Morphological assessment of the umbilical cord with three-dimensional ultrasonography

Ultrasound Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 17-42

  Bonilla Musoles, F ^a   Machado, L E ^a   Osborne, N G ^a   Raga, F ^a   Bonilla, F ^a   Puig, M J ^a   Machado, F ^a  

^a HOWARD UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Color Doppler scanning; Three dimensional ultrasonography; Two dimensional ultrasonography; Umbilical cord cysts; Umbilical cord tumors

Indexed keywords

AMNION; ARTERY ANASTOMOSIS; ARTICLE; BLOOD OXYGENATION; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYST; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; ECHOGRAPHY; FETUS; FETUS DISEASE; FETUS MALFORMATION; FETUS MEMBRANE; HUMAN; INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY; PLACENTA; PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS; THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGING; TUMOR; UMBILICAL ARTERY; UMBILICAL CORD; UMBILICAL VEIN; UMBILICUS; VENOUS BLOOD;

EID: 0036248741     PISSN: 14722240     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/14722240208500459     Document Type: Article

References (159)

1. Single umbilical artery: Prenatal detection of current anomalies
2. Navelvennenthrombose im Ultraschallschnittbild. Pathologien und Literaturübersicht
3. Prenatal ultrasonographic morphologic assessment of the umbilical cord. A review
4. Prenatal ultrasonographic morphologic assessment of the umbilical cord. A review
5. Sonographic findings of the umbilical cord: Implications of the risk of fetal chromosomal anomalies
6. Sonoembriología (II). Intestinos
7. Umbilical cord cysts: Color Doppler and three-dimensional evaluation
8. Preoperative contrast ultrasonographic diagnosis of patent urachal sinus
9. The umbilical cord twist: Origin, direction, and relevance
10. Ecografia Obstétrico-Ginecolõgica y Mamaria
11. Fetal midgut herniation into the umbilical cord: Improved definition of ventral abdominal anomaly with the use of transvaginal sonography
12. Early development of the abdominal wall, stomach, and heart from 7 to 12 weeks of gestation. A longitudinal ultrasound study
13. Sonography of fetal midgut herniation: Normal size criteria and correlation with crown-rump length
14. Differential diagnosis of the nonvisualized fetal urinary bladder by transvaginal sonography in the early second trimester
15. Transvaginal sonography at 5 to 14 weeks' gestation: Fetal stomach, abnormal cord insertion, and yolk sac
16. Sonographic diagnosis of omphalocele in the first trimester of fetal gestation
17. Bowel migration in the normal fetus: Ultrasound detection
18. Growth of fetal stomach in normal pregnancies
19. Differential diagnosis of first trimester ventral wall defects
20. Sonographic visualization of physiological anterior abdominal wall hernia in the first trimester
21. First trimester midgut herniation: A high-frequency transvaginal sonographic study
22. First trimester sonography of physiological midgut herniation and early diagnosis of omphalocele
23. Transvaginal color Doppler in early embryonic malformations
24. Screening for fetal anomalies during the first trimester of pregnancy: Transvaginal versus transabdominal sonography
25. Sonoembriologìa tridimensional transvaginal
26. Three-Dimensional Ultrasound for the New Millenium
27. Abdominal wall defects: Two- versus three-dimensional ultrasonographic diagnosis
28. First report: Prenatal diagnosis of long cord
29. The length of the human umbilical cord. A statistical report
30. Ultrasound measurement of umbilical cord length
31. Syndrome of camptodactyly, ankyloses, facial anomalies and pulmonary hypoplasia (Pena-Shokeir syndrome): Obstetric and ultrasound aspects
32. Dilatation of the fetal umbilical vein in rhesus hemolytic anemia: A predictor of severe disease
33. Ecobiometría del cordón umbilical y sus vasos
34. Sonographic measurement of the umbilical cord and vessels during normal pregnancies
35. Large umbilical cord: A normal finding in some fetuses
36. Ecografia en Obstetricia y Ginecología
37. Tratado de Obstetricia
38. Three-dimensional ultrasonographic assessment of fetal development
39. The umbilical cord complication of true knots, nuchal cords, and cords around the body
40. Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
41. Nuchal cord in normal third-trimester pregnancy: A color Doppler imaging study
42. Prenatal features of pregnancies complicated by nuchal cord
43. Sufrimiento Fetal en el Parto
44. Factors that provide optimal umbilical protection during gestation
45. Observations on the structure of the human umbilical cord
46. Non coiled umbilical blood vessels
47. Antepartum diagnosis of uncoiled umbilical blood vessels
48. Trisomy among fetuses with non-coiled umbilical blood vessels
49. The umbilical cord coiling index
50. Predisposing factors in the formation of true knots of the umbilical cord: Analysis of morphometrics and perinatal data
51. True knot of the umbilical cord: A difficult prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis
52. False knot of the umbilical cord: Sonographic appearance and differential diagnosis
53. Possible intermittent umbilical cord occlusion
54. Fetal suckling of the umbilical cord
55. Fetal grasping of the umbilical cord causing variable fetal heart rate decelerations
56. Fetal grasping of the umbilical cord with simultaneous fetal heart rate monitoring
57. Umbilical artery occlusion and fetoplacental thrombo-embolism
58. Pathology of the Placenta
59. Prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia with color Doppler ultrasonography
60. Fetal limb abnormalities: Ultrasound diagnosis
61. Sirenomelia: Early prenatal diagnosis with combined two- and three-dimensional ultrasound
62. Single umbilical artery. A statistical analysis of 237 autopsy cases and review of the literature
63. Single umbilical artery: A clinical enigma in modern prenatal diagnosis
64. The incidence and prognostic implication of congenital absence of one umbilical artery
65. Infants with single umbilical artery studied in a national registry: General epidemiologic characteristics
66. The association of single umbilical artery with cytogenetically abnormal pregnancies
67. Umbilical cord anomalies and antenatal fetal demise
68. Frequency and nature of structural anomalies in fetuses with single umbilical arteries
69. Isolated single umbilical artery anomaly and the risk of congenital malformations: A metaanalysis
70. Single umbilical artery: Prenatal detection of concurrent anomalies
71. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of trisomy 18. Is it practical in the early second trimester?
72. Utility of minor ultrasonographic markers in the prediction of abnormal fetal karyotype at a prenatal diagnostic center
73. Chromosomal abnormalities associated with a single umbilical artery
74. The single artery umbilical cord. Is it worth screening antenatally?
75. Single umbilical cord artery. Accurate diagnosis?
76. Prenatal diagnosis of the two-vessel cord: Implication for patient counselling and obstetric management
77. Single umbilical artery. Does it matter which artery is missing?
78. Pathologie des Dottersackes: Endosonographische Ergebnisse
79. Umbilical cord cysts in early pregnancy
80. First trimester umbilical cord cyst
81. Natural history of antenatal omphalomesenteric duct cyst
82. Extraumbilical allantoic cyst. A case report
83. Fetal intraabdominal cysts detected in the first and early second trimester by transvaginal sonography
84. Umbilical cord pseudocyst in trisomy 18
85. The use of color Doppler imaging for prenatal diagnosis of umbilical cord anomalies. Report of three cases
86. The sonographic finding of persistent umbilical cord cystic masses is associated with lethal aneuploidy and/or congenital anomalies
87. Clinical significance of first trimester umbilical cord cysts
88. Fetal nuchal translucency. Ultrasound screening for fetal trisomies in the first trimester of pregnancy
89. Embryonic heart activity. Appearance and development in early human pregnancy
90. Fetal heart rate in early pregnancy and chromosomal disorders
91. The role of abnormal fetal heart rate in scheduling chorionic villus sampling
92. Sonographic features of an umbilical cord abnormality combining a cord pseudocyst and a small omphalocele. A case report
93. Significance of prenatal diagnosis of umbilical cord cyst in a fetus with trisomy 18
94. Prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele associated with umbilical cord cyst
95. Omphalocele associated with umbilical cord allantoic cyst: Sonographic evaluation in utero
96. Allantoic cyst of the umbilical cord
97. Ultrasonographic and pathologic study of mucoid degeneration of umbilical cord
98. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital patent urachus and allantoic cyst. The value of color flow imaging
99. Sonographic diagnosis of umbilical cord pseudocyst
100. Persistent patent urachus with allantoic cyst: A case report
101. Omphalomesenteric duct cysts of the umbilical cord
102. Sonographic diagnosis of a large umbilical cord pseudocyst
103. Antenatal sonographic appearance of omphalomesenteric duct cyst
104. Prenatal detection of umbilical cord allantoic cyst
105. Sonographic first trimester diagnosis of umbilical cord cyst
106. Transvaginal ultrasonographic detection of congenital anomalies in the first trimester
107. Umbilical cord hemangioma: Prenatal identification and review of the literature
108. In utero diagnosis of umbilical cord hematoma by ultrasonography
109. Fetal and funicular vascular anomalies: Identification with prenatal ultrasound
110. Umbilical artery aneurysm: Prenatal diagnosis and management
111. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of ectasia of the umbilical vein
112. An ultrasonic view of the umbilical cord
113. Patología del cordón umbilical
114. Umbilical cord cyst presenting as an omphalocele at 15 weeks' gestation
115. Umbilical cord pseudocyst in trisomy 18
116. Pseudotumors of the umbilical cord and fetal membranes
117. Umbilical cord pseudocyst in trisomy 18
118. Allantoic cysts of the umbilical cord in trisomy 21
119. Reverse end-diastolic umbilical artery velocity in a case of intrauterine fetal death at 14 weeks' gestation
120. Reverse end-diastolic umbilical artery flow at 11 weeks' gestation
121. Reversed end-diastolic umbilical artery velocity in two cases of trisomy 18 at 10 weeks' gestation
122. Umbilical artery pulsatility index in early pregnancies with chromosome anomalies
123. Early detection of reversed diastolic umbilical flow. Should we offer karyotyping?
124. Umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry in fetuses with trisomy 18 at 10 to 18 weeks' gestation
125. Transient increase in nuchal translucency thickness and reversed end-diastolic ductus venosus in a fetus with trisomy 18
126. Early cardiac failure as a putative pathogenic mechanism for increased nuchal translucency
127. Malformations of the umbilical cord
128. Fetal umbilical vein varix. Sonographic appearance and postnatal outcome
129. Prenatal diagnosis and management of umbilical vein varix of the intraamniotic portion of the umbilical vein
130. Varix of the fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein: Comparison with normal
131. Giant dilatation of the umbilical vein
132. Fetal prognosis in varix of the intrafetal umbilical vein
133. Prenatal diagnosis of umbilical cord. A new reason for aneurysm in a fetus with trisomy 18
134. Outcome of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis of umbilical vein varix
135. Antenatal diagnosis of fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein dilatation
136. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of ectasia of the umbilical vein
137. Prenatal diagnosis of an intra-abdominal ectasia of the umbilical vein with color Doppler ultrasonography
138. A case of varix dilatation of the umbilical vein and review of the literature
139. Abnormalities of the intraabdominal fetal umbilical vein. Reports of four cases and review of the literature
140. The clinical significance of antenatal detection of discordant umbilical arteries
141. Two uncommon umbilical vessel anomalies in a fetus with trisomy 18
142. Prenatal diagnosis and clinical significance of hypoplastic umbilical artery
143. Discordant umbilical arteries: Ultrasonographic and Doppler analysis
144. The value of color Doppler ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic umbilical artery
145. Fetus acardius: Two- and three-dimensional ultrasonographic diagnoses
146. Clinical significance and sonographic diagnosis of velamentous umbilical cord insertion
147. Perinatal diagnostic evaluation of velamentous umbilical cord insertion. Clinical, Doppler, and ultrasonic findings
148. Role of color flow Doppler ultrasonography in diagnosing velamentous insertion of the umbilical cord and vasa previa. A report of two cases
149. Diagnosis of vasa previa with ultrasonography
150. Color flow Doppler: A useful instrument in the diagnosis of vasa previa
151. Antenatal diagnosis of vasa previa by color flow mapping
152. Prenatal diagnosis of vasa previa presenting as amniotic band: 'A not so innocent amniotic band'
153. Diagnosis of vasa previa with transvaginal and color flow Doppler ultrasound
154. Vasa previa: Prenatal diagnosis with transvaginal and color Doppler flow imaging
155. Antenatal diagnosis of vasa previa by transvaginal color Doppler sonography
156. An accurate diagnosis of vasa previa with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography
157. Syndrom der amniotischen Strange in der intrauterinen Ultraschalldiagnostik