Sea level response to ENSO along the central California coast: How the 1997-1998 event compares with the historic record

Progress in Oceanography

Volumn 54, Issue 1-4, 2002, Pages 149-169

  Ryan, H F ^a   Noble, M ^a  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

Author keywords

California; El Ni o phenomena; Kelvin waves; San Francisco; Sea level; USA

Indexed keywords

COASTAL ZONES; WAVES;

DECADAL OSCILLATIONS;

SEA LEVEL;

EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; SEA LEVEL CHANGE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0036377966     PISSN: 00796611     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6611(02)00047-2     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Anderson, N. O. (1974). On the calculation of filter coefficients for maximum entropy spectral analysis. Geophysics, 39, 69-72.
2. Breaker, L. C., & Lewis, P. A. W. (1988). A 40-50 day oscillation in sea-surface temperature along the central California coast. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 26, 395-408.
3. Cayan, D. R., & Webb, R. H. (1992). El Nino/Southern Oscillation and streamflow in the western United States. In H. G. Diaz, & V. Markgraf (Eds.), El Nino-historical and paleoclimatic aspects of the Southern Oscillation (pp. 29-68). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4. Chart, D. A., Fox, C. A., & Leben, R. R. (1998). Detection of coastally trapped intraseasonal Kelvin waves in the Pacific Ocean using satellite altimetry. EOS, 79, OS50 (abstract).
5. Chavez, F. P. (1996). Forcing and biological impact of onset of the 1992 El Niño in central California. Geophysical Research Letters, 23, 265-268.
6. Chavez, F. P., Strutton, P. G., & McPhaden, M. J. (1998). Biological-physical coupling in the central equatorial Pacific during the onset of the 1997-98 El Nino. Geophysical Research Letters, 25, 3543-3546.
7. Chelton, D. B., Bernal, P. A., & McGowan, J. A. (1982). Large-scale interannual physical and biological interaction in the California Current. Journal of Marine Research, 40, 1095-1125.
8. Chelton, D. B., & Davis, R. E. (1982). Monthly mean sea-level variability along the west coast of North America. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 12, 757-783.
9. Collins, C.A., Castro, C.G., Asanuma, H., Rago, T.A., Han, S.-K., Durazo, R., & Chavez, F.P. (2002). Changes in the hydrography of central California waters associated with the 1997-98 El Niño. Progress in Oceanography, this issue, PII: S0079-6611(02)00046-0.
10. Davis, R. E., & Bogden, P. S. (1989). Variability on the California shelf forced by local and remote winds during the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94, 4763-4784.
11. Denbo, D.W., Lobain, K., Allen, J.S., Huyer, A., & Smith, R.L. (1984). Current meter observations over the continental shelf off Oregon and California, February 1981-January 1984. Data Report 112, Ref. 84-12. Collections of Oceanography, Oregon State University, Corvallis.
12. Emery, W. J., & Hamilton, K. (1985). Atmospheric forcing of interannual variability in the northeast Pacific Ocean: connections with El Nino. Journal of Geophysical Research, 90, 857-868.
13. Enfield, D. B. (1987). The intraseasonal oscillation in eastern Pacific sea levels: how is it forced? Journal of Physical Oceanography, 17, 1860-1876.
14. Enfield, D. B., & Allen, J. S. (1980). On the structure and dynamics of monthly sea level anomalies along the Pacific coast of North and South America. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 10, 557-578.
15. Goddard, L., & Graham, N. E. (1997). El Niño and the 1990s. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 10.
16. Halliwell, G. R., & Allen, J. S. (1987). The large-scale wind field along the west coast of North America, 1981-1982. Journal of Geophysical Research, 92, 1861-1884.
17. Hayward, T. L. (1998). The 1997-98 El Nino in coastal California waters: the Cal-COFI perspective. EOS, 79, F523 (abstract).
18. Huyer, A., Hickey, B. M., Smith, J. D., Smith, R. L., & Pillsbury, R. D. (1975). Alongshore coherence at low frequencies in currents observed over the continental shelf off Oregon and Washington. Journal of Geophysical Research, 80, 3495-3505.
19. Huyer, A., & Smith, R. L. (1985). The signature of El Niño off Oregon, 1982-1983. Journal of Geophysical Research, 90, 7133-7142.
20. Johnson, M. A., & O'Brien, J. J. (1990). The northeast Pacific Ocean response to the 1982-1983 El Nino. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95, 7155-7166.
21. Kessler, W. S., & McPhaden, M. J. (1995). Forcing of intraseasonal Kelvin waves in the equatorial Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research, 100, 10.
22. Latif, M., Kleeman, R., & Eckert, C. (1997). Greenhouse warming, decadal variability, or El Nino? An attempt to understand the anomalous 1990s. Journal of Climate, 10, 2221-2239.
23. Limeburner, R. (1985). CODE-2, moored array and large-scale data report. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute Technical Report, WHOI 85-35, 234.
24. Lynn, R.J., Baumgartner, T., Collins, C.A., Garcia, J., Hayward, T.L., Hyrenbach, K.D., Mantyla, A.W., & Murphree, T. (1998). The state of the California Current, 1997-98: transition to El Niño conditions. CalCOFI report, California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, La Jolla, CA, vol. 9, p. 25-49.
25. Lynn, R.J., & Bograd, S.J. (2001). Dynamic evolution of the 1997-99 El Niño-La Niña cycle in the southern California current system. Progress in Oceanography, this issue, PII: S0079-6611(02)00043-5.
26. Mantua, N. J., Hare, S. R., Zhang, Y., Wallace, J. M., & Francis, R. C. (1997). A Pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78, 1069-1079.
27. McCreary, J. (1976). Eastern tropical ocean response to changing wind systems: with application to El Niño. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 6, 632-645.
28. McPhaden, M. J. (1999). The child prodigy of 1997-98. Nature (London), 398, 559-562.
29. McPhaden, M. J., Busalacchi, A. J., Cheney, R., Donguy, J., Gage, K. S., Halpern, D., Ji, M., Julian, P., Meyers, G., Mitchum, G. T., Niiler, P. P., Picaut, J., Reynolds, R. W., Smith, N., & Takeuchi, K. (1998). The Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere observing system: a decade of progress. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 14.
30. Meyers, S. D., Melsom, A., Mitchum, G. T., & O'Brien, J. J. (1998). Detection of fast Kelvin wave teleconnection clue to El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 27.
31. Moore, D.W. (1968). Planetary-gravity waves in an equatorial ocean. PhD thesis, Harvard University.
32. Norton, J. G., & McLain, D. R. (1994). Diagnostic patterns of seasonal and interannual temperature variation off the west coast of the United States: local and remote large-scale atmospheric forcing. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 16.
33. Osmer, S. R., & Huyer, A. (1978). Variations in the alongshore correlation of sea level along the west coast of North America. Journal of Geophysical Research, 83, 1921-1927.
34. Pares-Sierra, A., & O'Brien, J. J. (1989). The seasonal and interannual variability of the California Current system: a numerical model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94, 3159-3180.
35. Ramp, S. R., McCLean, J. L., Collins, C. A., Semtner, A. J., & Hays, K. A. S. (1997). Observations and modeling of the 1991-1992 El Niño signal off central California. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 5553-5582.
36. Rienecker, M. M., & Mooers, C. N. K. (1986). The 1982-83 El Niño signal off northern California. Journal of Geophysical Research, 91, 6597-6608.
37. Sallinger, A., Krabill, W., Brock, J. C., Swift, R., Manizade, S., Richmond, B., & Hampton, M. (1998). Coastal erosion along the U. S. west coast during the 1997-98 El Niño: expectations and observations. EOS, 79, F523.
38. Simpson, J. J. (1984a). El Niño-induced transport in the California Current during 1982-83. Geophysical Research Letters, 11, 241-242.
39. Simpson, J. J. (1984b). A simple model of the 1982-83 California 'El Niño'. Geophysical Research Letters, 11, 243-246.
40. Smith, R. L. (1974). A description of current, wind and sea level variations during coastal upwelling off the Oregon coast, July-August 1972. Journal of Geophysical Research, 79, 435-443.
41. Spillane, M. C., Enfield, D. B., & Allen, J. S. (1987). Intraseasonal oscillations in sea level along the west coast of the Americas. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 17, 313-325.
42. Strub, P.T., & James, C. (2002). Altimeter-derived surface circulation in the large-scale NE Pacific gyres: Part 2. 1997-98 El Niño anomalies. Progress in Oceanography, 53, 185-214.
43. Trenberth, K. E. (1993). General characteristics of El Niño-Southern Oscillation. In M. H. Glantz, R. W. Katz, & N. Nicholls (Eds.), Teleconnections linking worldwide climate anomalies-scientific basis and societal impact (pp. 13-42). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
44. Trenberth, K. E., & Hoar, T. J. (1996). The 1990-1995 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event: longest on record. Geophysical Research Letters, 23, 57-60.
45. Webster, P. J., & Palmer, T. N. (1997). The past and the future of El Niño. Nature (London), 390, 562-564.
46. Wolter, K., & Timlin, M. S. (1998). Measuring the strength of ENSO events: how does 1997-98 rank? Weather, 53, 315-324.
47. Wu, J. (1980). Wind-stress coefficients over the sea surface near neutral conditions. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 10, 727-740.