Existence of two emm-like "mrp" and "emm" genes in the mga regulon of the Streptococcus pyogenes strain ST4547

Journal of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 23-28

  Eshaghi, Majid ^a   Ali, Abdul M ^a   Jamal, Faridah ^a   Yusoff, Khatijah ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

GAS; mga regulon; mrp and emm genes; Streptococcus pyogenes

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACID; NUCLEOTIDE; PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; GENE LOCATION; GENE SEQUENCE; HUMAN; MALAYSIA; MALE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; REGULON; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANTIGENS, BACTERIAL; BACTERIAL OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BASE SEQUENCE; CARRIER PROTEINS; CODON; DNA, BACTERIAL; GENES, BACTERIAL; MEMBRANE PROTEINS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; OPEN READING FRAMES; PHYLOGENY; REGULON; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); PROKARYOTA; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES;

EID: 0036486854     PISSN: 10258140     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10258140290010188     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Facklam, R., Beall, B., Efstratiou, A., Fischetti, V., Johnson, D., Kaplan, E., Kriz, P., Lovgren, M., Martin, D., Schwartz, B., Totolian, A., Bessen, D., Hollingshead, S., Rubbin, F., Scott, J. and Tyrrell, G. (1999) "emm typing and validation of provisional M types for group A streptococci", Emerg. Infect. Dis. 5, 1-9.
2. Whitnack, E. and Beachey, E.H. (1985) "Inhibition of complement-mediated opsonisation and phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes by D fragments of fibrinogen and fibrin bound to cell surface M protein", J. Exp. Med. 162, 1983-1997.
3. Whatmore, A.M. and Kehoe, M.A. (1994) "Horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of group A streptococcal emm-like genes: gene mosaics and variation in Vir regulons", Mol. Microbiol. 11, 363-374.
4. Fischetti, V.A. (1989) "Streptococcal M protein: molecular design and biological behavior", Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2, 285-314.
5. Haanes, E. and Cleary, P. (1989) "Identification of a divergent M protein gene and an M protein related gene family in Streptococcus pyogenes serotype 49", J. Bacteriol. 171, 6397-6408.
6. Harbaugh, M.P., Podbielski, A., Hugl, S. and Cleary, P.P. (1993) "Nucleotide substitutions and small-scale insertion produce size and antigenic variation in group A streptococcal M1 protein", Mol. Microbiol. 8, 981-991.
7. Hollingshead, S.K., Fischetti, V.A. and Scott, J.R. (1987) "Size variation in group A streptococcal M protein is generated by homologous recombination between intragenic repeats", Mol. Gen. Genet. 207, 196-203.
8. Hollingshead, S.K., Fischetti, V.A. and Scott, J.R. (1986) "Complete nucleotide sequence of type 6 M protein of the group A streptococcus: repetitive structure and membrane anchor", J. Biol. Chem. 261, 1677-1686.
9. Scott, J.R. (1990) "The M protein of group A streptococcus: evolution and regulation", The bacteria (Academic Press, New York), Vol. 11, pp 117-203.
10. Whatmore, A.M., Kapur, V., Sulliva, D.J., Musser, J.M. and Kehoe, M.A. (1994) "Non-congruent relationships between variation in emm gene sequences and the population genetic structure of group A streptococci", Mol. Microbiol. 14, 619-631.
11. Haanes, E.J., Heath, D.G. and Cleary, P.P. (1992) "Architecture of the Vir regulons of group A streptococci parallels opacity factor phenotype and M protein class", J. Bacteriol. 174, 4967-4976.
12. Beall, B., Gherardi, G., Lovgren, M., Facklam, R.R., Forwick, B.A. and Tyrrell, G.J. (2000) "emm and sof gene sequence variation in relation to serological typing of opacity-factor-positive group A streptococci", Microbiol. 146, 1195-1209.
13. Hollingshead, S.K., Readdy, T.L., Yung, D.L. and Bessen, D.E. (1993) "Structural heterogeneity of the emm gene cluster in group A streptococci", Mol. Microbiol. 8, 707-717.
14. Gomi, H., Hozumi, T., Hattori, S., Tagawa, C., Kishimoto, F. and Bjorck, L. (1990) "The gene sequence and some properties of protein H. A novel IgG-binding protein", J. Immunol. 144, 4046-4052.
15. Podbielski, A. (1993) "Three different types of organization of the Vir regulon in group A streptococci", Mol. Gen. Genet. 237, 287-300.
16. Jamal, F., Pit, S., Facklam, R. and Beall, B. (1999) "New emm (M protein gene) sequences of group A streptococci isolated from Malaysian patients", Emerg. Infect. Dis. 5, 10-14.
17. Johnson, D.R. and Kaplan, E.L. (1988) "Microtechnique for serum opacity factor characterization of group A streptococci adaptable to the use of human sera", J. Clin. Microbiol. 26, 2025-2030.
18. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed. (CSH Press, USA) Vol. II.
19. Wilbur, W.J. and Lipman, D.J. (1983) "Rapid similarity searches of nucleic acid and protein data banks", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 80, 726-730.
20. Kimura, M. (1980) "A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences", J. Mol. Evol. 16, 111-120.
21. Heden, L.O. and Lindahl, G. (1993) "Conserved and variable regions in protein Arp, the IgA receptor of Streptococcus pyogenes", J. Gen. Microbiol. 139, 2067-2074.
22. Simpson, W.J., Musser, J.M. and Cleary, P.P. (1992) "Evidence consistent with horizontal transfer of the gene (emm12) encoding serotype M12 protein between group A and group G pathogenic streptococci", Infect. Immun. 60, 1890-1893.