The chemzyme membrane reactor in the fine chemicals industry

Organic Process Research and Development

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 241-248

  Wöltinger, Jens ^a,b   Bommarius, Andreas S ^a,b   Drauz, Karlheinz ^a,b   Wandrey, Christian ^a,b  

^a EVONIK INDUSTRIES AG   (Germany)

^b FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035533042     PISSN: 10836160     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/op000111i     Document Type: Article

References (31)

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7. Garber, S. B.; Kingsbury, J. S.; Gray, B. L.; Hoveyda, A. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122 and references therein.
8. (a) Bommarius, A. S.; Drauz, K.; Groeger, U.; Wandrey, C. Membrane Bioreactors for the Produktion of Enantiomerically Pure Amino Acids. In Chirality in Industry; Collins, A. N., Sheldrake, G. N., Crosby, J., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons Ltd: West Sussex/UK, 1992; pp 371-397.
9. (b) Bommarius, A. S.; Drauz, K.; Klenk, H.; Wandrey, C. Operational Stability of Enzymes: Acylase-Catalyzed Resolution of N-Acetyl Amino Acids to Enantiomerically Pure L-Amino-Acids. Enzyme Eng. XI, Ann. N Y. Acad. Sci. 1992, 672, 126-136.
10. The cutoff is defined by a substance with a certain molecular weight, leading to 90% retention.
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27. A very good summary about membranes (properties, manufactures) is given in the European Membrane Guide: Mulder, M.; Tholen, J.; Maaskat, W. European Membrane Guide; Alinea, 1997.
28. Figure 10 shows the conversion and enantiomeric excess for the reduction of tetralone with borane in the presence of a polysiloxane bound oxazaborolidine in detail. Up to this point of 200 residence times 321 turnovers were obtained. The turnover number was calculated with the simplifying assumption that no catalyst leaching occurred. The reaction was started with 100 mol % of catalyst. After 143 residence times the tetralone concentration was doubled. The tetralone concentration was increased again after 168 residence times to an amount of 25 mol % catalyst, again excluding catalyst loss by leaching or by decomposition of the catalyst.
29. (a) Wöltinger, J.; Bommarius, A. S.; Drauz, K.; Wandrey, C. DECHEMAArbeitsausschüsse "Technische Reaktionen", "Katalyse", und GVC-Fachausschuss "Technische Reaktionsführung"; January 19-20, 1999, Frankfurt.
30. (b) Drauz, K. ChiraSource U.S.A.; Philadelphia, PA, November 15-17,1999.
31. It can be calculated that an amount of 1.2 mol % of catalyst is necessary to run the reduction of tetralone with borane in an optimal way in respect to conversion and enantiomeric excess.