Lower genital tract infections among pregnant women: A review

East African Medical Journal

Volumn 78, Issue 11, 2001, Pages 581-585

  Marai, W ^a  

^a JIMMA UNIVERSITY   (Ethiopia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; CHLAMYDIASIS; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; FEMALE; GONORRHEA; HUMAN; MICROBIOLOGY; NEWBORN; NEWBORN DISEASE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; VAGINA DISCHARGE;

ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS; ALGORITHMS; CHLAMYDIA INFECTIONS; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FEMALE; GONORRHEA; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, INFECTIOUS; PREVALENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; VAGINAL DISCHARGE;

EID: 0035527417     PISSN: 0012835X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (35)

1. Wasserheit J.N. The significance and scope of reproductive tract infections among women. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. 1998; (suppl 3): 74:145-167.
2. Berman S.M., Harrison H.R. and Boyce W.T., et al. Low birth weight, prematurity, and postpartum endometritis in adolescents. J. Amer. Med. Ass. 1987; 257:1189.
3. Bernson, Hammiss H.A. and Martens M.G. et al. Bacteriological findings of post-caesarean endometritis in adolescents. Obstet. Gynec. 1990; 75: 627.
4. Fliegner J.R. and Garland S.M. Perinatal mortality in Victoria Australia: Role of group B steptococcus. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 1990; 163:1609-1611.
5. Wilkinson D. Sexually transmitted infections (editorial). Genitourinary Med. 1997; 73:427-428.
6. Grosskurth H., Mosha F. and Todd, et al. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: Randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 1995; 346:530-536.
7. Bourgeios A., Heczel D. and Malonga-Moulet G. et al. Clinical algorithms for the screening of pregnant women for STDs in Libreville, Gabon:which alternative? Sex. Transm. Inf. 1998; 74:35-39.
8. Meda N., Sangare L. and Lankoande S. et al. Pattern of sexually transmitted diseases among pregnant women in Burkina Faso, West Africa: potential for a clinical management based on simple approaches. Genitourin. Med. 1997; 73: 188-193.
9. Thomas T., Choduhri S. and Kariuki, et al. Identifying cervical infections among pregnant women in Nairobi, Kenya: limitations of risk assessment and symptom based approaches. Genitourin. Med. 1996; 72:334-338.
10. Mayaud P., Uledi E. and Cornelissen J, et al. Risk scores to detect cervical infections in urban antenatal clinic attendees in Mwanza, Tanzania. Sex Transm. Inf. 1998; 74(suppll): 139-146.
11. Duncan M.F. and Tibaus G. et al. Prevalence and significance of sexually transmitted disease among Ethiopian women attending antenatal clinic in Addis Ababa. Ethiop. J. Hlth Dev. 1995; 9:31-40.
12. Krieger J.N., Tam M.R. and Steven C. et al. Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis. J. Amer. Med. Ass. 1988; 259:1223.
13. Kaud-Hansen C.R., Dallabetta G.A. and Reichart, et al. Surrogate methods to diagnose gonococcal and chlamydal cervicitis: comparison of leukicye esterase dipstick, endocervical gram stain and culture. Sex Transm. Dis. 1991; 18:211-216.
14. WHO. Management of patients with sexually transmitted disease. WHO Technical Report Series 1991: 810.
15. Mayaud P., Hawkes S. and, Mabey D. Advances in the control of sexually transmitted diseases in developing countries. Lancet. 1998; 351(suppl 3): 29-32.
16. McGregor J.A. and French J.I. Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. Obstet. Gynec. Surv. 2000; 55(suppl): 1-5.
17. McGregor J.A., French J.I. and Richter R, et al. Antenatal microbiologic and maternal risk factors associated with prematurity. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1990; 163:1446-1473.
18. Gibbs R.S., Romero R. and Hillier S.L. et al. A review of premature birth and subclinical infection. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 1992; 166:1515-1528.
19. Rastogi S., Kapur S. and Salhan S., et al. Chlamyda trachomatis infection in pregnancy: risk factor for an adverse outcome. Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 1999; 56:94-98.
20. Centers for Disease Control and prevention: Guidelines for the treatment of STDs. Mortal. Morbid. Wkly. Rep. 1998; 47:1-111.
21. Cotch M.F., Hillier S.L. and Gibbs R.S. et al. Epidemiology and outcomes associated with moderate to heavy candida colonisation during pregnancy. Vaginal infection and prematurity study group. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 1998; 178:374-380.
22. Taylor-Robinson and Furr P.M. Update on sexually transmitted mycoplasmas. Lancet. 1998; 35(suppl3):12-15.
23. McGregor J.A. and French J.I. Chlamyia trachomatis infection during pregnancy. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 1991; 164:1782.
24. Hillier S.L., Nugent R.P. and Escenbach D.A. Association between bacterial baginos and preterm delivery of low birth weight infant. N. Eng. J. Med. 1995; 333:1737-1741.
25. Cunningham F.G., McDonald P.C., Levano K.J., Gant N.F. and Gilstrap L.C. Editors. Puerperal sepsis in: Williams' Obstetrics. 19th ed. USA: Prentice-Hall International Inc: 1993; 627.
26. Moses S., Muia E. and Bradly J.E. et al. Sexual behaviour in Kenya: implications for sexually transmitted disease transmission and control. Soc. Sci. Med. 1994; 39:1649-1656.
27. Garland S.M., Kelly N. and Ugoni A.M. Is antenatal group B streptococcus carriage a predictor of adverse obstetric outcome? Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynec. 1994; 1649-1656.
28. Coth M.F., Pastorek J.G. and Nugnet R.P. et al. Demographic and behavioral predictors of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among pregnant women Obstet. Gynec. 1991; 78:1087-1092.
29. Vuylsteke B., Laga M. and Alary M., et al. Validity of the vaginal discharge algorithms for the screening of women for gonococcal and chlamydial infection: evaluation of pregnant women and prostitutes in Zaire. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1993; 17: 621-630.
30. Fonck K., Kidula N. and Jaokow, et al. Validity of the vaginal discharge algorithm among pregnant and non pregnant women in Nairobi, Kenya. Sex. Trans. Inf. 2000; 76: 33-38.
31. Goldengerg R.L. and Rouse D.J. Medical progress: prevention of premature birth. N. Eng. J. Med. 1998; 339:313-320.
32. McGregor J.A., French J.I. and Parker R. et al. Prevention of premature birth by screening and treatment of common genital tract infections: Results of a prospective controlled evaluation. Amer J. Obstet. Gynec. 1995; 173:157-167.
33. Hauth J.C., Goldberg R.L. and Andrew W.W. et al. Reduced incidence of preterm birth with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis. N. Eng. J. Med. 1995; 333: 1732-1736.
34. Romero R., Mazor M. and Wu Y.K. et al. Infection in the pathogenesis of preterm labour. Semin. Perinatol. 1988; 12: 262.
35. Gomez R., Ghezzi F. and Romero R. et al. Premature labour and intra-amniotic infection. Clinical aspects and role of the cytokines in diagnosis and pathophysiology. Clin. Perinatol. 1995; 22:281.