Broadband flat-gain and low-noise Raman amplifiers pumped by wavelength-multiplexed high-power laser diodes

Optical Fiber Technology

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 107-122

  Emori, Yoshihiro ^a   Kado, Soko ^a   Namiki, Shu ^a  

^a FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO LTD   (Japan)

Author keywords

Broadband amplifier gain flattering; Noise figure; Raman amplifier

Indexed keywords

ENERGY TRANSFER; FIBER LASERS; GAIN CONTROL; OPTICAL PUMPING; SEMICONDUCTOR DOPING; SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS; SPURIOUS SIGNAL NOISE; WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING;

RAMAN AMPLIFIERS;

BROADBAND AMPLIFIERS;

EID: 0036528920     PISSN: 10685200     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1068-5200(02)00003-2     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. 1.28 Tbit/s (32 × 40 Gbit/s) transmission over 1000 km with only 6 spans
2. 2.1-Tbit/s WDM transmission over 7221 km with 80-km repeater spacing
3. 3.08 Tb/s (77 × 42.7 Gb/s) transmission over 1200 km of non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber with 100-km spans using C- and L-band distributed Raman amplification
4. Transmission of 125 WDM channels at 42.7 Gbit/s (5 Tbit/s capacity) over 12 × 100 km of TeraLight ultra fibre
5. 100 Gb/s (10 × 10 Gb/s) WDM transmission over 7200 km using distributed Raman amplification
6. Highly coupled high power pump laser modules
7. The ultra high-power 1480 nm pump laser diode module with fiber Bragg grating
8. High temperature operation quarter watt 1480 nm pump LD module
9. High power 980 nm and 1480 nm lasers
10. High-power 1.48 μm cascaded Raman laser in germanosilicate fibers
11. 75-nm 3-dB gain-band optical amplification with erbium-doped fluoride fibre amplifiers and distributed Raman amplifiers in 9 × 2.5-Gb/s WDM transmission
12. A 92 nm bandwidth Raman amplifier
13. Low-loss integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer-type eight-wavelength multiplexer for 1480-nm band pumping
14. Less than 4.7 dB noise figure broadband in-line EDFA with a Raman amplified - 1300 ps/nm DCF pumped by multi-channel WDM laser diodes
15. Broadband lossless DCF using Raman amplification pumped by multichannel WDM laser diodes
16. 100 nm bandwidth flat gain Raman amplifiers pumped and gain-equalized by 12-wavelength-channel WDM high power laser diodes
17. 100 nm bandwidth flat-gain Raman amplifiers pumped and gain-equalised by 12-wavelength-channel WDM laser diode unit
18. 1-THz-spaced multi-wavelength pumping for broadband Raman amplifiers
19. Raman response function of silica-core fibers
20. Raman gain in glass optical waveguides
21. Polarization effects in fiber Raman and Brillouin lasers
22. 5
23. Broadband Raman amplifiers design and practice
24. Temperature-dependent gain and noise in fiber Raman amplifiers
25. Temperature dependence of the gain in erbium doped fibers
26. Gain-flattening filters with autonomous temperature stabilization of Erbium gain
27. Rayleigh scattering limitations in distributed Raman pre-amplifiers
28. Field demonstration of distributed Raman amplification with 3.8 dB Q-improvement for 5 × 120 km transmission
29. Pump to signal RIN transfer in Raman fiber amplifiers
30. High power, low RIN, spectrally-broadened 14xx DFB pump for application in co-pumped Raman amplification
31. Broadband flat-noise Raman amplifier using low-noise bi-directionally pumping sources
32. Broadband Raman amplifier for WDM
33. Simple gain control method for broadband Raman amplifiers gain-flattened by multi-wavelength pumping
34. Ultrabroad-band Raman amplifiers pumped and gain-equalized by wavelength-division-multiplexed high-power laser diodes
35. Fundamental noise limits in broadband Raman amplifiers
36. Multi-wavelength pumped silica-fibre Raman amplifiers