Bronchoalveolar Lavage for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pneumonia Associated with Transport in Thoroughbred Racehorses

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Volumn 63, Issue 12, 2001, Pages 1263-1269

  Ito, Shinobu ^a,b   Hobo, Seiji ^a   Eto, Daisuke ^a   Sato, Hiroaki ^a  

^a EQUINE RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

^b Japan Racing Association   (Japan)

Author keywords

Bronchoalveolar lavage; Equine; Pneumonia; Transport

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); EQUIDAE;

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; CATTLE DISEASE; CHEMISTRY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HORSE; HORSE DISEASE; JAPAN; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; LUNG LAVAGE; MALE; MICROBIOLOGY; NONPARAMETRIC TEST; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANIMALS; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; FEMALE; HORSE DISEASES; HORSES; JAPAN; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MALE; PASTEURELLOSIS, PNEUMONIC; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0035752364     PISSN: 09167250     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.63.1263     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Bayly, W. M., Liggitt, H. D., Huston, L. J. and Laegreid, W. W. 1986. Stress and its effect on equine pulmonary mucosal defenses. Procs. Am. Ass. Equine Pract. 32: 253-262.
2. Beech, J. 1979. Diseases of the lung. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Large Anim. Pract. 1: 149-169.
3. Beech, J. and Sweeney, C. R. 1991. Infectious caused by bacteria, mycoplasmas, parasites, and fungi, pp. 181-207. In: Equine Respiratory Disorders (Beech, J. ed.), Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
4. Bingisser, R., Kaplan, V., Zollinger, A. and Russi, E. W. 1998. Whole-lung lavage in alveolar proteinosis by a modified lavage technique. Chest 113: 1718-1719.
5. Clark, C. K., Lester, G. D., Vetro, T. and Rice, B. 1995. Bronchoalveolar lavage in horses: effect of exercise and repeated sampling on cytology. Aust. Vet. J. 72: 249-252.
6. Derksen, F. J. 1991. Applied respiratory physiology. pp. 1-25. In: Equine Respiratory Disorders (Beech, J. ed.), Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
7. Dethloff, L. A., Gilmore, L. B., Brody, A. R. and Hook, G. E. 1986. Induction of intra- and extra- cellular phospholipids in the lungs of rats exposed to silica. Biochem. J. 233: 111-118.
8. Dixon, P. M. 1992. Therapeutics of the respiratory tract. pp. 303-310. In: Current Therapy in Equine Medicine, 3rd ed. (Robinson, N.E. ed.), W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia.
9. Dungworth, D. L. 1991. Bronchopneumonia. pp. 591-592. In: Pathology of Domestic Animals. 4th ed., vol. 2 (Jubb, K. V. F., Kennedy, P.G. and Palmer, N. eds.), Academic Press, San Diego.
10. Fogarty, U. 1990. Evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage technique. Equine Vet. J. 22: 174-176.
11. Germannn, P. G. and Hafner, D. 1998. A rat model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): Part 1. Time dependency of histological and pathological change. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods 40: 101-107.
12. Goerke, J. 1974. Lung surfactant. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 344: 241-261.
13. Henson, P. M. and Johnston, R. B. Jr. 1987. Tissue injury in inflammation. J. Clin. Invest. 79: 669-674.
14. Hobo, S., Oikawa, M., Kuwano, A., Yosida, K. and Yoshihara, T. 1997. Effect of transportation on the composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 58: 531-534.
15. Hoffman, A. M. 1999. Bronchoalveolar lavage technique and cytological diagnosis of small airway inflammtory disease. Equine Vet. Educ. 11: 330-336.
16. Kahn, F. W. and Jones, J. M. 1987. Diagnosing bacterial respiratory infection by bronchoalveolar lavage. J. Infect. Dis. 155: 862-869.
17. Lavoie, J. P., Fiset, L. and Laverty, S. 1994. Review of 40 cases of lung abscesses in foals and adult horses. Equine Vet. J. 26: 348-352.
18. Leadon, D. P. 1994. Transport stress. pp. 371-378. In: The Athletic Horse (Hodgson, D.R. and Rose, R.J. eds.), W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
19. Lewis, J. F. and Jobe, A. H. 1993. Surfactant and the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 147: 218-233.
20. Mair, T. S. and Lane, J. G. 1989. Pneumonia, lung abscesses and pleuritis in adult horses: a review of 51 cases. Equine Vet. J. 21: 175-180.
21. Meyer, T. S., Fedde, M. R., Gaughan, E. M., Langsetmo, I. and Erickson, H. H. 1988. Quantification of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage with bronchoalveolar lavage. Equine Vet. J. 30: 284-288.
22. Oda, Y., Kai, H., Ishohama, Y., Takahama, K. and Miyata, T. 1991. Stimulation of pulmonary surfactant secretion by activated neutrophils in rat type II pneumocytes culture. Life. Sci. 49: 803-811.
23. Oikawa, M., Kamada, M., Yoshikawa, Y. and Yoshikawa, T. 1994. Pathology of equine pneumonia associated with transport and isolation of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. J. Comp. Pathol. 111: 205-212.
24. Oikawa, M., Takagi, S., Anzai, R., Yoshikawa, H. and Yoshikawa, T. 1995. Pathology of equine respiratory disease occuring in association with transport. J. Comp. Pathol. 113: 29-43.
25. Raphel, C. F. and Beech, J. 1982. Pleuritis secondary to pneumonia or lung abscessation in 90 horses. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 181: 808-810.
26. Rooney, S. A. 1985. The surfactant system and lung phospholipid biochemistry. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 131: 439-460.
27. Rossier, Y., Sweeney, C. R. and Ziemer, E. L. 1991. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytologic findings in horses with pneumonia or pleuropneumonia. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 198: 1001-1004.
28. Reynolds, H. Y. 1987. Bronchoalveolar lavage. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 135: 250-263.
29. Seltzer, K. L. and Byars, T. D. 1996. Prognosis for return to racing after recovery from infectious pleuropneumonia in Thoroughbred racehorses: 70 cases (1984-1989) J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 208: 1295-1296.
30. Smith, B .L., Aguilera-Tejero, E., Tyler, W. S., Jones, J. H., Hornof, W. J. and Pascoe, J. R. 1994. Endoscopie anatomy and map of the equine bronchial tree. Equine Vet. J. 26: 283-290.
31. Sweeney, C. R., Rossier, Y., Ziemer, E. L. and Lindborg, S. R. 1994. Effect of prior lavage on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell population of lavaged and unlavaged lung segments in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 55: 1501-1504.
32. Traub-Dargatz, J. L., McKinnon, A. O., Bruyninckx, W., Thrall, M. A., Jones, R. L. and Blancquaert, A-M.B. 1988. Effect of transportation stress on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in female horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49: 1026-1029.
33. Traub-Dargatz, J. L., McKinnon, A. O., Thrall, M. A., Jones, R. L., Bruyninckx, W., Blancquaert, A-M.B. and Dargatz, D. A. 1992. Evaluation of clinical signs of disease, bronchoalveolar and tracheal wash analysis, and arterial blood gas tensions in 13 horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with prednisone, methyl sulfonmethane, and clenbuterol hydrochloride. Am. J. Vet. Res. 53: 1908-1916.
34. Tyler, W. S., Pascoe, J. R., Aguilera-Tejero, E. and Smith, B. L. 1993. Morphological effects of autologous blood or saline in airspaces of equine lungs. p. 16. In: International EIPH Conference Proceedings, Guelph.
35. Weiland, J. E., Davis, W. B., Holter, J. F., Mohammed, J. R., Dorinsky, P. M. and Gadek, J. E. 1986. Lung neutrophils in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 133: 218-225.
36. Wood, J. L. N., Burrell, M. H., Roberts, C. A., Chanter, N. and Shaw, Y. 1993. Streptococci and Pasteurella spp. associated with disease of the equine lower respiratory tract. Equine Vet. J. 25: 314-318.