Epidemiology and current treatment of multiple sclerosis in Europe today

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development

Volumn 39, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 175-186

  Pozzilli, Carlo ^a,b   Romano, Silvia ^a   Cannoni, Stefania ^a  

^a SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^b SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

Incidence; Multiple sclerosis in Europe; Prevalence; Treatment

Indexed keywords

DISEASES; HEALTH CARE; PATIENT REHABILITATION; PATIENT TREATMENT;

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS);

EPIDEMIOLOGY;

AZATHIOPRINE; BETA1A INTERFERON; CORTICOSTEROID; DNA; GADOLINIUM; GLATIRAMER; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; INTERFERON BETA SERINE; METHOTREXATE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MITOXANTRONE; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; RNA;

ARTICLE; BONE DENSITY; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; EUROPE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; ITALY; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCANDINAVIA; SKIN NECROSIS; SOUTHERN EUROPE; UNITED KINGDOM; WELLBEING; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; MALE; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; REVIEW; SEX RATIO; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; EUROPE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MALE; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SEX DISTRIBUTION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; HUMANS;

EID: 0036017495     PISSN: 07487711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis
2. Descriptive epidemiology of MS in Europe in the 1980s: A critical overview
3. Further considerations on the geographic distribution of multiple sclerosis
4. Further features of the Fennoscandian focus of multiple sclerosis
5. A reassessment of the distribution of multiple sclerosis. Part one and part two
6. The Danish multiple sclerosis registry: A 44-year review
7. Western Norway a high risk area for multiple sclerosis. A prevalence/incidence study in the county of Hordaland
8. Incidence of multiple sclerosis in Hordaland, Western Norway: A fluctuating pattern
9. The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Norway: A 50-year follow-up in a stable population
10. Multiple sclerosis in North Norway, and first appearance in an indigenous population
11. Multiple sclerosis in the Old World: The new old map
12. Regional and temporal variation in the incidence of multiple sclerosis in Finland in 1979-1993
13. Increasing prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Finland
14. Incidence of MS during two fifteen-year periods in the Gothenburg region of Sweden
15. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Vasterbotten County in northern Sweden
16. The incidence and mortality of multiple sclerosis in South East Wales
17. The distribution of multiple sclerosis in the United Kingdom
18. Prevalence and familial incidence of disseminated sclerosis (a report to the Northern Ireland Hospitals Authority on the result of a 3-year survey). Prevalence of disseminated sclerosis in Northern Ireland
19. New diagnosis criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines for research protocols
20. Distribution of multiple sclerosis
21. The prevalence rate of multiple sclerosis in Tayside, Scotland: Do latitudinal gradients really exist?
22. Increasing incidence of multiple sclerosis in south Lower Saxony, Germany
23. Descriptive and analytical epidemiological data on multiple sclerosis from a long-term study in southern Hesse, Germany
24. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in western Poland - A comparison between prevalence rates in 1965 and 1981
25. Prevalence of MS in south. Evidence of a new border of the Fennoscandinavian focus
26. Les Sud-Est francais, zone a haut risque de sclerose en plaques?
27. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Vallaloid, northern Spain
28. Frequency of multiple sclerosis in Menarca, Balearic Islands, Spain
29. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Gypsies and Bulgarians
30. Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the L'Aquila district, central Italy
31. Incidence of multiple sclerosis in Bagheria City, Sicily, Italy
32. Prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis in Catania, Sicily
33. The increasing incidence and prevalence of MS in a Sardinian province
34. Multiple sclerosis epidemiology in Sardinia: Evidence for a true increasing risk
35. Treatment and management of multiple sclerosis
36. A meta-analysis of methylprednisolone in recovery from multiple sclerosis exacerbations
37. Sporadic corticosteroid pulse and osteoporosis in multiple sclerosis
38. Use of corticosteroids in multiple sclerosis by consultant neurologists in the United Kingdom
39. A randomized, controlled trial of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute optic neuritis
40. Methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: A comparison of oral with intravenous therapy at equivalent high dose
41. Randomised trial of oral and intravenous methylprednisolone in acute relapses of multiple sclerosis
42. Interferon beta1b is effective in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. I. Clinical results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
43. Interferon beta-lb in the treatment of MS: Final outcome of the randomised controlled trial
44. Intramuscular interferon beta-1a for a disease progression in relapsing multiple sclerosis
45. Copolymer 1 reduces relapse rate and improves disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Results of a phase III multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
46. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon beta-1 a in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis
47. Placebo-controlled multicentre, randomised trial of interferon beta-lb in treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
48. Clinicians and people with multiple sclerosis - Views on multiple sclerosis and its management
49. International consensus statement on the use of disease-modifying agents in multiple sclerosis
50. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the international panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
51. Benign multiple sclerosis? Clinical course, long term follow-up, and assessment of prognostic factors
52. MRI versus clinical relapse as a measure of disease activity in MS
53. PRISM-4: Long-term efficacy of interferon-β-1a in relapsing MS
54. Sustained clinical benefits of glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients observed for 6 years
55. Interferon beta in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: Mechanism of action
56. Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis
57. Effect of early interferon treatment on conversion to definite multiple sclerosis: A randomised study
58. Randomized controlled trials of interferon-beta-1a in secondary progressive MS. Clinical results
59. Immunogenity of interferon-beta in multiple sclerosis patients: Influence of preparation, dosage, dose frequency, and route of administration
60. Study of binding and neutralising antibodies to interferon-beta in two groups of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients
61. Magnetic resonance imaging changes with recombinant human interferon-beta-1a: A short term study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
62. Interferon beta 1a
63. Determinants of Gd-enhanced MRI response to IFN-beta-1a treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
64. Evidence of interferon beta-1a dose response in relapsing-remitting MS: The OWIMS Study
65. A pilot trial of Cop 1 in exacerbating-remitting multiple sclerosis
66. Efficacy of glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) on multiple sclerosis disability is confirmed by analysis with the integrated disability status scale (IDSS)
67. Sustained clinical benefits of glatiramer acetate in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients observed for 6 years
68. Effect of copolymer-1 on serial gadolinium-enhanced MRI in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
69. Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) treatment in relapsing-remitting MS: Quantitative MR assessment
70. European/Canadian multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of glatiramer acetate on magnetic resonance imaging-measured disease activity and burden in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
71. Overview of azathioprine treatment in multiple sclerosis
72. Risk of cancer from azathioprine therapy: A case control study
73. Immunosuppressive treatments in MS-side effects from azathioprine
74. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of mitoxantrone in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 24-Month clinical and MRI outcome
75. Therapeutic effect of mitoxantrone combined with methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: A randomised multicentre study of active disease using MRI and clinical criteria
76. Mitoxantrone in progressive multiple sclerosis: A placebo-controlled, randomised, observer-blind phase III trial: Clinical results and three-year follow-up
77. Low-dose (7.5 mg) oral methotrexate is effective in reducing the rate of progression of neurological impairments in patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis
78. Failure of intravenous immunoglobulin to arrest progression of multiple sclerosis: A clinical and MRI based study
79. Intravenous gamma globulin in progressive MS
80. Randomised, placebo-controlled trial of monthly intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis
81. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in multiple sclerosis: Effect on relapses
82. Intravenous immunoglobulin G reduces MRI activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis
83. Monthly corticosteroids decrease neutralizing antibodies to INF β-1b: A randomized trial in multiple sclerosis