Homosexual orientation in males: Evolutionary and ethological aspects

Neuroendocrinology Letters

Volumn 22, Issue 6, 2001, Pages 393-400

  Muscarella, F ^a   Fink, B ^a   Grammer, K ^a   Kirk Smith, M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

Author keywords

Adaptedness; Evolution; Exaptation; Homosexuality; Kin selection; Sexual behavior; Sexual orientation

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; NEUROHORMONE; SEX HORMONE; TESTOSTERONE;

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; BISEXUALITY; CLINICAL RESEARCH; ESTROGEN BLOOD LEVEL; ETHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; HETEROSEXUALITY; HOMOSEXUALITY; HORMONAL REGULATION; HORMONE DETERMINATION; HUMAN; HYPOTHALAMUS HYPOPHYSIS ADRENAL SYSTEM; HYPOTHALAMUS HYPOPHYSIS GONAD SYSTEM; MALADJUSTMENT; MALE; NATURAL SELECTION; NEUROMODULATION; NONHUMAN; POPULATION; PSYCHOGENESIS; REPRODUCTION; REVIEW; SEXUAL ORIENTATION; TESTOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; THEORY;

EID: 0035668585     PISSN: 0172780X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Science in the bedroom: A history of sex research
2. Hormones and sexual behavior
3. Controlling desires: Sexual orientation conversion and the limits of knowledge and law
4. How is Darwinian medicine useful?
5. The evolution of human homosexual behavior
6. The homoerotic behavior that never evolved
7. The definition and scope of sexual orientation
8. Research on sexual orientation: Definitions and methods
9. Categories and sexuality
10. Sexual orientation
11. Wilson's panchreston: The inclusive fitness hypothesis of sociobiology re-examined
12. Is male homosexuality maintained via kin selection?
13. The evolution of desire: Strategies of human mating
14. What's love got to do with it? The evolution of human mating
15. The moral animal: Why we are the way we are: The new science of evolutionary psychology
16. Attitudes toward homosexuals: An alternative Darwinian view
17. Have attitudes toward homosexuals been shaped by natural selection?
18. Homosexuality as a byproduct of selection for optimal heterosexual strategies
19. Evolutionary psychiatry: A new beginning
20. Straight science? Homosexuality, evolution, and adaptation
21. Bitter-sweet destiny: The stormy evolution of human behavior
22. Homosexuality, birth order, and evolution: Toward an equilibrium reproductive economics of homosexuality
23. The modernist fallacy in homosexual selection theories: Homosexual and homosocial exaptation in South Asian society
24. Homosexual behavior in primates: A review of evidence and theory
25. Culture, Sexualities, and Identities: Men who have sex with men in India
26. The evolution of homoerotic behavior in humans
27. Hormones and sexual differentiation of the brain
28. Gonadotropin, estradiol, and testosterone profiles in homosexual men
29. Sex hormone dependent brain differentiation and sexual behavior
30. Neuroendocrine response to estrogen and sexual orientation
31. Are all males equal? Anatomic and functional basis for sexual orientation in males
32. Psychoneuroendocrinology and Sexual Pleasure: The Aspect of Sexual Orientation
33. Evidence for a morphological sex difference in the medial preoptic area of the rat brain
34. Patterning of sexual activity
35. The etiology of male homosexuality
36. The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length and male homosexuality
37. The 2nd: 4th digit ratio, sexual dimorphism, population differences, and reproductive success. Evidence for sexually antagonistic genes?
38. The psychobiology of human sexual orientation
39. Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation: A theory of homosexuality-heterosexuality
40. The periodic table model of the gender transpositions: Part I. A theory based on masculinization and defeminization of the brain
41. A biosocial overview of adult human sexual behavior with children and adolescents
42. Bulking up: The roles of sex and sexual orientation on attempts to manipulate physical attractiveness
43. An empirical test of an evolutionary based theory of male homosexual attraction
44. The significance of African apes for reconstructing human social evolution
45. Neuroendocrine foundations of diverse sexual phenotypes in fish
46. Gonadal steroids affect LHRH preoptic cell number in a sex/role changing fish
47. Serial adult sex change involves rapid and reversible changes in forebrain neurochemistry
48. The social organization of sexuality
49. Evolutionary psychology: The new science of the mind
50. The periodic table model of the gender transpositions: Part I: A theory based on masculinization and defeminization of the brain
51. Biological exuberance: Animal homosexuality and natural diversity