeDuc, A. Skalare, and W. R. McGrath, in Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, edited by T. Crowe and R. M. Weikle (University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 1999), pp. 261-268.
35. M. Tinkham, Introduction to Superconductivity 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996), p. 162.
36. Y. Krahenbuhl and R. J. Watts-Tobin, J. Low Temp. Phys. 35, 5 (1979). jlt JLTPAC 0022-2291
37. C. C. Chi, P. Santhanam, S. J. Wind, M. J. Brady, and J. J. Bicchigano, Phys. Rev. B 50, 3487 (1994). prb PRBMDO 0163-1829
38. I. Siddiqi, A. Verevkin, D. E. Prober, A. Skalare, B. S. Karasik, W. R. McGrath, P. Echternach, and H. G. LeDuc, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 11, 958 (2001). tas ITASE9 1051-8223
39. W. Liniger, J. Low Temp. Phys. 93, 1 (1993). jlt JLTPAC 0022-2291
40. A. Verbruggen, T. M. Klapwijk, W. Belzig, and J. R. Gao, Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology 14-16 February, 2001, San Diego, CA, pp. 42-46.
41. D. Wilms Floet, J. J. A. Baselmans, and T. M. Klapwijk, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 2826 (1998). apl APPLAB 0003-6951
42. A. Skalare, W. R. McGrath, P. M. Echternach, H. G. LeDuc, I. Siddiqi, A. Verevkin, and D. E. Prober, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 11, 641 (2001). tas ITASE9 1051-8223
43. W. R. McGrath (unpublished).