Qualitative analysis of verbal fluency output: Review and comparison of several scoring methods

Assessment

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 323-336

  Abwender, David A ^a   Swan, Jeffrey G ^a   Bowerman, John T ^b,c   Connolly, Sean W ^b  

^a STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

Author keywords

Clustering; Executive functions; Neuropsychological assessment; Process approach; Switching; Verbal fluency

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; COGNITION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; PSYCHOMETRY; SPEECH;

ADULT; COGNITION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; PSYCHOMETRICS; SPEECH;

EID: 0035463942     PISSN: 10731911     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107319110100800308     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Beatty, W. W., Testa, J. A., English, S., & Winn, P. (1997). Influences of clustering and switching on the verbal fluency performance of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 4, 273-279.
2. Benton, A. L. (1968). Differential behavioral effects in frontal lobe disease. Neuropsychologia, 6, 53-60.
3. Boone, K. B., Ponton, M. O., Gorsuch, R. L., Gonzalez, J. L., & Miller, B. L. (1998). Factor analysis of four measures of prefrontal lobe functioning. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 13, 585-595.
4. Bousfield, W. A., & Sedgewick, C. H. W. (1944). An analysis of restricted associative responses. Journal of General Psychology, 30, 149-165.
5. Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81-105.
6. Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82, 407-428.
7. Comalli, P. E., Jr., Wapner, S., & Werner, H. (1962). Interference effects of Stroop color-word test in childhood, adulthood, and aging. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 100, 47-53.
8. Crowe, S. (1992). Dissociation of two frontal lobe syndromes by a test of verbal fluency. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 14, 327-339.
9. Daigneault, S., Braun, C. M. J., & Whitaker, H. A. (1992). An empirical test of two opposing theoretical models of prefrontal function. Brain and Cognition, 19, 48-71.
10. Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1987). The California Verbal Learning Test. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
11. Epker, M. O., Lacritz, L. H., & Cullum, C. M. (1999). Comparative analysis of qualitative verbal fluency performance in normal elderly and demented populations. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 21, 425-434.
12. Estes, W. K. (1974). Learning theory and intelligence. American Psychologist, 29, 740-749.
13. Goldberg, T. E., Kelsoe, J. R., Weinberger, D. R., Pliskin, N. H., Kirwin, P. D., & Berman, K. F. (1988). Performance of schizophrenic patients on putative neuropsychological tests of frontal lobe function. International Journal of Neuroscience, 42, 51-58.
14. Goodglass, H., & Kaplan, E. (1983). Assessment of aphasia and related disorders (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lea & Fibiger.
15. Gruen, A. K., Frankle, B. C., & Schwartz, R. (1990). Word fluency generation skills of head-injured patients in an acute trauma center. Journal of Communication Disorders, 23, 163-170.
16. Gruenewald, P. J., & Lockhead, G. R. (1980). The free recall of category examples. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6, 225-240.
17. Heaton, R. K., (1981). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
18. Hermann, B. P., Wyler, A. R., Richey, E. T., & Rea, J. M. (1987). Memory function and verbal learning in patients with complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin. Epilepsia, 28, 547-554.
19. Hewett, L. J., Nixon, S. J., Glenn, S. W., & Parsons, O. A. (1991). Verbal fluency deficits in female alcoholics. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47, 716-720.
20. Kaplan, E. (1988). A process approach to neuropsychological assessment. In T. Boll & B. K. Bryant (Eds.), Clinical neuropsychology and brain function (pp. 129-167). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
21. Kertesz, A., Appell, J., & Fisman, M. (1986). The dissolution of language in Alzheimer's disease. Canadian Journal of Neurological Science, 13, 415-418.
22. Kramer, J. H., Delis, D. C., & Daniel, M. (1988). Sex differences in verbal learning. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44, 907-915.
23. Lezak, M. D. (1995). Neuropsychological assessment (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
24. Miceli, G., Caltagirone, C., Gainotti, G., Masullo, C., & Silveri, M. (1981). Neuropsychological correlates of localized cerebral lesions in nonaphasic brain damaged patients. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology, 3, 53-63.
25. Newcombe, F. (1969). Missile wounds of the brain. New York: Oxford University Press.
26. Parks, R. W., Loewenstein, D. A., Dodrill, K. L., Barker, W. W., Yoshii, F., Chang, J. Y., Emran, A., Apicella, A., Sheramata, W. A., & Duara, R. (1988). Cerebral metabolic effects of a verbal fluency test: A PET scan study. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 10, 565-575.
27. Raskin, S. A., & Rearick, E. (1996). Verbal fluency in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychology, 10, 416-422.
28. Raskin, S. A., Sliwinski, M., & Borod, J. C. (1992). Clustering strategies on tasks of verbal fluency in Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychologia, 30, 95-99.
29. Rich, J. B., Troyer, A. K., Bylsma, F. W., & Brandt, J. (1999). Longitudinal analysis of phonemic clustering and switching during word-list generation in Huntington's disease. Neuropsychology, 13, 525-531.
30. Robert, P. H., Migneco, V., Marmod, D., Chaix, I., Thauby, S., Benoit, M., Beau, C. H., & Darcourt, G. (1997). Verbal fluency in schizophrenia: The role of semantic clustering in category instance generation. European Psychiatry, 12, 124-129.
31. Ruff, R. M. (1996). Ruff Figural Fluency Test. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
32. Ruff, R. M., Light, R. H., Parker, S. B., & Levin, H. S. (1997). The psychological construct of word fluency. Brain and Language, 57, 394-405.
33. Spreen, O., & Strauss, E. (1991). A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms, and commentary. New York: Oxford University Press.
34. Swirsky-Sacchetti, T., Mitchell, D. R., Seward, J., Gonzales, C., Lublin, F., Knobler, R., & Field, H. L. (1992). Neuropsychological and structural brain lesions in multiple sclerosis: A regional analysis. Neurology, 42, 1291-1295.
35. Tröster, A. I., Fields, J. A., Testa, J. A., Paul, R. H., Blanco, C. R., Hames, K. A., Salmon, D. P., & Beatty, W. W. (1998). Cortical and subcortical influences on clustering and switching in the performance of verbal fluency tasks. Neuropsychologia, 36, 295-304.
36. Troyer, A. K. (2000). Normative data for clustering and switching on verbal fluency tasks. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 22, 370-378.
37. Troyer, A. K., Moscovitch, M., & Winocur, G. (1997). Clustering and switching as two components of verbal fluency: Evidence from younger and older healthy adults. Neuropsychology, 11, 138-146.
38. Troyer, A. K., Moscovitch, M., Winocur, G., Alexander, M. P., & Stuss, D. (1998). Clustering and switching on verbal fluency: The effects of focal frontal- and temporal-lobe lesions. Neuropsychologia, 36, 499-504.
39. Troyer, A. K., Moscovitch, M., Winocur, G., Leach, L., & Freedman, M. (1998). Clustering and switching on verbal fluency tests in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 4, 137-143.
40. Vik, P., & Ruff, R. M. (1988). Children's figurai fluency performance: Development of strategy use. Developmental Neuropsychology, 4, 63-74.
41. Wechsler, D. (1981). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. New York: The Psychological Corporation.
42. Wixted, J. T., &Rohrer, D. (1994). Analyzing the dynamics of free recall: An integrative review of the empirical literature. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 1, 89-106.