Assimilation and contrast effects in voter projections of party locations: Evidence from Norway, France, and the USA

European Journal of Political Research

Volumn 40, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 199-221

  Merrill III, Samuel ^a   Grofman, Bernard ^b   Adams, James ^c  

^a WILKES UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035540824     PISSN: 03044130     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1012975221087     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Aardal, B. (1990). The Norwegian parliamentary election of 1989, Electoral Studies 9: 151-158.
2. Alvarez, M. (1997). Information and elections. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
3. Budge, I. (1994). A new theory of party competition: Uncertainty, ideology, and policy equilibria viewed comparatively and temporally, British Journal of Political Science 24; 443-467.
4. Campbell, A., Converse, P., Miller, W. & Stokes, D. (1960). The American voter. New York: Wiley.
5. Conover, P. & Feldman, S. (1986). The role of inference in the perception of political candidates, in R. Lau & D. Sears (eds.), Political cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
6. Downs, A. (1957). An economic theory of democracy. New York: Harper & Row.
7. Fiorina, M. (1981). Retrospective voting in American national elections. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
8. Gerber, A. & Green, D. (1999). Misperceptions about perceptual bias, Annual Review of Political Science 2: 189-210.
9. Granberg, D. (1983). Preference, expectations, and placement judgments: Some evidence from Sweden, Social Psychology Quarterly 46: 363-368.
10. Granberg, D. (1987). A contextual effect in political perception and self-placement on an ideology scale: Comparative analyses of Sweden and the USA, Scandinavian Political Studies 10: 39-60.
11. Granberg, D. & Brent, E. (1980). Perceptions and issue positions of presidential candidates, American Scientist 68: 617-685.
12. Granberg, D. & Brown, T. (1992). The perception of ideological distance, Western Political Quarterly 45: 727-750.
13. Granberg, D., Harris, W. & King, M. (1981). Assimilation but little contrast in the 1976 US presidential election, The Journal of Psychology 108: 241-247.
14. Granberg, D. & Holmberg, S. (1988). The political system matters: Social psychology and voting behavior in Sweden and the United States. New York: Cambridge University Press.
15. Granberg, D. & Jenks, R. (1977). Assimilation and contrast effects in the 1972 election, Human Relations 30: 623-640.
16. Grofman, B. (1985). The neglected role of the status quo in models of issue voting, Journal of Politics 47: 231-237.
17. Grofman, B. (1987). Models of voting, in S. Long (ed.), Micropolitics Annual (pp. 37-61), Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
18. Hamill, R., Lodge, M. & Blake, F. (1985). The breadth, depth and utility of class, partisan and ideological schemata, American Journal of Political Science 2: 850-870.
19. Hoch, S. (1987). Perceived consensus and predictive accuracy: The pros and cons of projection, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 53: 221-234.
20. Husted, T., Kenny, L. & Morton, R. (1995). Constituent errors in assessing their senators, Public Choice 83: 251-271.
21. Iversen, T. (1994a). Political leadership and representation in West European democracies: A test of three models of voting, American Journal of Political Science 38: 45-74.
22. Iversen, T. (1994b). The logics of electoral politics: Spatial, directional, and mobilizational effects, Comparative Political Studies 27: 155-189.
23. Lacy, D. & Paolino. P. (1998). Downsian voting and the separation of powers, American Journal of Political Science 42: 1180-1199.
24. Lazarsfeld, P., Berelson, B. & Gaudet, H. (1948). The people's choice: How the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign, 2nd edn. New York: Columbia University Press.
25. Listhaug, O., Macdonald, S. & Rabinowitz, G. (1994a). Ideology and party support in comparative perspective, European Journal of Political Research 25: 111-149.
26. Listhaug, O., Macdonald, S. & Rabinowitz, G. (1994b). Issue perceptions of parties and candidates - A comparison of Norway and the United States, Scandinavian Political Studies 17: 273-287.
27. Macdonald, S. & Rabinowitz, G. (1998). Solving the paradox of nonconvergence: Valence, position, and direction in democratic politics, Electoral Studies 17: 281-300.
28. Macdonald, S., Rabinowitz, G. & Listhaug, O. (2000). Owning up to history. Paper presented at the 2000 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC.
29. Markus, G. & Converse, P. (1979). A dynamic simultaneous equation model of electoral choice, American Political Science Review 73: 1055-1070.
30. Merrill, S. & Grofman, B. (1997a). Directional and proximity models of voter utility and choice: A new synthesis and an illustrative test of competing models, Journal of Theoretical Politics 9: 25-48.
31. Merrill, S. & Grofman, B. (1997b). Response to Macdonald and Rabinowitz, Journal of Theoretical Politics 9:57-60.
32. Merrill, S. & Grofman, B. (1999). A unified theory of voting: Directional and proximity spatial models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
33. Page, B. (1976). The theory of political ambiguity, American Political Science Review 70: 742-752.
34. Page, B. & Jones, C. (1979). Reciprocal effects of policy preference, party loyalties, and the vote, American Political Science Review 73: 1071-1089.
35. Parducci, A. & Marshall, L. (1962). Assimilation v. contrast in the anchoring of perceptual judgments of weight, Journal of Experimental Psychology 63: 426-437.
36. Rabinowitz, G. & Macdonald, S. (1989). A directional theory of issue voting, American Political Science Review 83: 93-121.
37. Sartori, G. (1966). European parties: The case of polarized pluralism. In LaPolambara and Neiner (eds.), Political parties and political development (pp. 137-176). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
38. Shepsle, K. (1972). The strategy of ambiguity, American Political Science Review 66: 1039-1058.
39. Sherif, M. & Hovland, C. (1961). Social judgment: Assimilation and contrast effects in communication and attitude change. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
40. Strøm, K. (1985). Party goals and government performance in parliamentary democracies, American Political Science Review 79: 738-754.
41. Urwin, D. (1997). The Norwegian party system from the 1880s to the 1990s, in K. Strøm & L. Svåsand (eds.), Challenges to Political Parties: The Case of Norway (pp. 33-60). Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
42. van der Eijk, C. & Niemöller, B. (1983). Electoral change in the Netherlands. Amsterdam: CT Press.