Free and unfree labor in Qing China emigration and escape among the bannermen of northeast China, 1789-1909

History of the Family

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 455-476

  Campbell, Cameron ^a   Lee, James ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

China; Geographic mobility; History; Household; Internal migration; Liaoning

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035648095     PISSN: 1081602X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1081-602X(01)00088-4     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Adams, J. W., & Kasakoff, A. B. (1985). Wealth and migration in Massachusetts and Maine. Journal of Economic History, 45 (2), 363-368.
2. Biraben, J. -N. (1979). Essai sur l'évolution du nombre des hommes. Population, 1, 13-25.
3. Campbell, C., & Lee, J. (1998a). Price fluctuations, family structure and mortality in two rural Chinese populations: Household responses to economic stress in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Liaoning. In: T. Saito, & O. Saito (Eds.), Population and Economy: From Hunger to Modern Economic Growth (pp. 371-420). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
4. Campbell, C. & Lee, J. (1998b). Economic and Household Determinants of Male First Marriage in Northeast China, 1789-1909. Unpublished manuscript.
5. Campbell, C. & Lee, J. (1999). Causes and Consequences of Household Division in Rural Liaoning, 1789-1909. Unpublished manuscript.
6. Crossley, P. (1990). Orphan Warriors: Three Manchu Generations and the End of the Qing World. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.
7. Das Gupta, M. (1997). Kinship systems and demographic regimes. In: Kertzer, & Fricke (Eds.), Anthropological Demography: Toward a New Synthesis (pp. 36-52). Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
8. Das Gupta, M. (1998). Lifeboat versus corporate ethic: Social and demographical implications of stem and joint families. In: A. Fauve-Chamoux, & E. Ochiai (Eds.), House and the Stem Family in EurAsian Perspective: Proceedings of the C18 Session. Twelfth International Economic History Congress, August 1998 (pp. 444-466). Kyoto: International Research Center for Japanese Studies.
9. Ding, Y. (1992). Qingdai Baqi Zhufang Zhidu Yanjiu (The Qing Eight Banner Garrison System). Tianjin: Guji chubanshe.
10. Elliott, M. (in press). The Manchu Way. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press.
11. Gamble, S. (1954). Ting Hsien: A North China Rural Community. New York: Institute of Pacific Relations.
12. Ge, J. (ed.) (1997). Zhongguo Yimin Shi (Chinese Migration History). (6 vols). Fuzhou: Fujian renmin chubanshe.
13. Guo, S. (1982). Qingchu fengjian guojia kenhuang zhengce fenxi (An analysis of the state policy of land reclamation during the early Qing). Qingshi Luncong (Essays in Qing History), 2, 111-138.
14. Harrell, S. J. (1987). On the holes in Chinese genealogies. Late Imperial China, 8, 53-79.
15. Ho, P. -T. (1962). The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility (1368-1911). New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
16. Isett, C. (1999). Village Organization, Customary Practices, and Peasant Property in Manchuria in the Late Imperial Period. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association of Asian Studies.
17. Jiang, T. (1993). Zhongguo Jindai Renkou Shi (Modern Population History of China). Zhejiang renmin chuban she.
18. Lavely, W., Lee, J., & Wang, F. (1990). Chinese demography: The state of the field. Journal of Asian Studies, 49 (4), 807-834.
19. Lee, J. (1978). Migration and expansion in Chinese history. In: W. H. McNeill, & R. S. Adams (Eds.), Human Migration: Patterns and Policies (pp. 20-47). Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press.
20. Lee, J. (2000). The Political Economy of a Frontier: Southwest China, 1250-1850. Harvard East Asian Monographs 190. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.
21. Lee, J., & Campbell, C. (1997). Fate and Fortune in Rural China. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
22. Lee, J., & Wang, F. (1999). One Quarter of Humanity: Malthusian Mythology and Chinese Reality, 1700-2000 Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.
23. Lee, J. & Wong, R. B. (1991). Population movements in Qing China and their linguistic legacy. In W. Wong (Ed.), Languages and Dialects of China (pp. 52-77). Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series No. 3. Berkeley: University of California Press.
24. Li, F. (1992). Houmahongzuicun Zhi (A History of Houmanhongzui Village). Yingkou xian yinshuachang.
25. McEvedy, C., & Jones, R. (1978). Atlas of World Population History. New York: Penguin Books.
26. Miyazaki, I. (1952). Sodai igo no tochi shoyu keitai (The demesne in China from the song onwards). Toyoshi Kenkyu, 12 (2), 1-34.
27. Miyazaki, I. (1973). Cong buqu dao dianke (From serfdom to tenancy). Shihuo, 3 (9), 427-443.
28. Miyazaki, I. (1974). Cong buqu dao dianke (From serfdom to tenancy). Shihuo, 3 (10), 473-492.
29. Nie, L. (1992). Liubao: Chugoku Hosei Chiho no Sozoku to Sono Atari (Liu Village: The Descent Group and its Changes in Northeast China). Tokyo: Tokyo Univ. Press.
30. Skinner, W. (1987). Sichuan's population in the nineteenth century: Lessons from disaggregated data. Late Imperial China, 8, 1-79.
31. Solinger, D. (1999). Contesting Citizenship in Urban China: Peasant Migrants, the State, and the Logic of the Market. Berkeley: University of California Press.
32. Telford, T. A. (1990). Patching the holes in Chinese genealogies. Late Imperial China, 11, 116-135.
33. U.S. Bureau of the Census. (1999). Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1998. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
34. Wang, L. (1995). Migration in two Minnan lineages in the Ming and Qing periods. In: S. Harrell (Ed.), Chinese Historical Microdemography (pp. 183-214). Berkeley: University of California Press.
35. Zhongguo Tongji Zaiyao (Chinese Statistical Abstract). Beijing: Tongji chubanshe.
36. Zhuang, Y. (1995). Zhongguo Renkou Qianyi Shuju Ji (A Collection of Human Migration Data of China). Beijing: Zhongguo renkou chubanshe.