Fluid resuscitation in pre-hospital trauma care: A consensus view

Trauma

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 21-28

  Revell, Matthew ^a   Porter, Keith ^b   Greaves, Ian ^c  

^a Birmingham/West Midlands ^*  (United Kingdom)

^b SELLY OAK HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c PETERBOROUGH DISTRICT HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

fluid resuscitation; hypotensive resuscitation; hypovolaemia; pre hospital care; shock; trauma

Indexed keywords

SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ARTICLE; CANNULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FIRST AID; FLUID THERAPY; HEAD INJURY; HEALTH CARE COST; HEMODYNAMICS; HEMOSTASIS; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; HYPOVOLEMIA; INJURY; INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT TRANSPORT; PENETRATING TRAUMA; PULSE RATE; RESUSCITATION;

EID: 0036288898     PISSN: 14604086     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1191/1460408602ta219oa     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Alderson P, Schierhout G, Roberts I et al. 2000. Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [computer file] 2000(2): CD000567.
2. American College of Physicians. 1998. Purpose and procedure. Evidence-based medicine. Evidence Based Medicine 3(1): 34-35.
3. American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma. 1997. ATLS - advanced trauma life support for doctors. Chicago: American College of Surgeons.
4. Anonymous. 2000. Shock. In: Greaves I, Porter KM, Ryan JM eds. Trauma care manual. London: Arnold, 71-86.
5. Bickell WH, Bruttig SP, Millnamow GA et al. 1991. The detrimental effects of intravenous crystalloid after aortotomy in swine. Surgery 110: 529-536.
6. Bickell WH, Bruttig SP, Millnamow GA et al. 1992. Use of hypertonic saline/dextran versus lactated Ringer's solution as a resuscitation fluid after uncontrolled aortic hemorrhage in anesthetized swine. Ann Emerg Med 21: 1077-1085.
7. Bickell WH, Wall MJ, Jr., Pepe PE et al. 1994. Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries [see comments]. N Engl J Med 331: 1105-1109.
8. Bock BF, Berk WA, Bonner SC et al. 1996. Pre-hospital medical care of the injured patient. In: Wilson RF, Walt AJ eds. Management of trauma: pitfalls and practice, 2nd ed. Williams and Wilkins, 8-9.
9. Boldt J, Heesen M, Padberg W et al. 1996. The influence of volume therapy and pentoxifylline infusion on circulating adhesion molecules in trauma patients. Anaesthesia 51: 529-535.
10. Bunn F, Alderson P, Hawkins V. 2000. Colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [computer file] 2000(2): CD001319.
11. Cannon W, Fraser J, Cowell E. 1918. The preventative treatment of wound shock. JAMA 70: 618-621.
12. Capone A, Safar P, Stezoski SW et al. 1995. Uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock outcome model in rats. Resuscitation 29: 143-152.
13. Carli PA, de la Coussaye JE, Riou B, Siegel JH. 1995. Correspondence. Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation in patients with trauma. N Engl J Med 332: 681-683.
14. Choi PT, Yip G, QuinonezLG et al. 1999. Crystalloids vs. colloids in fluid resuscitation: a systematic review. Crit Care Med 27: 200-210.
15. Chudnofsky CR, Dronen SC, Syverud SA et al. 1989. Early versus late fluid resuscitation: lack of effect in porcine hemorrhagic shock. Ann Emerg Med 18: 122-126.
16. Cohn SM. 1997. Is blood obsolete? J Trauma 42: 730-732.
17. Conhaim RL, Harms BA. 1998. Hemoglobin therapeutics in hemorrhagic shock. Curr Opin Crit Care 4: 442-446.
18. Craig RL, Poole GV. 1994. Resuscitation in uncontrolled hemorrhage. Am Surgeon 60: 59-62.
19. Deakin CD, Low JL. 2000. Accuracy of the advanced trauma life support guidelines for predicting systolic blood pressure using carotid, femoral, and radial pulses: observational study. Br Med J 321: 673-674.
20. Deakin CD. 2001. Accuracy of ATLS guidelines for predicting systolic blood pressure: authors’ reply. Br Med J 322: 552-552.
21. Demetriades D, Chan L, Cornwell E et al. 1996. Paramedic vs private transportation of trauma patients. Effect on outcome. Arch Surg 131: 133-138.
22. Dries DJ. 1996. Hypotensive resuscitation. Shock 6: 311-316.
23. Ferrara A, MacArthur JD, Wright HK et al. 1990. Hypothermia and acidosis worsen coagulopathy in the patient requiring massive transfusion. Am J Surg 160: 515-518.
24. Franz A, Braunlich P, Gamsjager T et al. 2001. The effects of hydroxyethyl starches of varying molecular weights on platelet function. Anesthesia & Analgesia 92: 1402-1407.
25. Gosling P. 2000. Albumin: friend or foe? Trauma 2: 125-134.
26. Hyde JAJ, Rooney SJ, Graham TR. 1998. Hypotensive resuscitation. Trauma 177-185.
27. Jacobs LM, Sinclair A, Beiser A et al. 1984. Prehospitaladvanced life support: benefits in trauma. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 24: 8-13.
28. Johnson GS, Guly HR. 1995. The effect of pre-hospital administration of intravenous nalbuphine on on-scene times. J Acc Emerg Med 12: 20-22.
29. Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Service Liaison Committee. Guidelines for cannulation.
30. Kim SH, Stezoski SW, Safar P et al. 1997. Hypothermia and minimal fluid resuscitation increase survival after uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 42: 213-222.
31. Krausz MM, Landau EH, Klin B et al. 1992a. Hypertonic saline treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock at different periods from bleeding. Arch Surg 127: 93-96.
32. Krausz MM, Bar-Ziv M, Rabinovici R et al. 1992b. “Scoop and run” or stabilize hemorrhagic shock with normal saline or small-volume hypertonic saline? J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 33: 6-10.
33. Ljunstrom K. 1997. Colloid safety: fact and fiction. Ballieres Clin Anaes 11: 163-177.
34. Mahoney P, Haji-Michael PJ. 1999. Therapeutics. In: Greaves I, Porter KM eds. Pre-hospital medicine. London: Arnold, 167-177.
35. Miller JD, Becker DP. 1982. Secondary insults to the injured brain. J R Coll Surg Edinb 27: 292-298.
36. Nicholl J, Hughes S, Dixon S et al. 1998. The costs and benefits of paramedic skills in pre-hospital trauma care. Health Technol Assessment 2: i-iv, 1-72.
37. O’Gorman M, Trabulsy P, Pilcher DB. 1989. Zero-time prehospital i.v. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 29: 84-86.
38. Office of the Surgeon General. 1952. Surgery in World War II, general surgery. US Government Printing Office.
39. Pepe PE, Wyatt CH, Bickell WH et al. 1987. The relationship between total prehospital time and outcome in hypotensive victims of penetrating injuries. Ann Emerg Med 16: 293-297.
40. Pons PT, Moore EE, Cusick JM et al. 1988. Prehospital venous access in an urban paramedic system -a prospective on-scene analysis. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 28: 1460-1463.
41. Powar M, Nguyen-Van-Tam J, Pearson J et al. 1996. Hidden impact of paramedic interventions. J Acc Emerg Med 13: 383-385.
42. Rabinovici R, Krausz MM, Feuerstein G. 1991. Control of bleeding is essential for a successful treatment of hemorrhagic shock with 7.5 per cent sodium chloride solution. Surg, Gynecol Obstet 173: 98-106.
43. Riddez L, Johnson L, Hahn RG. 1998. Central and regional hemodynamics during crystalloid fluid therapy after uncontrolled intra-abdominal bleeding. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 44: 433-439.
44. Russell IS. 2001. Accuracy of ATLS guidelines for predicting systolic blood pressure: authors’ core assertion was wrong. Br Med J 322: 552-552.
45. Sampalis JS, Tamim H, Denis R et al. 1997. Ineffectiveness of on-site intravenous lines: is prehospital time the culprit? J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 43: 608-615; discussion 615-617.
46. Schierhout G, Roberts I. 1998. Fluid resuscitation with colloid or crystalloid solutions in critically ill patients: a systematic review of randomised trials. Br Med J 316: 961-964.
47. Scott J. 1999. Immobilisation and extrication. In: Greaves I, Porter KM eds. Pre-hospital medicine. London: Arnold, 634-635.
48. Shirani KZ, VaughanGM, Mason AD, Jr. et al. 1996. Update on current therapeutic approaches in burns. Shock 5: 4-16.
49. Sindlinger JF, Soucy DM, Greene SP et al. 1993. The effects of isotonic saline volume resuscitation in uncontrolled hemorrhage. Surg Gynecol Obstet 177: 545-550.
50. Slovis CM, Herr EW, Londorf D et al. 1990. Success rates for initiation of intravenous therapy en-route by pre-hospital care providers. Am J Emerg Med 8: 305-307.
51. Soucy DM, Sindlinger JF, Greene SP et al. 1995a. Effects of anesthesia on a model of uncontrolled hemorrhage in rats. Crit Care Med 23: 1528-1532.
52. Soucy DM, Sindlinger JF, Greene SP et al. 1995b. Isotonic saline resuscitation in uncontrolled hemorrhage under various anesthetic conditions. Ann Surg 222: 87-93.
53. Stern SA, DronenSC, Birrer P et al. 1993. Effectof bloodpressure on haemorrhage volume and survival in near-fatal haemorrhage model incorporating a vascular injury. Ann Emerg Med 22: 155-163.
54. Stern SA, Dronen SC, Wang X. 1995. Multiple resuscitation regimens in a near-fatal porcine aortic injury hemorrhage model [see comments]. Academic Emerg Med 2: 89-97.
55. Sutcliffe A. 1999. Crystalloids and colloids for volume replacement. Trauma 1: 115-123.
56. Traverso LW, Medina F, Bolin RB. 1985. The buffering capacity of crystalloid and colloid resuscitation solutions. Resuscitation 12: 265-270.
57. Traverso LW, Lee WP, Langford MJ. 1986a. Fluid resuscitation after an otherwise fatal hemorrhage:I. Crystalloid solutions. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 26: 168-175.
58. Traverso LW, Hollenbach SJ, Bolin RB et al. 1986b. Fluid resuscitation after an otherwise fatal hemorrhage: II. Colloid solutions. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 26: 176-182.
59. Traylor R, Pearl R. 1996. Crystalloid vs colloid. Anesthesia & Analgesia 83: 443-492.
60. Veech RL. 1995. Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation in patients with trauma. N Engl J Med 332: 681-682; discussion 682-83.
61. Wade CE, Grady JJ, Kramer GC et al. 1997. Individual patient cohort analysis of the efficacy of hypertonic saline= dextran in patients with traumatic brain injury and hypotension. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 42(Suppl): S61-S65.
62. Watts DD, Trask A, Soeken K et al. 1998. Hypothermic coagulopathy in trauma: effect of varying levels of hypothermia on enzyme speed, platelet function, and fibrinolytic activity. J Trauma, Injury, Infection Crit Care 44: 846-854.
63. Watts J, Gosling P, Makin A et al. 1998. Fluid resuscitation with colloid or crystalloid solutions. Br Med J 317: 277-277.
64. Wears RL, Winton CN. 1990. Load and go versus stay and play: analysis of prehospital fluids therapy by computer simulation. Ann Emerg Med 19: 163-163.
65. Wiggers CJ. 1950. Experimental hemorrhage shock. In: Physiology of shock. New York: The commonwealth fund, 121-143.
66. Williams EL, Hildebrand KL, McCormick SA et al. 1999. The effect of intravenous lactated Ringer's solution versus 0.9% sodium chloride solution on serum osmolality in human volunteers. Anesthesia & Analgesia 88: 999-1003.
67. Wilmink AB, Samra GS, Watson LM et al. 1996. Vehicle entrapment rescue and pre-hospital trauma care. Injury 27: 21-25.
68. Zakria B, Bascom J. 1994. Mechanisms of multiple organ failure. In: Zakria B, Oz M, Carlson R eds. Reperfusion injuries and clinical capillary leak syndrome. New York: Futura, 443-492.