Race-Based Affirmative Action in American Legal Education

Journal of Legal Education

Volumn 51, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 443-447

  Wing, Adrien Katherine ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 0035563477     PISSN: 00222208     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Ruth Bader Ginsburg & Deborah Jones Merritt, Affirmative Action: An International Human Rights Dialogue, 1 Rutgers Race & L. Rev. 193, 211-12 (1999).
2. Exec. Order No. 10925, 26 Fed. Reg. 1977 (March 8, 1961).
3. See, e.g., Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena, 515 U.S. 200 (1995); City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co., 488 U.S. 469 (1989).
4. United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 1995, at 22 (New York).
5. 438 U.S. 265 (1978).
6. An earlier suit involving a state law school's affirmative action plan was dismissed as moot in De Funis v. Odegaard, 416 U.S. 312 (1974). The plaintiff had almost graduated from school by the time the case was heard.
7. 78 F.3d 932 (5th Cir. 1996), cert. denied, 518 U.S. 1033 (1996).
8. For example, in 1994 the national average SAT scores by race and gender were: white men, 964; white women, 916; black men, 747; black women, 735; Mexican-American men, 823; Mexican-American women, 778. Fair Test/National Center for Fair and Open Testing, Gender Bias in College Admissions Tests (undated).
9. Both the number and the percentage of black and Latino students attending segregated elementary and secondary schools is rising sharply. Gary Orfield et al., Deepening Segregation in American Public Schools: A Special Report of the Harvard Project on School Desegregation (Cambridge, Mass., 1997).
10. Grutter v. Bollinger, 16 F. Supp. 2d 797 (E.D. Mich. 1997).
11. Smith v. University of Washington Law School, 2 F. Supp. 2d 1324 (W.D. Wash. 1998).
12. Weissman v. Gittens, 160 F.3d 790 (1st Cir. 1998).
13. John Morris, Boalt Hall's Affirmative Action Dilemma, Am. Law., Nov. 1997, at 4, 7.
14. United States v. Board of Educ., 832 F. Supp. 836 (D.N.J. 1993), aff'd en banc sub nom. Taxman v. Board of Educ., 91 F.3d 1547 (3d Cir. 1996), cert. granted, 521 U.S. 1117, cert. dismissed, 522 U.S. 1010 (1997).