Spontaneous arousal activity in infants during NREM and REM sleep

Journal of Physiology

Volumn 538, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 263-269

  McNamara, Frances ^a   Lijowska, Anna S ^a   Thach, Bradley T ^a  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APNEA; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN STEM; BREATHING MECHANICS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ELECTROOCULOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INFANT; MALE; NONREM SLEEP; NORMAL HUMAN; PERIODICITY; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REM SLEEP; RESPIRATORY AIRFLOW; STARTLE REFLEX; STEREOTYPY; VIDEORECORDING; SPONTANEOUS AROUSAL ACTIVITY;

APNEA; AROUSAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; PERIODICITY; SLEEP STAGES; SLEEP, REM; STARTLE REACTION;

EID: 0036399191     PISSN: 00223751     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2001.012507     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. ALVAREZ, J. E., BODANI, J., FAJARDO, C. A., KWIATKOWSKI, K., CATES, D. B. & RIGATTO, H. (1993). Sighs and their relationship to apnea in the newborn infant. Biology of the Neonate 63, 139-146.
2. ANDERS, T., EMDE, R., PARMALEE, AH. (EDS) (1971). A Manual of Standardised Terminology, Techniques and Criteria for Scoring States of Sleep and Wakefulness in Newborn Infants. UCLA Brain Information Service/Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles.
3. BERRY, R. B., ASYALL, M. A., MCNELLIS, M. I. & KHOO, M. C. K. (1998). Within-night variation in respiratory effort preceding apnea termination and EEG delta power in sleep apnea. Journal of Applied Physiology 85, 1434-1441.
4. CARLEY, D. W., APPLEBAUM, R., BASNER, R. C., ONAL, E. & LOPATA, M. (1997). Respiratory and arousal responses to acoustic stimulation. Chest 112, 1567-1571.
5. 2-induced hyperpnoea of newborn infants. Journal of Physiology 490, 551-557.
6. FLEMING, P. J., GONCALVES, A. L., LEVINE, M. R. & WOOLLARD, S. (1984). The development of stability of respiration in human infants: changes in ventilatory responses to spontaneous sighs. Journal of Physiology 347, 1-16.
7. GALLAND, B. C., REEVES, G., TAYLOR, B. J. & BOLTON, D. P. G. (1998). Sleep position, autonomic function and arousal. Archives of Diseases of Children, Fetal Neonatal Edition 78, F189-194.
8. GLOGOWSKA, M., RICHARDSON, P. S., WIDDICOMBE, J. G. & WINNING, A. J. (1972). The role of the vagus nerves, peripheral chemoreceptors; and other afferent pathways in the genesis of augmented breaths in cats and rabbits. Respiration Physiology 16, 179-196.
9. HARPER, R. M., KINNEY, H. C., FLEMING, P. J. & THACH, B. T. (2000). Sleep influences on homeostatic functions: implications for sudden infant death syndrome. Respiration Physiology 119, 123-132.
10. HESS, C. W., MILLS, K. R., MURRAY, N. M. F. & SCHRIEFER, T. N. (1987). Excitability of the human motor cortex is enhanced during REM sleep. Neuroscience Letters 82, 47-52.
11. HOCH, B., BERNHARD, M. & HINSCH, A. (1998). Different patterns of sighs in neonates and young infants. Biology of the Neonate 74, 16-21.
12. HOPPENBROUWERS, T., HODGMAN, J. E., ARAKAWA, K., MCGINTY, D. J., MASON, J., HARPER, R. M. & STERMAN, M. B. (1978). Sleep apnea as part of a sequence of events: a comparison of three months old infants at low and increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Neuropädiatrie 9, 320-337.
13. ISSA, F. G. & SULLIVAN, C. E. (1983). Arousal and breathing responses to airway occlusion in healthy sleeping adults. Journal of Applied Physiology 55, 1113-1119.
14. KAHN, A., GROSWASSER, J., REBUFFAT, E., SOTTIAUX, M., BLUM, D., FOERSTER, M., FRANCO, P., BOCHNER, A., ALEXANDER, M., BACHY, A., RICHARD, P., VERGHOTE, M., LE POLAIN, D. & WAYENBERG, J. L. (1992). Sleep and cardiorespiratory characteristics of infant victims of sudden infant death: a prospective case-control study. Sleep 15, 287-292.
15. KORNER, A. F. (1969). Neonatal startles, smiles, erections and reflex sucks as related to state, sex and individuality. Child Development 40, 1039-1053.
16. LIJOWSKA, A. S., REED, N. W., MERTINS CHIODINI, B. A. & THACH, B. T. (1997). Sequential arousal and airway defensive behavior of infants in asphyxial sleep environments. Journal of Applied Physiology 83, 219-228.
17. MCGINTY, D. J., LONDON, M. S., BAKER, T. L., STEVENSON, M., HOPPENBROUWERS, T., HARPER, R. M., STERMAN, M. B. & HODGMAN, J. (1979). Sleep apnea in normal kittens. Sleep 1, 393-421.
18. MCGRAW, M. B. (1937). The moro reflex. American Journal of Diseases of Childhood 51, 240-251.
19. MCNAMARA, F., ISSA, F. G. & SULLIVAN, C. E. (1996). Arousal pattern following central and obstructive breathing abnormalities in infants and children. Journal of Applied Physiology 81, 2651-2657.
20. MCNAMARA, F. & SULLIVAN, C. E. (1999). Effects of nasal CPAP therapy on respiratory and spontaneous arousals in infants with OSA. Journal of Applied Physiology 87, 889-896.
21. MCNAMARA, F., WULBRAND, H. & THACH, B. T. (1998). Characteristics of the infant arousal response. Journal of Applied Physiology 85, 2314-2321.
22. MEAD, J. & COLLIER, C. (1959). Relation of volume history of lungs to respiratory mechanics in anesthetised dogs. Journal of Applied Physiology 14, 669-678.
23. MONTSERRAT, J. M., KOSMAS, E. N., COSIO, M. G. & KIMOFF, R. J. (1996). Mechanisms of apnea lengthening across the night in obstructive sleep apnea. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 154, 988-993.
24. OREM, J. & TROTTER, R. H. (1993). Medullary respiratory neuronal activity during augmented breaths in intact unanesthetised cats. Journal of Applied Physiology 74, 761-769.
25. PAGE, M. & JEFFERY, H. E. (1998). Air-way protection in sleeping infants in response to pharyngeal fluid stimulation in the supine position. Pediatric Research 44, 691-698.
26. PEREZ-PADILLA, R., WEST, P. & KRYGER, M. H. (1983). Sighs during sleep in adult humans. Sleep 6, 234-243.
27. READ, P. A., HORNE, R. S. C., CRANAGE, S. M., WALKER, A. M., WALKER, D. W. & ADAMSON, T. M. (1998). Dynamic changes in arousal threshold during sleep in the human infant. Pediatric Research 43, 697-703.
28. RECHSCHTAFFEN, A. & KALES, A. (EDS) (1968). A Manual of Standardised Terminology, Techniques and Scoring System of Human Subjects. UCLA Brain Information Service/Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles.
29. SCHECHTMANN, V. L., HARPER, R. M., WILSON, A. J. & SOUTHALL, D. P. (1992). Sleep state organisation in normal infants and victims of the sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics 89, 865-870.
30. SLEEP DISORDERS ATLAS TASK FORCE OF THE AMERICAN SLEEP DISORDERS ASSOCIATION (1992). EEG arousals: scoring rules and examples. Sleep 15, 173-184.
31. STERIADE, M. & MCCARLEY, R. W. (1990). Brainstem Control of Wakefulness and Sleep, p. 223. Plenum Press, New York.
32. THACH, B. T. & TAEUSCH, H. W. JR (1976). Sighing in newborn human infants: Role of inflation-augmenting reflex. Journal of Applied Physiology 41, 502-507.
33. WAGGENER, T. B., FRANTZ III, I. D., STARK, A. R. & KRONAUER, R. E. (1982). Oscillatory breathing patterns leading to apneic spells in infants. Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiration, Environment and Exercise Physiology 52, 1288-1295.
34. WOLFF, P. H. (1959). Observations on newborn infants. Psychosomatic Medicine 21, 110-118.
35. WULBRAND, H., MCNAMARA, F. & THACH, B. T. (1998). Suppression of sigma spindle EEG activity as a measure of transient arousal following spontaneous and occlusion evoked sighs and startles. Pediatric Research 44, 767-773.