The effects of pleasure and arousal on recall of advertisements during the Super Bowl

Psychology and Marketing

Volumn 18, Issue 11, 2001, Pages 1135-1153

  Newell, Stephen J ^a   Henderson, Kenneth V ^b   Wu, Bob T ^a  

^a BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MOREHEAD STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035539504     PISSN: 07426046     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/mar.1047     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Axelrod, J. N. (1963). Induced moods and attitudes toward products. Journal of Advertising Research, 3, 19-24.
2. Aylesworth, A. B., & MacKenzie, S. B. (1998). Context is key: The effect of program-induced mood on thoughts about the ad. Journal of Advertising, 27, 17-31.
3. Bartlett, J., Burleson, G., & Santrock, J. (1982). Emotional mood and memory in young children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 34, 19-24.
4. Bello, D. C., Pitts, R. E., & Etzel, M. J. (1983). The communication effects of controversial sexual content in television programs and commercials. Journal of Advertising, 12, 32-42.
5. Bower, G. (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist, 36, 129-148.
6. Broach, V. C., Jr., Page, T. J., & Wilson, R. D. (1995). Television programming and its influence on viewers' perceptions of commercials: The role of program arousal and pleasantness. Journal of Advertising, 24(4), 45-54.
7. Campbell, D. (1969). Prospective: Artifact and control. In R. Rosenthal & R. L. Rosnow (Eds.), Artifact in behavioral research. New York: Academic Press.
8. Clark, M. (1982). Role for arousal in the link between feeling states, judgments, and behavior. In M. Clark & S. Fiske (Eds.), Affect and cognition (pp. 263-289). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
9. Clark, M., & Isen, A. (1982). Toward understanding the relationship between feeling states and social behavior. In A. Hastorf & A. Isen (Eds.), Cognitive social psychology (pp. 73-108). New York: Elsevier/North Holland.
10. Clark, M., Milberg, S., & Ross, J. (1983). Arousal cues arousal-related material in memory: Implications for understanding effects of mood on memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22, 633-649.
11. Cohen, J., & Chakravarti, D. (1990). Consumer psychology. In M. R. Rosenzweig & L. W. Porter (Eds.), Annual review of psychology (Vol. 41, pp. 243-288). Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews.
12. Crane, L. E. (1964). How product, appeal, and program affect attitudes toward commercials. Journal of Advertising Research, 4, 15-18.
13. Easterbrook, J. A. (1959). The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organization of behavior. Psychological Review, 66, 183-221.
14. Ellis, H. C., Thomas, R. L., McFarland, & Lane, J. W. (1985). Emotional mood states and retrieval in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11(2), 363-370.
15. Gardner, M. P. (1985). Mood states and consumer behaviour: A critical review. Journal of Consumer Research, 12, 281-300.
16. Gold, J. A. (1964, August). Testing test market predictions. Journal of Marketing Research, 8-16.
17. Goldberg, M. E., & Gorn, G. J. (1987). Happy and sad TV programs: How they affect reactions to commercials. Journal of Consumer Research, 14, 387-403.
18. Gounaux, C. (1971). Induced affective states and interpersonal attractions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2, 37-43.
19. Holbrook, M. B., & O'Shaughnessy, J. (1984). The role of emotion in advertising. Psychology & Marketing, 1, 45-64.
20. Isen, A. (1984). The influence of positive affect on decision-making and cognitive organization. In T. Kinnear (Ed.), Advances in consumer research (Vol. 11, pp. 534-537). Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research.
21. Izard, C. E. (1977). Human emotions. New York: Plenum Press.
22. Johnson, R. W., & Adair, J. G. (1970). The effects of systematic recording error versus experimenter bias on latency of word association. Journal of Experimental Research in Personality, 270-275.
23. Kamins, M., Marks, L. J., & Skinner, D. (1991). Television commercial evaluation the context of program-induced mood: Congruency versus consistency effects. Journal of Advertising, 20, 1-14.
24. Kennedy, J. R. (1971). How program environment affects TV commercials. Journal of Advertising Research, 11, 33-38.
25. Kerlinger, F. N. (1973). Foundations of behavioral research (p. 398). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
26. Kroeber-Riel, W. (1979). Activation research: Psycho biological approaches in consumer Research. Journal of Consumer Research, 5, 240-250.
27. LaTour, M. S. (1990). Female nudity in print advertising: An analysis of gender differences in arousal and response. Psychology & Marketing, 7, 65-81.
28. Lutz, R. J. (1985). Affective and cognitive antecedents of attitude toward the ad: A conceptual framework. In L. F. Alwitt & A. A. Mitchell (Eds.), Psychological processes and advertising effects: theory, research and application (pp. 45-63). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
29. MacKenzie, S. B., & Lutz, R. J. (1989). An empirical examination of the structural antecedents of attitude toward the ad in an advertising pretesting context. Journal of Marketing, 5, 48-65.
30. Mano, H. (1992). Judgments under distress: Assessing the role of unpleasantness and arousal in judgment formation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 52, 216-245.
31. Mathur, M., & Chattopadhyay, A. (1991). The impact of moods generated by television programs on responses to advertising. Psychology & Marketing, 8, 59-77.
32. Mayer, J. D. (1986). How mood influences cognition. In N. E. Sharkey (Ed.), Advances in cognitive science (pp. 290-314). Chichester: Ellis Horwood.
33. McClung, G., Park, C. W., & Sauer, W. (1985). Viewer processing of commercial messages: Context and involvement. In E. Hirschman & M. Holbrook (Eds.), Advances in consumer research (Vol. 12, pp. 351-355). Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research.
34. Meyers-Levy, J., & Sternthal, B. (1993). A two-factor explanation of assimilation and contrast. Journal of Marketing Research, 30, 359-368.
35. Mizerski, R. W., & White, J. D. (1986). Understanding and using emotions in advertising. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 3, 57-69.
36. Mundorf, N., Zillmann, D., & Drew, D. (1991). Effects of disturbing televised events on the acquisition of information from subsequently presented commercials. Journal of Advertising, 20, 46-53.
37. Nunnally, Jun C. (1978). Psychometric Theory (New York: McGraw-Hill) 2nd Edition.
38. O'Guinn T C., & Faber, R. J. (1991). Mass communication and consumer behavior. In T. S. Robertson & H. H. Kassarjian (Eds.), Handbook of consumer behavior (pp. 349-367). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
39. Park, C. W., & McClung, G. (1986). Effect of TV program involvement on involvement with commercials. In R. J. Lutz (Ed.), Advances in consumer research (pp. 544-548). Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research.
40. Pavelchak, M. A., Antil, J. H., & Munch, J. M. (1988). The Super Bowl: An investigation into the relationship among program context, emotional experience, and ad recall. Journal of Consumer Research, 15, 360-367.
41. Peterson, Robert A. (1994). A meta-analysis of cronbach's coefficient alpha. Journal of Consumer Research. 21, 381-391.
42. Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1981). Attitudes and persuasion: Classic and contemporary approaches. Dubuque, IA: W. C. Brown.
43. Petty R. E., & Schumann, D. (1983). Central and peripheral routes to advertising effectiveness: The moderating role of involvement. Journal of Consumer Research, 10, 135-146.
44. Rubin, A. M., & Perse, E. M. (1987). Audience activity and television news gratification. Communication Research, 14, 58-84.
45. Rubin, A. M., & Rubin, R. B. (1982). Older persons' TV viewing patterns and motivations. Communication Research, 9, 287-313.
46. Sawyer, A. G. (1975, March). Demand artifacts in laboratory experiments in consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 20-30.
47. Schellenberg, J., & Blevins, G. (1973). Feeling good and helping: How quickly does the smile of dame fortune fade? Psychological Reports, 33, 72-74.
48. Schiffenbauer, A. (1974). Effect of observer's emotional state on judgments of the emotional state of others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 31-35.
49. Schwarz, N., & Clore, G. (1983). Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 513-523.
50. Schwerin, H. S. (1958). Do today's programs provide the wrong commercial climate? Television Magazine, 15, 45-47.
51. Scott, R. L., & Goff, D. H. (1988). How excitation from prior programming affects television recall. Journalism Quarterly, 65, 615-620.
52. Soldow, G. F., & Principe, V. (1981). Response to commercials as a function of program context. Journal of Advertising Research, 21, 59-65.
53. Srull, T. K. (1983). Affect and memory: The impact of affective reactions in advertising on the representation of product information in memory. In R. Bagozzi & A. Tybout (Eds.), Advances in consumer research (Vol. 10, pp. 520-525). Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Consumer Research.
54. Tamborini, R. T., Stiff, J., & Heidel, C. (1990). Reacting to graphic horror: A model of empathy and emotional behavior. Communication Research, 17, 616-640.
55. Tavassoli, N. T., Shultz, C. J., & Fitzsimons, G. J. (1995). Program involvement: Are moderate levels best for ad memory and attitude toward the ad? Journal of Advertising Research, 35, 61-74.
56. Vanden, A., & MacLahlan, D. L. (1994). Process tracing of emotional responses to TV ads: Revisiting the warmth monitor. Journal of Consumer Research, 20, 586-600.
57. Venkatesan, M. (1967, May). Laboratory experiments in marketing: The experimenter effect. Journal of Marketing Research, 142-146.
58. Westbrook, R. (1980). Intrapersonal affective influences on consumer satisfaction with products. Journal of Consumer Research, 7, 49-54.
59. Winick, C. (1962). Three measures of advertising value of media. Journal of Advertising Research, 2, 28-33.