Population management of Thrips palmi Karny

Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 39-59

  Kawai, Akira ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF VEGETABLE AND TEA SCIENCE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Control method; Lyfe cycle; Population management; Population model; Thrips palmi

Indexed keywords

CAPSICUM ANNUUM VAR. ANNUUM; CUCUMIS SATIVUS; INSECTA; SOLANUM MELONGENA; THRIPS PALMI;

EID: 0035644014     PISSN: 00214914     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1303/jjaez.2001.39     Document Type: Article

References (211)

1. Arakawa, H., K. Aida and M. Miya (1998) Biological control of eggplant pests by argumentation of natural enemies. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 45: 191-193.
2. Azuma, K., M. Morisita and S. Yano (1990) Control of Thrips palmi with high temperature by solar heating in plastic house of eggplant. Bull. Wakayama Pref. Agric. Exp. Stn. 14: 35-44.
3. Bhatti, B. S. (1980) Species of the genus Thrips from India (Thysanoptera). System. Entomol. 5: 109-166. f*n!B,'i£ (1988)
4. Gotoh, A. (1988) Injury on sudachi orange by Thrips palmi Karny. Noyaku Kenkyu (Res. Agric. Chem.) 34(3): 44.
5. Hanada, K. (2000) Recent topics on pests: silver mottle disease of watermelon. Agriculture and Horticulture 75: 97-102.
6. Hara, A. H., T. Y. Hata, V. L. Tenbrink and B. K. S. Hu (1995) Postharvest treatments against western flower thrips [Flankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)] and melon thrips [Thrips palmi Karny] on orchid. Ann. Appl. Biol. 126: 403-415.
7. Hata, T. Y., A. H. Hara, B. K. S. Hu, R. T. Kaneko and V. L. Tenbrink (1993) Field sprays and insecticidal dips after harvest for pest management of Flankliniella occidentalis and Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae) on orchid. J. Econ. Entomol. 86: 1483-1489.
8. Hayashi, N. (1992) Insecticide susceptibility and change in Thrips palmi Karny. Bull. Res. Lab. JPPA 6: 23-28.
9. Hirano, C., E. Itoh, K. Yasumi and M. Horiike (1992) Short distance walking responses of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to tomato leaves. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 28: 233-234.
10. Hirano, C., Y. Jinbo, K. Yasumi and M. Horiike (1990) Thrips palmi: indiscriminative invasion into green-house with host and non-host plants. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 25: 53-55.
11. Hirano, C., Y. Jinbo, K. Yasumi and M. Horiike (1993) Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on tomato leaves: hatchability of eggs and post-embryonic development of hatchlings. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 28: 79-81.
12. Hirose, Y. (1990) Prospective use of natural enemies to control Thrips palmi (Thysanop., Thripidae). In The Use of Natural Enemies to Control Agricultural Pests (J. Bay-Petersen ed.). FFTC, Taipei, pp. 135-141.
13. Hirose, Y., H. Kajita and M. Takagi (1990) Discovery of the natural enemies of Thrips palmi in southern asia and a possibility of their introduction in Japan. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 44: 133-136.
14. Hirose, Y., H. Kajita, M. Takagi, S. Okajima, B. Napompeth and S. Buranapanichpan (1994) Natural enemies of Thrips palmi and their effectiveness in the natural habitat, Thailand. Biological Control 3: 1-5.
15. Hirose, Y., Y. Nakashima, M. Takagi, K. Nagai, K. Shima, K. Yasuda and K. Kohno (1999) Survey of indigenous natural enemies of the adventive pest Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 34: 489-496.
16. Hokama, K. (1987) Occurrence and control of the vegetable virus diseases in Okinawa Prefecture. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 41: 574-577.
17. Hokama, K., S. Hanashiro, F. Nakasone and I. Tokashiki (1985) Control of silver mottle disease of watermelon (TSWV) by using ultraviolet absorbing vinyl film. Bull. Okinawa Agric. Exp. Stn. 10: 123-127.
18. Hokama, K. and I. Tokashiki (1986) Control of wax gourd virus disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus by physical methods. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu: 45-48.
19. Honda, J. Y., Y. Nakashima and Y. Hirose (1998) Development, reproduction and longevity of Orius minutus and Orius sauteri (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) when reared on Ephestia kuehniella eggs. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 33: 449-453.
20. Horikiri, M. (1981) Occurrence and injury of Thrips palmi Karny to the vegetables in Kagoshima Prefecture. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 35: 294-295.
21. Ichikawa, K., T. Ohno and T. Asayama (1988) Control of Thrips palmi Karny by chitin synthesis inhibitors. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc: 31: 174-175.
22. Ikeda, F. (1981) Occurrence and injury of Thrips palmi Karny to the muskmelon in green houses in Shizuoka Prefecture. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 35: 289-290.
23. Ikeda, F., T. Ishikawa and S. Kubota (1984a) Control of Thrips palmi Karny on seedling of musk melon. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 26: 56-57.
24. Ikeda, F., T. Ishikawa and S. Kubota (1988) Chemical control of Thrips palmi Karny on lantern plant. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 35: 201-202.
25. Ikeda, F., S. Kubota and T. Ishikawa (1984b) Chemical control of the pupae of Thrips palmi Karny in the musk melon green house. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 31: 147-148.
26. Ikeda, F., S. Kubota and T. Ishikawa (1984c) Pupating site of Thrips palmi Karny in the musk melon green house. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 31: 143-144.
27. Ikeda, F., S. Kubota and T. Ishikawa (1984d) Chemical control of Thrips palmi Karny by ultra low volume spray. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 31: 149-150.
28. Ikeda, F., S. Kubota, T. Ishikawa and H. Takuhashi (1984e) Some factors affecting the prevalence of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) on musk melon in the greenhouses. Bull. Shizuoka Agric. Exp. Stn. 29: 33-40.
29. Itoh, K., M. Nomura and T. Eguchi (1988) Control of Thrips palmi Karny on spinach. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 30: 97-98.
30. Iwaki, M., Y. Honda, K. Hanada, H. Tochihara, T. Yonaha, K. Hokama and K. Yokoyama (1984) Silver mottle disease of watermelon caused by tomato spotted wilt virus. Plant Disease 68: 1006-1008.
31. Kajita, Y. (1985) Predacious natural enemies of Thrips palmi Karny. Pulex 71: 329-330.
32. Kajita, Y. (1986) Predation by Amblyseius spp. (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) and Orius sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 21: 482-484.
33. Kajitani, Y., T. Nakamura, H. Ikeda, S. Tanaka, M. Mochimaru, T. Nishimi, M. Shinokura, Y. Nakano, S. Kamabori, H. Ikutake, T. Ono and T. Hukami (1988) Seasonal prevalence of Thrips palmi Karny on eggplant in Amagi City, Fukuoka Prefecture in 1987. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 34: 136-138.
34. Kakei, Y. and K. Tsuchida (2000) Influences of relative humidity on mortality during the pupal stage of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 35: 63-67.
35. Kato, K. (2000) Recent topics on pests: melon yellow spot virus. Agriculture and Horticulture 75: 103-107.
36. Kawai, A. (1983a) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 1. Population growth and distribution pattern on cucumber in greenhouse. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 27: 261-264.
37. Kawai, A. (1983b) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 3. Relationship between the density of adults on plant and the number of individuals trapped by sticky traps. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 29: 87-89.
38. Kawai, A. (1984) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 5. Population growth on cucumber in open field. Kyushu Agric. Res. 46: 121-122.
39. Kawai, A. (1985a) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 7. Effect of temperature on population growth. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 29: 140-143.
40. Kawai, A. (1985b) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 9. Interspecific competition with Aphis gossypii Glover. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 31: 156-159.
41. Kawai, A. (1986a) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 10. Differences in population growth on various crops. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 30: 7-11.
42. Kawai, A. (1986b) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 11. Analysis of damage on cucumber. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 30: 12-16.
43. Kawai, A. (1986c) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 11. Analyses of damage on eggplant and sweet pepper. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 30: 179-187.
44. Kawai, A. (1986d) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 13. Comparison of the adult movement in the plastic greenhouse depending on the covering materials. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 32: 163-165.
45. Kawai, A. (1986e) Studies on population ecology and population management of Thrips palmi Karny. Bull. Veg. & Ornam. Crops Res. Stn. C9: 69-135.
46. Kawai, A. (1987) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 14. Relationship between the density and rate of copulation. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 31: 85-87.
47. Kawai, A. (1988a) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 16. Distribution among leaf, flower and fruit on eggplant and sweet pepper. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 291-296.
48. Kawai, A. (1988b) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 17. Relationship between the density on eggplant and sweet pepper and rate of copulation. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 334-336.
49. Kawai, A. (1990a) Pest management in greenhouse vegetable cultivation: management of Thrips palmi Karny. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 44: 341-344.
50. Kawai, A. (1990b) Techniques for pest control: Thrips palmi Karny. In Development of Agricultural Techniques in Kyushu Region. Kyushu Nogyokenkyukikan Kyogikai, Chikugo, pp. 197-198.
51. Kawai, A. (1995) Control of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera; Thripidae) by Orius spp. (Heteroptera; Anthocoridae) on greenhouse eggplant. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 30: 1-7.
52. Kawai, A. (1995) Dispersal of Orius spp. on greenhouse eggplants infested with Thrips palmi Karny. Bull. Natl. Res. Inst. Veg. Ornam. Plants & Tea A10: 25-32.
53. Kawai, A. (1996) Population management of Thrips palmi Karny. In Development of Insect Population Ecology (E. Kuno ed.). Kyoto Univ. Press, Kyoto, pp. 75-89.
54. Kawai, A. (2000) Recent topics on pests: thrips. Agriculture and Horticulture 75: 152-157.
55. Kawai, A. and K. Kawamoto (1994) Predatory activity of Orius spp. and effect on the populations of minute sucking pests occurring on eggplant in open fields. Bull. Natl. Res. Inst. Veg. Ornam. Plants & Tea A9: 85-101.
56. Kawai, A. and C. Kitamura (1987) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 15. Evaluation of effectiveness of control methods using a simulation model. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 22: 292-302.
57. Kawai, A. and C. Kitamura (1990) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 18. Evaluation of effectiveness of control methods of thrips on eggplant and sweet pepper using a simulation model. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 25: 161-175.
58. Kawai, A., C. Kitamura and T. Yoshihara (1985) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 8. Population trends examined by direct count and the sticky trap method. Bull. Veg. & Ornam. Crops Res. Stn. 8: 81-86.
59. Kawamoto, K., F. Ikeda, S. Kubota and T. Koshihara (1984) Possibility in the overwintering of Thrips palmi Karny in open field. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 26: 55.
60. Kawamoto, K. and A. Kawai (1988) Effect of Orius sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on the poulation of several pests occurring on eggplant. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 34: 141-143.
61. Kazano, H. and T. Nishino (1986) Measurement of cholineesterase activity in Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prof. Kyushu 32: 166-168.
62. Kegasawa, K., T. Matsuzaki, F. Takeuchi, Y. Sasaki and Y. Noguchi (1982) Dispersion of Thrips palmi Karny in Shikoku area. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 17: 23-28.
63. Kimura, Y. and H. Tanaka (1987) Effect of cheesecloth on preventing invasion of Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 29: 87.
64. Kinjo, T., T. Nakasone, M. Arasaki, Y. Nagamine, H. Suzuki and A. Miyara (1985) Integrated control of Thrips palmi on green pepper cultivated in a greenhouse. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 31: 160-165.
65. Kita, N. and A. Nakano (1993) Effect of juvenile hormone agent on mulching material on Thrips palmi Karny injurious to eggplant. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 28: 83-88.
66. Kitakata, S. and M. Yoshida (1982) Control of insect in greenhouses by coloured ribbon traps. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 36: 478-481.
67. Kitamura, C. and A. Kawai (1984) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 4. Distribution pattern on eggplant in greenhouse. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 28: 181-183.
68. Kitamura, C. and A. Kawai (1986) Bioassay of non-preference of Thrips palmi Karny to tomato. Kyushu Agric. Res. 48: 164.
69. Kitamura, C., A. Kawai and J. Koyama (1984) Studies on population ecology of Thrips palmi Karny. 6. Population growth and distribution on eggplant in the field and greenhouse. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 30: 129-132.
70. Kobayasi, Y., K. Iwakura, T. Ohishi and S. Takeshima (1985) Integrated control of Thrips palmi on musk melons in greenhouses. Bull. Shizuoka Agric. Exp. Stn. 30: 35-44.
71. Kohno, K. and Y. Hirose (1996) The stilt bug Yemma exilis (Heteroptera: Berytidae) as a predator of Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) and Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on eggplant. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 406-409.
72. Koizumi, S. (1985) Studies on Thysanoptera on tobacco plants. 1. Species of Thysanoptera infesting tobacco plants. Bull. Kagoshima Tobacco Exp. Stn. 26: 55-74.
73. Koyama, K. and M. Matsui (1991) Nutritional physiology of Thrips palmi Karny: Survival period of the adults reared on distilled water under various temperatures. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 33: 119-120.
74. Koyama, K. and M. Matsui (1992a) Rearing of the adult of Thrips palmi Karny on dry leaf piece of tomato. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 34: 35-36.
75. Koyama, K. and M. Matsui (1992a) Rearing of the adult of Thrips palmi Karny on dry leaf powder of cucumber, eggplant and tomato. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 36: 52-54.
76. Koyama, K. and M. Matsui (1992c) Survival of the adult of Thrips palmi Karny on various sugar solutions. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 39: 205-208.
77. Koyama, K. and M. Matsui (1992a) Rearing of adults of Thrips palmi Karny, survival period of adults on an artificial diet under various temperatures. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 40: 213-215.
78. Koyama, K. and M. Matsui (1995) Nutritional physiology of Thrips palmi Karny: survival period of the nymphs reared on various sugar solutions. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 42: 201-204.
79. Koyama, K. and K. Tanaka (1990) Nutritional physiology of Thrips palmi Karny: Survival period of the adults reared without any food under various temperatures. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 32: 62.
80. Kubota, S. (1989) Evaluation of the effect of some chitin synthesis inhibitors against Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidael infesting musk melons. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 24: 349-357.
81. Kubota, S., F. Ikeda, T. Koshihara and S. Takeuchi (1983) Seasonal prevalence of occurrence in Thrips palmi Karny on eggplants in a plastic greenhouse. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 30: 148-149.
82. Kubota, S., F. Ikeda, T. Ishikawa, S. Takeuchi and N. Kawase (1984) Varietal difference in injury by Thrips palmi Karny in chrysanthemum. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 31: 174-175.
83. Kudo, I. (1981) Thrips palmi Karny attacking some vegetables in Japan. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 35: 285-288.
84. Kuno, E. (1978) Simple mathematical model to discribe the rate of mating in insect populations. Res. Popul. Ecol. 20: 50-60.
85. Kuroki, S., F. Kuroki, Y. Kawasaki and K. Nonaka (1993) Studies on a fungus, Beauveria bassiana, isolated from Thrips palmi Karny. 1. Pathogenicity to Thrips palmi and Bemisia tabaci and effect of pesticides on hyphal growth. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 39: 111-113.
86. Kuroki, S., M. Nakamura and N. Aman (1997a) Control of Thrips palmi using Amblyseiuts cucumeris on retarding culture cucumber in greenhouse. Kyushu Agric. Res. 60: 81.
87. Kuroki, S., M. Nakamura and Y. Kawasaki (1996) Studies on integrated control of major insect pests of sweetpepper in a greenhouse. 2. Pathogenicity of some strains of entomopathogenic fungi to Thrips palmi and Myzus persicae. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 42: 103-105.
88. Kuroki, S., M. Nakamura and Y. Kawasaki (1997b) Control of Thrips palmi on retarding culture cucumber in greenhouse using Orius sauteri. Kyushu Agric. Res. 59: 80.
89. Kuroki, S., M. Nakamura and Y. Kawasaki (1997c) Studies on integrated control of major insect pests of sweetpepper in a greenhouse. 3. Control of Thrips palmi with 2 species of predators. Orius sauteri and Amblyseius cucumeris. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 43: 106-109.
90. Listinger, J. A. and Ruhendi (1984) Rice stubble and straw mulch suppression of preflowering insect pests of cowpeas sown after puddled rice. Environ. Entomol. 13: 509-514.
91. Makino, S. (1984) Control of Thrips palmi Karny by mulching with polyethylene film. Kyushu Agric. Res. 46: 126.
92. Makino, S. and S. Yamashita (1986) Establishment of control program of Thrips palmi Karny on cucumber. Kyushu Agric. Res. 48: 163.
93. Matsui, M., S. Monma and K. Koyama (1995) Screening of resistant plants in genus Solanum to Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and factors related to their resistance. Bull. Natl. Res. Inst. Veg. Ornam. Plants & Tea A10: 13-24.
94. Matsumoto, S., K. Yoshioka, T. Matsuoka and Y. Yamasaki (1983) Dispersal of Thrips palmi Karny in fields and its infestation on eggplants. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 18: 67-72.
95. Matsuno, H. and A. Eiri (1984) Occurrence of Thrips palmi Karny and damage on eggplant in the greenhouse. Kyushu Agric. Res. 46: 123.
96. Matsuno, H. and T. Nakayama (1985) Control of Thrips palmi Karny on watermelon in a plastic greenhouse. Kyushu Agric. Res. 47: 113.
97. Matsuno, H. and T. Nakayama (1986) Distribution pattern of Thrips palmi Karny on leaves of watermelon in a plastic greenhouse. Kyushu Agric. Res. 48: 161.
98. Matsuno, H. and K. Okuhara (1985) Seasonal prevalence and control of Thrips palmi Karny on watermelon in a plastic greenhouse in Kumamoto Prefecture. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 31: 148-152.
99. Matsuno, H., K. Okuhara, A. Eiri, T. Nakayama, T. Morita and Y. Ogawa (1987) Seasonal prevalence and control of Thrips palmi Karny on watermelon in Kumamoto Prefecture. Bull. Kuwamoto Agric. Exp. Stn. 12: 123-151.
100. Matsuoka, T., K. Yoshioka and Y. Yamazaki (1985a) Control of Thrips palmi Karny on eggplant in an open culture by covering whole of the field with silver plastic mulch. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 20: 103-106.
101. Matsuoka, T., K. Yoshioka and Y. Yamazaki (1985b) The control effect of silver cheesecloth shelter and covering around the field with silver plastic mulch for Thrips palmi Karny on eggplant in an open culture. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 20: 107-110.
102. Matsuoka, T., K. Yoshioka and Y. Yamazaki (1986) Integrated control of Thrips palmi Karny on open culture eggplants. Bull. Ehime Agric. Exp. Stn. 25: 42-58.
103. Matsuzaki, T. (1981) Occurrence and injury of Thrips palmi Karny to the vegetable fruits in Kochi Prefecture. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 35: 291-293.
104. Matsuzaki, T. and K. Ichikawa (1985) Injury on eggplant by Thrips palmi Karny in greenhouse. Bull. Kochi Inst. Agr & Forest. Sci. 17: 25-31.
105. Matsuzaki, T., K. Ichikawa, K. Kusakawa and H. Ogawa (1985) Some factors affecting the seasonal prevalence of Thrips palmi Karny on eggplant in the field and greenhouse. Bull. Kochi Inst. Agr. & Forest. Sci. 17: 15-24.
106. Matsuzaki, T., K. Ichikawa, M. Kitamura, T. Matsumoto and S. Hamada (1986a) Studies on the control of Thrips palmi Karny. 3. Practical control program. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 21: 95-100.
107. Matsuzaki, T., K. Ichikawa, K. Kusakawa and H. Ogawa (1986b) Studies on the control of Thrips palmi Karny. 2. Physical control. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 21: 75-86.
108. Matsuzaki, T., K. Ichikawa, K. Kusakawa, H. Ogawa and K. Fujimoto (1986c) Studies on the control of Thrips palmi Karny. 1. Chemical control. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 21: 75-86.
109. Mituda, E. C. and V. J. Calilung (1989) Biology of Orius tantillus (Motschlsky) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) and its predatory capacity against Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on watermelon. Philippine Agriculturist 72: 165-184.
110. Miyashita, T. (1990) Varietal difference in injury by Thrips palmi on chrysanthemum. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 25: 49-51.
111. Miyashita, T. and N. Soichi (1993) Studies on the varietal difference in injury caused by Thrips palmi in chrysanthemum. 3. Relationship between infested part, density and injury. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 37: 227-233.
112. Miyashita, T. and T. Watanabe (1991) Study of varietal difference in injury by Thrips palmi in chrysanthemum. 2. Varietal difference in reproductive rate and adult preference. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 26: 95-99.
113. Miyazaki, M. and I. Kudo (1988) Bibliography and host plant catalogue of thysanoptera of Japan. Misc. Publ. Natl. Inst. Agro-Environ. Sci. 3: 1-246.
114. Morishita, M. (1993) Toxicity and synergism of some insecticides against larvae of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 37: 153-157.
115. Morishita, M. (1997) Methods for the mesurement of susceptibility of agricultural insect pests to insecticides: the melon thrips, Thrips palmi Karny. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 51: 232-234.
116. Morishita, M. and K. Azuma (1988) Population fluctuation and economic injury level of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on sweet pepper in vinyl-house cultivation. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 30: 57-62.
117. Morishita, M. and K. Azuma (1989) Seasonal fluctuation of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on eggplant in vinyl-houses and fields. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 31: 1-5.
118. Mound, L. A., G. J. du Heaume and A. K. Walker (1992) Identification. In Thrips Palmi: A Literature Survey with an Annotated Bibliography (D. J. Girling ed.). International Institute of Biological Control, Ascot, pp. 7-11.
119. Nagai, K. (1989) Developmental duration of Orius sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) reared on Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 33: 260-262.
120. Nagai, K. (1990) Effects of juvenile hormone mimic material, 4-phenoxyphenyl (RS)-2-(2-pyridyloxy) propyl ether, on Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and its predator Orius sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 25: 199-204.
121. Nagai, K. (1990a) Suppressive effect of Orius sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on the population density of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in eggplant in an open field. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 34: 109-114.
122. Nagai, K. (1990b) Effect of insecticides on Orius sp., the natural enemy of Thrips palmi Karny. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 34: 321-324.
123. Nagai, K. (1991a) Predatory characteristics of Orius sp. on Thrips palmi Karny, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida, Aphis gossypii Glover. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 35: 269-274.
124. Nagai, K. (1991b) Integrated control program for Thrips palmi Karny on eggplant Solanum melongena L. in an open field. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 35: 283-289.
125. Nagai, K. (1993) Studies on integrated pest management of Thrips palmi Karny. Spec. Bull. Okayama Agric. Exp. Stn. 82: 1-55.
126. Nagai, K., T. Hiramatsu and T. Henmi (1988a) Effect of flufenoxuron (Benzolphenylurea) on Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 297-299.
127. Nagai, K., T. Hiramatsu and T. Henmi (1988b) Predatory effect of Orius sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on the density of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on eggplant. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 300-304.
128. Nagai, K., Y. Hirose, M. Takagi, Y. Nakashima and T. Hiramatsu (1998) Selection of alternative prey for rearing Orius tantillus (Motschulsky). Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 42: 85-87.
129. Nagai, K. and K. Koyama (1993) Rearing Orius sp. on holidic diet. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 37: 97-98.
130. Nagai, K. and H. Tsumuki (1990) Search for winter host plants of Thrips palmi Karny in winter. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 34: 105-108.
131. Nagai, K. and E. Yano (1999) Effects of temperature on the development and reproduction of Orius sauteri (Poppius) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), a predator of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 34: 223-229.
132. Nakaishi, K., Y. Asahina, I. Yamashita, A. Takahashi and K. Yamawaki (1999) Control of Spodoptera litura and Thrips palmi on cucumber in plastic greenhouse retardation culture by net-type livecover. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 34: 77-84.
133. Nakamura, T. and H. Ikeda (1988) Integrated control against Thrips palmi Karny on eggplant in the field. Bull. Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent. B-7: 93-96.
134. Nakamura, T., S. Tanaka and H. Ikeda (1984) Studies on the control of Thrips palmi Karny on eggplant, cucumber and chrysanthemum by cultural and chemical control. Bull. Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent. B-3: 77-84.
135. Nakashima, Y. and Y. Hirose (1997) Winter reproduction and photoperiodic effects on diapause induction of Orius tantillus (Motschlsky) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), a predator of Thrips palmi. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 403-405.
136. Nakahima, Y., Y. Hirose and K. Kinjo (1996) Rearing Orius sauteri (Poppius) on diet of freeze-dried larval powder of melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 40: 80-82.
137. Nakata, T. (1995) Effect of rearing temperature on the development of Orius sauteri (Poppius) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 30: 145-151.
138. Nasu, Y., Y. Kimura and H. Tsuji (1986) Control of Thrips palmi Karny using agricultural covering materials. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 28: 25-29.
139. Nasu, Y., H. Tanaka and Y. Kimura (1987) Control of Thrips palmi Karny using the fence of cheesecloth and mulching. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 29: 56.
140. Nishino, T. (1983) Testing methods for ovicidal action of chemicals on Thrips palmi Karny. Kyushu Agric. Res. 45: 121.
141. Nishino, T. (1985) Chemical control of Thrips palmi Karny in seedling stage. Kyushu Agric. Res. 45: 114.
142. Nishino, T. (1987) Seasonal fluctuation of susceptibility to insecticides in Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 33: 150-153.
143. Nishino, T. (1988) Ecology and control of Thrips palmi Karny. Bull. Nagasaki Agric. & For. Exp. Stn. 16: 69-95.
144. Nishino, T. and K. Ono (1984) Control of Thrips palmi Karny by sticky ribbon traps (SEIRYU). Kyushu Agric. Res. 46: 124.
145. Nishino, T., K. Ono, Y. Ogawa and K. Hama (1983) Seasonal prevalence of Thrips palmi Karny on cucumber and eggplant in a plastic greenhouse. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 29: 81-85.
146. Nonaka, K. and K. Nagai (1980) Occurrence and control of thrips on fruit vegetables in Miyazaki Prefecture. Noyaku Kenkyu (Res. Agric. Chem.) 27(2): 7-11.
147. Nonaka, K. and K. Nagai (1983) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 7. Control of Thrips palmi using UV-cut film. Kyushu Agric. Res. 45: 119-120.
148. Nonaka, K. and K. Nagai (1984) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 8. Control of Thrips palmi using blue coloured sticky ribbons. Kyushu Agric. Res. 44: 119.
149. Nonaka, K. and K. Nagai (1986) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 9. Control-mechanism of UV-cut vinyl film to Thrips palmi. Kyushu Agric. Res. 48: 162.
150. Nonaka, K., K. Nagai and E. Yamamoto (1982a) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 4. Resistance to Thrips palmi to cold and heat. Kyushu Agric. Res. 44: 119.
151. Nonaka, K., S. Teramoto and K. Nagai (1982b) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 5. Developmental velocity of Thrips palmi. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 28: 126-127.
152. Nozawa, H., M. Matsui and K. Koyama (1994) An examination on susceptibility of Thrips palmi Karny to insecticides collected from various places in Japan. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 41: 205-207.
153. Ohkubo, N. (1989) Damage -ff on young fruits of murcot, a variety of tangor, in the greenhouse by Thrips palmi Karny. Kyushu Agric. Res. 51: 120.
154. Ohnishi, T. and T. Miyashita (1985) Effects of carbosulfan granule against Thrips palmi Karny on the muskmelon in a greenhouse. Proc Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 20: 97-101.
155. Ohno, K. and H. Takemoto (1997) Species composition and seasonal occurrence of Orius spp. (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), predacious natural enemies of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in eggplant fields and surrounding habitats. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 27-35.
156. Ohno, K., H. Takemoto, K. Kawano and K. Hayashi (1995) Effectiveness of integrated pest control for Thrips palmi Karny on eggplants: a case study in a commercial field. Bull. Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent. 14: 104-109.
157. Ohno, T., T. Asayama and K. Ichikawa (1987) Field evaluation of several insecticides for the control of Thrips palmi Karny on spinach plant. Res. Bull. Aichi Agric. Ctr. 19: 200-208.
158. Ohno, T., K. Ichikawa, T. Asayama and K. Hirota (1990) Control measure of Thrips palmi Karny on chrysanthemum. Res. Bull. Aichi Agric. Ctr. 22: 211-218.
159. Onogi, S., Y. Urabe, I. Ichihara and K. Itakura (1984) A trial of establishment of chemical control system for Thrips palmi Karny on the musk melon in green houses. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 31: 145-146.
160. Orita, S. (1985) Damage caused by Thrips palmi Karny to the autumn potato crop. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 31: 153-155.
161. Rosenheim, A. A., S. C. Welter, M. W. Johnson, R. F. L. Mau and L. R. Gusukuma-Minuto (1990) Direct feeding damage on cucumber of Thrips palmi and Flankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 83: 1519-1525.
162. Saito, T. (1991) A field trial of an entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., for the control of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 35: 80-81.
163. Saito, T. (1992) Control of Thrips palmi Karny and Bemisia tabaci by a mycoinsecticidal preparation of Verticillium lecanii. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Stn: 39: 209-210.
164. Saito, T. and Y. Kobayashi (1987) Pathogenicity of several entomogenous nematodes towards Thrips palmi. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 34: 168.
165. Saito, T., S. Kubota and M. Shimazu (1989) A first record of the entomopathogenic fungus, Neozygites parvispora (MacLeod & Carl) Rem. & Kell., on Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thiripidae) in Japan. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 24: 233-235.
166. Sato, R. (1992) Occurrence and control of Thrips palmi Karny in Fukushima Prefecture. Noyaku Kenkyu (Res. Agric. Chem.) 38(3): 37-40.
167. Sawada, M. (1985) Seasonal prevalence of Thrips palmi Karny on eggplants in field and its control. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 32: 185-186.
168. Sezaki, S., M. Inoue, M. Oda and E. Wakatsuki (1989) A comparative study of the x-shaped training and the palmette training of eggplant on the control of Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 31: 11-14.
169. Sone, S., T. Maki, K. Iwaya and Y. Otsu (1998) New pestcide bioassay method for Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) using cucumber seedlings. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 42: 215-220.
170. Suzuki, H. (1984) Studies on ecology and control of the southern yellow thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). (2) A simple sampling method at the cucumber fields. Bull. Okinawa Agric. Exp. Stn. 9: 95-101.
171. 3 wettable powder. Bull. Okinawa Agric. Exp. Stn. 10: 135-140.
172. Suzuki, H. (1986) Studies on ecology and control of the southern yellow thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). (4) Physical control method by mulch film coating with several sticky substances. Bull. Okinawa Agric. Exp. Stn. 11: 73-79.
173. Suzuki, H. (1987a) Studies on ecology and control of the southern yellow thrips. Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). (5) Physical control method by mulching with near-ultraviolet radiation reflecting films. Bull. Okinawa Agric. Exp. Stn. 12: 29-35.
174. Suzuki, H. (1987b) Studies on ecology and control of the southern yellow thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). (6) Physical control method by mulch film coating with machine and rapeseed oil emulsions. Bull. Okinawa Agric. Exp. Stn. 12: 37-43.
175. Suzuki, H., S. Hanashiro, F. Nakasone, S. Yamauchi and A. Miyara (1986) Integrated control of Thrips palmi on cucurbits (watermelon and waxgourd) fields. Proc. Assoc. Plant Prot. Kyushu 32: 158-162.
176. Suzuki, H. and S. Miyagi (1987) Integrated control of Thrips palmi on eggplant cultivated in a greenhouse and field. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 33: 154-158.
177. Suzuki, H. and A. Miyara (1983) Integrated control of Thrips palmi using silver-colored covering materials. (1) Loss assessment on cucumber. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 29: 77-80.
178. Suzuki, H. and A. Miyara (1984a) Studies on ecology and control of the southern yellow thrips, Thrips palmi Karny (Yhysanoptera: Thripidae). (1) Physical control using agricultural covering materials. Bull. Okinawa Agric. Exp. Stn. 9: 85-93.
179. Suzuki, H. and A. Miyara (1984b) Integrated control of Thrips palmi using agricultural covering materials. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 30: 135-139.
180. Suzuki, H., S. Tamaki and A. Miyara (1982) Physical control of Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 28: 134-137.
181. Takai, M., T. Futagami, M. Kawamura and K. Kegasawa (1983) Injuries of rice plant by Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 18: 53-60.
182. Takeuchi, S., Y. Kobayashi, S. Kitakata, K. Matsuo, M. Yoshida and E. Shirai (1983a) Suppression effect of the mass trapping by a sticky ribbon. "Seiryu". to Thrips palmi Karny on the eggplant in plastic greenhouses. Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 30: 146-147.
183. Takeuchi, S., K. Takeda, T. Shiramatsu and M. Horiuchi (1983b) Daily activity of Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 30: 144-145.
184. Tanaka, H. and Y. Kimura (1988) On invasion of Thrips palmi Karny Io the open field eggplant. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 30: 99.
185. Tanaka, H. and Y. Kimura (1991) On percentage of preventing invasion of Thrips palmi Karny by the net-type livecover. Proc. Kansai Pl. Prot. Soc. 33: 117-118.
186. Teramoto, S., K. Nonaka and K. Nagai (1982) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 6. Reproductive potential of Thrips palmi. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 28: 128-129.
187. Toda, S., T. Kashio, M. Kojima and H. Kiyota (1996) An attempt at integrated control of major insect pests of greenhouse melon utilizing four species of natural enemies in summer season culture. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 42: 106-113.
188. Torigoe, H. and M. Kameya (1992) Stability in crude sap and host range of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) occurred on wax gourd in Kagoshima Prefecture. Kyushu Agric. Res. 54: 94.
189. Tsai, J. H., B. Yue, S. E. Webb, J. E. Funderburk and H. T. Hsu (1995) Effects of host plant and temperature on growth and reproduction of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Environ. Entomol. 24: 1598-1603.
190. Tsuchida, K. (1996) Adult emergence sites of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in an eggplant field with mulching sheet. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 32: 246-249.
191. Tsuda, S., M. Kameya-Iwaki, K. Hanada, K. Tomaru and Y. Minobe (1996) Grouping of five tospovirus isolates from Japan. Acta Horticulturae 431: 176-185.
192. Tsumuki, H., K. Nagai and K. Kanehisa (1987) Cold hardiness of Thrips palmi Karny. 1. Survival period of winter and summer populations at low temperature. Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol Zool. 31: 328-332.
193. Urano, S., K. Shima and K. Hongo (1998) An analytical predator-prey model to optimize inundative release of predators and the use of Wollastaniella rotunda (Yasunaga: Miyamoto) for biological control of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Kyushu Pl. Prot. Res. 44: 79-82.
194. Walker, A. K. (1992) Pest status. In Thrips Palmi: A Literature Survey with an Annotated Bibliography (D. J. Girling ed.). International Institute of Biological Control, Ascot, pp. 3-6.
195. Welter, S. C., J. A. Rosenheim, M. W. Johnson, R. F. L. Mau and L. R. Gusukuma-Minuto (1990) Effects of Thrips palmi and western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on the yield, growth, and carbon allocation pattern in cucumber. J. Econ. Entomol. 83: 2092-2101.
196. Yamamoto, E., K. Nagai and K. Nonaka (1981) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 1. Flight. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 27: 98-99.
197. Yamamoto, E., K. Nagai and K. Nonaka (1982) Ecology and control of the thrips infesting fruit vegetables. 3. Sites for infestation and pupation of Thrips palmi. Kyushu Agric. Res. 44: 118.
198. Yamashita, I. (1995) Insecticide susceptibility of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Kochi. Bull. Kochi Agric. Res. Cent. 4: 19-24.
199. Yasuda, K. and T. Momoki (1988) Varietal resistance of eggplant introduced from Southeast Asia to Leucinodes orbonalis Quenee and Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 34: 139-140.
200. Yasumi, K., T. Shinohara, M. Horiike and C. Hirano (1991a) Effect of tomato leaf constituents on survival of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Jpn. J. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 35: 311-316.
201. Yasumi, K., Y. Shomae, M. Horiike and C. Hirano (1991b) Survival of Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on leaves of egg-plant, cucumber and tomato. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Protec. Shikoku 26: 77-79.
202. Yasunaga, T. (1993) A taxinomic study of the genus Heterorius Wagner of the genus Orius Wolfe from Japan (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae). Jpn. J. Entomol. 61: 11-22.
203. Yasunaga, T. and T. Kashio (1993) Taxonomy and identification of Japanese Orius species. Shokubutsu boueki (Plant Protect.) 47: 180-183.
204. Yasunaga, T. and S. Miyamoto (1993) Three Anthocorid species (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), predators of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera) in eggplant gardens of Thailand. Appl. Entomol. Zool. 28: 227-232.
205. Yeh, S. D. and T. F. Chang (1995) Nucleotide sequence of the N gene of watermelon silver mottle virus, a proposed new member of the genus Tospovirus. Phytopathology 85: 58-64.
206. Yeh, S. D., Y. C. Lin, Y. H. Cheng, C. L. Jih, M. J. Chen and C. C. Chen (1992) Identification of tomato spotted wilt-like virus on watermelon in Taiwan. Plant Disease 76: 835-840.
207. Yoshida, T., Y. Iwanaga, T. Kanno and K. Sugiyama (1992) Evaluation method and screening of breeding materials for resistance to Thrips palmi on melon. J. Japan Soc. Hort. Sci. 61 (Suppl. 2): 246-247.
208. Yoshihara, T. (1991) Effect of entomogenous nematode, Steinernema feltiae (DD-136) on several species of vegetable pests and related factors. Bull. Natl. Res. Inst. Veg. Ornam. Plants & Tea A4: 15-29.
209. Yoshihara, T. and A. Kawai (1982) Parthenogenesis in Thrips palmi Karny. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 28: 130-131.
210. Yoshihara, T. and A. Kawai (1985) Simple evaluation method for the susceptibility of Thrips palmi to granular formulation of oxamyl. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 31: 166-168.
211. Yoshihara, T., A. Kawai, T. Masuda and S. Endo (1984) Evaluation method for susceptibility of Thrips palmi to several insecticides. Proc. Assoc. Pl. Prot. Kyushu 30: 132-135.