Prostate cancer diagnosis, staging and survival

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 17-27

  Narain, Vivek ^a   Cher, Michael L ^a   Wood Jr , David P ^a  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Diagnosis; Prostate cancer; Survival

Indexed keywords

PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN;

ANTIGEN DETECTION; BEAM THERAPY; BONE SCINTISCANNING; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RESEARCH; CANCER RISK; CANCER SCREENING; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CAUSE OF DEATH; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; FAMILY HISTORY; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; MEDICAL EXAMINATION; METASTASIS; NEEDLE BIOPSY; NEGRO; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE BIOPSY; PROSTATE CARCINOMA; PROSTATECTOMY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

HUMANS; MALE; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROGNOSIS; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 0036403266     PISSN: 01677659     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1020104004588     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. Cancer Facts & Figures 2001, American Cancer Society http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/F&F2001.pdf accessed Dec 16, 2001
2. Aus G. Hugosson J, Norlen L: Long-term survival among men with conservatively treated localized prostate cancer. J Urol 154: 460-465, 1995
3. Ries LAG, Hankey BF, Miller BA: Cancer Statistics Review 1973-1988. Bethesda: National Cancer Institute (NIH Publication No. 91-2789), 1991
4. Ries LAG, Miller BA, Hankey BF, Kosary CL, Harras A, Edwards BK (eds) SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1973-1991: Tables and Graphs. Bethesda: National Cancer Institute, 371 (NIH Publication No. 94-2789.), 1994
5. Schwartz KL, Severson RK, Gurney JG, Montie JE: Trends in the stage specific incidence of prostate carcinoma in the Detroit metropolitan area, 1973-1994. Cancer 15: 1260-1266, 1996
6. Wilt TJ, Partin MR, Liang BA: Outcome-based practice: Early detection and treatment of prostate cancer. Hosp Phys 37(2): 54-67, 2001
7. Labrie F, Dupont A, Candas B: Decrease of prostate cancer death by screening: First data from the Quebec prospective and randomized study. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol, 1998, Los Angeles, California.
8. Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, Basler JW: Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based screening. JAMA 270: 948-954, 1993
9. Bartsch G, Horninger W, Klocker H, Oberaigner W, Severi G, Robertson C, Boyle P: Decrease in prostate cancer mortality following introduction of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening in the federal state of Tyrol, Austria. (Abstract) J Urol 163 (Suppl 4): 88, Abstract 387, 2000
10. American Foundation for Urologic Disease. Prostate cancer resource guide. 1999-2000 edition. http://www.afud.org/pca/pcaindex.html accessed Dec 16, 2001
11. Mettlin C, Jones G, Averett H, Gusberg SB, Murphy GP: Defining and updating the American Cancer Society guidelines for the cancer-related checkup: Prostate and endometrial cancers. CA Cancer J Clin 43: 42-46, 1993
12. Pienta KJ, Esper RS: Risk factors for prostate cancer: Ann Intern Med 118: 793-803, 1993
13. Ries LA, Kosary CL, Hankey BF: SEER cancer statistics review, 1973-1994; tables and graphs. Bethesda (MD); US National Cancer Institute; NIH Publication No. 97-2789, 1997
14. Breslow N, Chan CW, Dhom G, Drury RA, Franks LM, Gellei B, Lee YS, Lundberg S, Sparke B, Sternby NH, Tulinius H: Latent carcinoma of prostate at autopsy in seven areas. Int J Cancer 20: 680-688, 1977
15. Edwards CN, Steinthorsson E, Nicholson D: An autopsy study of latent prostatic cancer. Cancer 6: 531-554, 1953
16. Halpert B, Schmalhorst WR: Carcinoma of the prostate in patients 70 to 79 years old. Cancer 19: 695-698, 1966
17. Scott R Jr, Mutchnik DL, Laskowski TZ, Schmalhorst WR: Carcinoma of the prostate in elderly men: Incidence, growth characteristics and clinical significance. J Urol 101(4): 602-607, 1969
18. Sakr WA, Haas GP, Cassin BF, Pontes JE, Crissman JD: The frequency of carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the prostate in young male patients. J Urol 150: 379-385, 1993
19. Parker SL, Davis KJ, Wingo PA, Ries LA, Heath CW Jr.: Cancer Statistics by Race and Ethnicity. CA Cancer J Clin 48(1): 31-48, 1998
20. Spitz MR, Currier RD, Fueger JJ, Babaian RJ, Newell GR: Familial patterns of prostate cancer: A case-control analysis. J Urol 146(5): 1305-1307, 1991
21. Smith JR, Freije D, Carpten JD, Gronberg H, Xu J, Isaacs SD, Brownstein MJ, Bova GS, Guo H, Bujnovszky P, Nusskern DR, Damber JE, Bergh A, Emanuelsson M, Kallioniemi OP, Walker-Daniels J, Bailey-Wilson JE, Beaty TH, Meyers DA, Walsh PC, Collins FS, Trent JM, Isaacs WB: Major susceptibility locus for prostate cancer on chromosome 1 suggested by a genome-wide search. Science 274(5291): 1371-1374, 1996
22. Gronberg H, Smith J, Emanuelsson M, Jonsson BA, Bergh A, Carpten J, Isaacs W, Xu J, Meyers D, Trent J, Damber JE: In Swedish families with hereditary prostate cancer, linkage to the HPC1 locus on chromosome 1q2-25 is restricted to families with early-onset prostate cancer. Am J Hum Genet 65(1): 134-140, 1999
23. Gronberg H, Isaacs SD, Smith JR, Carpten JD, Bova GS, Freije D, Xu J, Meyers DA, Collins FS, Trent JM, Walsh PC, Isaacs WB: Characteristics of prostate cancer in families potentially linked to the hereditary prostate cancer 1 (HPC1) locus. JAMA 278(15): 1251-1255, 1997
24. Xu J, Meyers D, Freije D, Isaacs S, Wiley K, Nusskern D, Ewing C, Wilkens E, Bujnovszky P, Bova GS, Walsh P, Isaacs W, Schleutker J, Matikainen M, Tammela T, Visakorpi T, Kallioniemi OP, Berry R, Schaid D, French A, McDonnell S, Schroeder J, Blute M, Thibodeau S, Trent J: Evidence for a prostate cancer susceptibility locus on the X chromosome. Nat Genet. 20(2): 175-179, 1998
25. Gann, PH: Diet and prostate cancer risk: The embarrassment of riches. Cancer Causes Control 9: 541-543, 1998
26. Littrup PJ, Kane RA, Mettlin CJ, Murphy GP, Lee F, Toi A, Badalament R, Babaian R: Cost effective prostate cancer detection. Cancer 74(12): 3146-3158, 1994
27. Candas B, Cusan L, Gomez J-L, Diamond P, Suburu RE, Levesque J, Brousseau G, Belanger A, Labrie F: Evaluation of prostate specific antigen and digital rectal examination as screening tests for prostate cancer. Prostate 45(1): 19-35, 2000
28. Gerber GS, Thompson IM, Thisted R, Chodak GW: Disease-specific survival following routine prostate cancer screening by digital rectal examination. JAMA 269(1): 61-64, 1993
29. Richie JP, Catalona WJ, Ahmann FR, Hudson MA, Scardino PT, Flanigan RC, deKernion JB, Ratliff TL, Kavoussi LR, Dalkin BL: Effect of patient age on early detection of prostate cancer with serum prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination. Urology 42(4): 365-374, 1993
30. McNeal JE, Bostwick DG, Kindrachuk RA, Redwine EA, Freiha FS, Stamey TA: Patterns of progression in prostate cancer. Lancet 1(8472): 60-63, 1986
31. Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, Dodds KM, Coplen DE, Yuan JJ, Petros JA, Andriole GL: Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 324(17): 1156-1161, 1991
32. Catalona WJ, Richie JP, Ahmann FR, Hudson MA, Scardino PT, Flanigan RC, deKernion JB, Ratliff TL, Kavoussi LR, Dalkin BL: Comparison of digital rectal examination and serum prostate specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer: Results of a multicenter clinical trial of 6,630 men. J Urol 151(5): 1283-1290,1994
33. Pedersen KV, Carlsson P, Varenhorst E, Lofman O, Berglund K: Screening for carcinoma of the prostate by digital rectal examination in a randomly selected population. BMJ 300(6731): 1041-1044, 1990
34. Coley CM, Barry MJ, Fleming C, Mulley AG. Early detection of prostate cancer. Part I: Prior probability and effectiveness of tests. American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 126(5): 394-406, 1997
35. Elgamal AA, Van de Voorde W, Van Poppel H, Lauweryns J, Baert L: Immunihistochemical localization of prostate-specific markers within the accessory male sex glands of Cowper, Littre, and Morgagni. Urol 44(1): 84-90, 1994
36. Andriole GL, Catalona WJ: Using PSA to screen for prostate cancer: The Washington University experience. Urol Clin North Am 20(4): 647-651, 1993
37. Brawer MK, Chetner MP, Beatie J, Buchner DM, Vessella RL, Lange PH: Screening for prostatic carcinoma with prostate specific antigen. J Urol 147(3 Pt 2): 841-845, 1992
38. Oesterling JE: Prostate-specific antigen: A critical assessment of the most useful tumor marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 145: 907-923, 1991
39. Catalona WJ, Partin AW, Slawin KM, Brawer MK, Flanigan RC, Patel A, Richie JP, deKernion JB, Walsh PC, Scardino PT, Lange PH, Subong EN, Parson RE, Gasior GH, Loveland KG, Southwick PC: Use of the percentage free prostate-specific antigen to enhance differentiation of prostate cancer from benign prostatic disease: A prospective multicenter clinical trial. JAMA 279(19): 1542-1547, 1998
40. Semjonow A, Hamm M, Rathert P, Hertle L: Prostate-specific antigen corrected for prostate volume improves differentiation of benign prostatic hyperplasia and organ-confined prostatic cancer. Br J Urol 73(5): 538-543, 1994
41. Carter HB, Pearson JD, Metter EJ, Brant LJ, Chart DW, Andres R, Fozard JL, Walsh PC: Longitudinal evaluation of prostate-specific antigen levels in men with and without prostate disease. JAMA 267(16): 2215-2220, 1992
42. Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Chute CG, Guess HA, Girman CJ, Panser LA, Lieber MM: Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men: Established of age-specific reference ranges. JAMA 270(7): 860-864, 1993
43. Moul JW: Use, Interpretation, and Prognostic Value of Total and Free PSA tests. Mediguide Urol 12(2): 1-8, 1999
44. Powell IJ, Banerjee M, Novallo M, Sakr W, Grignon D, Wood DP, Pontes JE: Should the age specific prostate specific antigen cutoff for prostate cancer biopsy be higher for black than for white men older than 50 years? J Urol 163(1): 146-149, 2000
45. Smith DS, Catalona, WJ, Bullock AD: Lower total PSA cutoffs for cancer screening in African American men. Urol 157(suppl): 160 Abstract No. 618, 1997
46. Schwartz KL, Grignon DJ, Sakr WA, Wood DP Jr: Prostate cancer histologic trends in the metropolitan Detroit area, 1982 to 1996, Urology 53(4): 769-774,1999
47. Aarnink RG, Beerlage, HP, De La Rosette JJ, Debruyne FM, Wijkstra H: Transrectal ultrasound of the prostate: innovations and future applications. J Urol 159: 1568-1579, 1998
48. Halpern EJ, Strup SE: Using gray-scale and color and power Dopler sonography to detect prostatic cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol 174(3): 623-627, 2000
49. Chang JJ, Shinohara K, Bhargava V, Presti JC Jr: Prospective evaluation of lateral biopsies of the peripheral zone for prostate cancer detection. J Urol 160 (6 Pt 1): 2111-2114, 1998
50. Davis GL: Sensitivity of frozen section examination of pelvic lymph nodes for metastatic prostate carcinoma. Cancer 76: 661-668, 1995
51. Tiguert R, Gheiler EL, Tefilli MV, Oskanian P, Banerjee M, Grignon DJ, Sakr W, Pontes JE, Wood DP Jr: Lymph node size does not correlate with the presence of prostate cancer matastasis. Urology 53(2): 367-371, 1999
52. Sodee DB, Conant R, Chalfant M, Miron S, Klein E, Bahnson R, Spirnak JP, Carlin B, Bellon EM, Rogers B: Preliminary imaging results using IN-III labeled CYT-356 (Prostascint) in the detection of recurrent prostate cancer. Clin Nucl Med 21(10): 759-769, 1996
53. Chybowski FM, Keller JJ, Bergstralh EJ, Oesterling JE: Predicting radionuclide bone scan findings in patients with newly diagnosed untreated prostate cancer: Prostate specific antigen is superior to all other clinical parameters. J Urol 145(2): 313-318, 1991
54. Wood DP, Banerjee M: Presence of circulating prostate cells in the bone marrow of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy is predictive of disease free survival. J Clin Oncol 15(12): 3451-3457, 1997
55. Gao CL, Dean RC, Pinto A, Mooneyhan R, Connelly RR, McLeod DG, Srivastava S, Moul JW: Detection of circulating prostate specific antigen expressing prostatic cells in the bone marrow of radical prostatectomy patients by sensitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. J Urol 161(4): 1070-1076, 1999
56. Cher ML, de Oliveira JG, Beaman AA, Nemeth JA, Hussain M, Wood DP Jr: Cellular proliferation and prevalence of micrometastatic cells in the bone marrow of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 5(9): 2421-2425, 1999
57. Bianco FJ Jr, Wood DP Jr, Gomes de Oliveira J, Nemeth JA, Beaman AA, Cher ML: Proliferation of prostate cancer cells in the bone marrow predicts recurrence in patients with localized prostate cancer. Prostate 49(4): 235-242, 2001
58. Ogura K, Maekawa S, Okubo K, Aoki Y, Okada T, Oda K, Watanabe Y, Tsukayam C, Arai Y: Dynamic endorectal magnetic resonance imaging for local staging and detection of neurovascular bundle involvement of prostate cancer: Correlation with histopathologic results. Urology 57: 721-726, 2001
59. Partin AW, Yoo J, Carter HB, Pearson JD, Chan DW, Epstein JI, Walsh PC: The use of prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, and Gleason score to predict pathological stage in men with localized prostate cancer. J Urol 150(1): 110-114, 1993
60. Badalament RA, Miller MC, Peller PA, Young DC, Bahn DK, Kochie P, O'Dowd GJ, Veltri RW: An algorithm for predicting non-organ confined prostate cancer using the results obtained from sextant core biopsies with prostate-specific antigen level. J Urol 156(4): 1375-1380, 1996
61. Partin AW, Kattan MW, Subong EN, Walsh PC, Wojno KJ, Oesterling JE, Scardino PT, Pearson JD: Combination of prostate specific antigen, clinical stage, and Gleason score to predict pathological stage of logical prostate cancer. JAMA 277(18): 1445-1451, 1997.