Permeability reduction in granite under hydrothermal conditions

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 106, Issue B12, 2001, Pages 30551-30560

  Morrow, C A ^a   Moore, D E ^a   Lockner, D A ^a  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARTHQUAKE RECURRENCE; FAULT ZONE; FLUID FLOW; GRANITE; HYDROTHERMAL FEATURE; PERMEABILITY;

CALIFORNIA; SAN ANDREAS FAULT; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0035710178     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000jb000010     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Aharonov, E., E. Tenthorey, and C.H. Scholz, Precipitation sealing and diagenesis, 2, Theoretical analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 23,969-23,981, 1998.
2. Blanpied, M.L., D.A. Lockner, and J.D. Byerlee, Factional slip of granite at hydrothermal conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 13,045-13,064, 1995.
3. Brantley, S.L., B. Evans, S.H. Hickman, and D.A. Crerar, Healing of microcracks in quartz: Implications for fluid flow, Geology, 18, 136-139, 1990.
4. Browne, P.R.L., Hydrothermal alteration in active geothermal fields, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 6, 229-250, 1978.
5. Brune, J.N., T.L. Henyey, and R.F. Roy, Heat flow, stress, and rate of slip along the San Andreas fault, California, J. Geophys. Res., 74, 3821-3827, 1969.
6. Byerlee, J., Friction, overpressure, and fault normal compression, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 2109-2112, 1990.
7. Caine, J.S., J.P. Evans, Forster, C.B., 1996. Fault zone architecture and permeability structure, Geology 24, 1025-1028.
8. Chester, F.M., and N.G. Higgs, Multimechanism friction constitutive model for ultrafine quartz gouge at hypocentral conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 1859-1870, 1992.
9. Chester, F.M., J.P. Evans, and R.L. Biegel, Internal structure and weakening mechanisms of the San Andreas fault, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 771-786, 1993.
10. Dibble, W.E., Jr., and W.A. Tiller, Kinetic model of zeolite paragenesis in tuffaceous sediments, Clays Clay Miner., 29, 323-330, 1981.
11. Ellis, A.J., and W.A.J. Mahon, Natural hydrothermal systems and experimental hot-water/rock interactions, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 28, 1323-1357, 1964.
12. Fournier, R.O., and R.W. Potter, II, An equation correcting the solubility of quartz in water from 25° to 900°C at pressures up to 10,000 bars, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 46, 1969-1973, 1982.
13. Fournier, R.O., and A.H. Truesdell, An empirical Na-K-Ca geothermometer for natural waters, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 37, 1255-1275, 1973.
14. Frederickson, A.F., and J.E. Cox, Jr., The decomposition products of anorthite attacked by pure water at elevated temperatures and pressure, in Proc. Second Nat. Conf. Clays Clay Minerals, Nat. Res. Council Publ., 327, 111-119, 1954.
15. Giggenbach, W.F., Geothermal mineral equilibria, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45, 393-410, 1981.
16. Giggenbach, W.F., Mass transfer in hydrothermal alteration systems - A conceptual approach, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48, 2693-2711, 1984.
17. Gunderson, R.P., P.F. Dobson, W.D. Sharp, R. Pudjianto, and A. Hasibuan, Geology and thermal features of the Sarulla Contract Area, North Sumatra, Indonesia, in Proceedings of the World Geothermal Congress, 2, pp. 687-692, 1995.
18. Helgeson, H.C., Evaluation of irreversible reactions in geochemical processes involving minerals and aqueous solutions, I, Thermodynamic relations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 32, 853-877, 1968.
19. Hickman, S., R. Sibson, and R. Bruhn, Introduction to special section: Mechanical involvement of fluids in faulting, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 12,831-12,840, 1995.
20. Karner, S.L., C. Marone, and B. Evans, Laboratory study of fault healing and lithification in simulated fault gouge under hydrothermal conditions, Tectonophysics, 277, 41-55, 1997.
21. Kranz, R.L., A.D. Frankel, T. Engelder, and C.H. Scholz, The permeability of whole and jointed Barre granite, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abs., 16, 225-234, 1979.
22. Lachenbruch, A.H., and J.H. Sass, Heat flow and energetics of the San Andreas fault zone, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 6185-45223, 1980.
23. Lockner, D.A., and J.D. Byerlee, An earthquake instability model based on faults containing high fluid-pressure compartments, Pure Appl. Geophys., 145, 717-745, 1995.
24. Miller, S.A., A. Nur, and D.L. Olgaard, Earthquakes as a coupled shear stress-high pore pressure dynamical system, Geophy. Res. Lett., 23, 197-200, 1996.
25. Moore, D.E., Microcrack populations associated with a propagating shear fracture in granite, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rep., 93-245, 88 pp., 1993.
26. Moore, D.E., C.A. Morrow, and J.D. Byerlee, Chemical reactions accompanying fluid flow through granite held in a temperature gradient, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47, 445-453, 1983.
27. Moore, D.E., D.A. Lockner, and J.D. Byerlee, Reduction of permeability in granite at elevated temperatures, Science, 265, 1558-1561, 1994.
28. Morey, G.W., R.O. Fournier, and J.J. Rowe, The solubility of quartz in water in the temperature interval from 25° to 300°C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 26, 1029-1043, 1962.
29. Morrow, C.A., D.E. Moore, and J.D. Byerlee, Permeability and pore-fluid chemistry of the Topopah Spring Member of the Paintbrush Tuff, Nevada Test Site, in a temperature gradient - Application to nuclear waste storage, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 26, 883-890, 1984.
30. Morrow, C.A., D.E. Moore, and J.D. Byerlee, Permeability changes in crystalline rocks due to temperature: Effects of mineral assemblage, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 44, 467-474, 1985.
31. Morrow, C., D. Lockner, S. Hickman, M. Rusanov, and T. Röckel, Effects of lithology and depth on the permeability of core samples from the Kola and KTB drill holes, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 7263-7274, 1994.
32. Nakatani, M., A new mechanism of slip weakening and strength recovery of friction associated with the mechanical consolidation of gouge, J. Geophy. Res., 103, 27,239-27,256, 1998.
33. Neimi, T.M., and N.T. Hall, Late Holocene slip rate and recurrence of great earthquakes on the San Andreas fault in northern California, Geology, 20, 195-198, 1992.
34. Olsen, M.P., C.H. Scholz, and A. Léger, Healing and sealing of a simulated fault gouge under hydrothermal conditions: Implications for fault healing, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 7421-7430, 1998.
35. Potter, J.M., D.C. Pohl, R.N. Guillemette, H.B. Ponader, and J.G. Liou, A system for flow through experimental studies at hydrothermal conditions, Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Monatsh., 329-335, 1985.
36. Rice, J.R., Fault stress states, pore pressure distributions, and the weakness of the San Andreas fault, in Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rock, edited by B. Evans and T.-F. Wong, pp. 475-503, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1992.
37. Savage, D., M.R. Cave, A.E. Milodowski, and I. George, Hydrothermal alteration of granite by meteoric fluid: An example from the Carnmenellis granite, United Kingdom, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 96, 391-405, 1987.
38. Schiffman, P., D.K. Bird, and W.A. Elders, Hydrothermal mineralogy of calcareous sandstones from the Colorado River delta in the Cerro Prieto geothermal system, Baja California, Mexico, Mineral. Mag., 49, 435-449, 1985.
39. Scholz, C.H., A. Léger, and S.L. Karner, Experimental diagenesis: Exploratory results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 719-722, 1995.
40. Schwartz, D., D. Pantosti, K. Okumura, T. Powers, and J. Hamilton, Paleoseismic investigations in the Santa Cruz mountains, California: Implications for recurrence of large-magnitude earthquakes on the San Andreas fault, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17,985-18,001, 1998.
41. Sibson, R.H., Implications of fault-valve behavior for rupture nucleation and recurrence, Tectonophysics, 211, 283-293, 1992.
42. Sibson, R.H., Geology of the crustal earthquake source, in International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, edited by Lee, Kanamori, and Jennings, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 2001.
43. Sieh, K., M. Stuiver, and D. Brillinger, A more precise chronology of earthquakes produced by the San Andreas fault in southern California, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 603-623, 1989.
44. Smith, D.L., and B. Evans, Diffusional crack healing in quartz, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 4125-4135, 1984.
45. Tenthorey, E., C.H. Scholz, E. Aharonov, and A. Léger, Precipitation sealing and diagenesis, 1, Experimental results, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 23,951-23,967, 1998.
46. Welton, J.E., SEM Petrology Atlas, Methods in Explor. Ser., 237 pp., Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol., Tulsa Okla., 1984.