Site of nutrient digestion by dairy cows fed corn of different particle sizes or steam-rolled

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 84, Issue 6, 2001, Pages 1458-1467

  Callison, S L ^a,b   Firkins, J L ^a   Eastridge, M L ^a   Hull, B L ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Corn processing; Fiber digestion; Rumen; Starch digestion

Indexed keywords

DETERGENT;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CARBOHYDRATE DIET; CATHETERIZATION; CATTLE; DIETARY FIBER; DIGESTION; DUODENUM; FEMALE; ILEUM; LACTATION; MAIZE; METABOLISM; PARTICLE SIZE; PHYSIOLOGY; RUMINANT STOMACH; SILAGE;

ANIMALS; CATHETERIZATION; CATTLE; DETERGENTS; DIETARY CARBOHYDRATES; DIETARY FIBER; DIGESTION; DUODENUM; FEMALE; ILEUM; LACTATION; PARTICLE SIZE; RUMEN; SILAGE; ZEA MAYS;

EID: 0035378313     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)70179-8     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. AOAC, Arlington, VA.
2. Berndtson W. E. 1991. A simple, rapid and reliable method for selecting or assessing the number of replicates for animal experiments. J. Anim. Sci. 69:67-76.
3. Blakeney, A. B., P. J. Harris, R. J. Henry, and B. A. Stone. 1983. A simple and rapid preparation of alditol acetates for monosaccharide analysis. Carbohydr. Res. 113:291-299.
4. Casper, D. P., H. A. Maiga, M. J. Brouk, and D. J. Schingoethe. 1999. Synchronization of carbohydrate and protein sources on fermentation and passage rates in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1779-1790.
5. Casper, D. P., D. J. Schingoethe, and W. A. Eisenbeisz. 1990. Response of early lactating cows to diets that vary in ruminal degradability of carbohydrates and fat. J. Dairy Sci. 73:425-444.
6. Chaney, A. L., and E. P. Marbach. 1962. Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clin. Chem. 8:130-132.
7. Crocker, L. M., E. J. DePeters, J. G. Fadel, H. Perez-Monti, S. J. Taylor, J. A. Wyckoff, and R. A. Zinn. 1998. Influence of processed corn grain in diets of dairy cows on digestion of nutrients and milk composition. J. Dairy Sci. 81:2394-2407.
8. Firkins, J. L. 1996. Maximizing microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. J. Nutr. 126:1347S-1354S.
9. Firkins, J. L. 1997. Effects of feeding nonforage fiber sources on site of fiber digestion. J. Dairy Sci. 80:1426-1437.
10. Firkins, J. L., L. L. Berger, N. R. Merchen, and J.G.C. Fahey. 1986. Effects of forage particle size, level of feed intake and supplemental protein degradability on microbial protein synthesis and site of nutrient digestion in steers. J. Anim. Sci. 62:1081-1094.
11. Firkins, J. L., M. L. Eastridge, N. R. St-Pierre, and S. M. Noftsger. 2001. Effects of grain variability and processing on starch utilization by lactating dairy cattle. J. Anim. Sci. (In press).
12. Firkins, J. L., W. P. Weiss, M. L. Eastridge, and B. L. Hull. 1990. Effects of feeding fungal culture extract and animal-vegetable fat on degradation of hemicellulose and on bacterial growth in heifers. J. Dairy Sci. 73:1812-1822.
13. Goering, H. K., and P. J. Van Soest. 1970. Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Pages 1-20 in Agric. Handbook No. 379. ARS-USDA, Washington, DC.
14. Hoover, W. H. 1986. Chemical factors involved in ruminal fiber digestion. J. Dairy Sci. 69:2755-2766.
15. Knowlton, K. F., M. S. Allen, and P. S. Erickson. 1996a. Lasalocid and particle size of corn grain for dairy cows in early lactation. 1. Effect on performance, serum metabolites, and nutrient digestibility. J. Dairy Sci. 79:557-564.
16. Knowlton, K. F., M. S. Allen, and P. S. Erickson. 1996b. Lasalocid and particle size of corn grain for dairy cows in early lactation. 2. Effect on ruminal measurements and feeding behavior. J. Dairy Sci. 79:565-574.
17. Knowlton, K. F., B. P. Glenn, and R. A. Erdman. 1998. Performance, ruminal fermentation, and site of starch digestion in early lactation cows fed corn grain harvested and processed differently. J. Dairy Sci. 81:1972-1984.
18. Kotarski, S. F., R. D. Waniska, and K. K. Thurn. 1992. Starch hydrolysis by the ruminal microflora. J. Nutr. 122:178-190.
19. Littell, R. C., P. R. Henry, and C. B. Ammerman. 1998. Statistical analysis of repeated measures data using SAS procedures. J. Anim. Sci. 76:1216-1231.
20. Mills, J.A.N., J. France, and J. Dijkstra. 1999a. A review of starch digestion in the lactating dairy cow and proposals for a mechanistic model: 1. Dietary starch characterisation and ruminal starch digestion. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 8:291-339.
21. Mills, J.A.N., J. France, and J. Dijkstra. 1999b. A review of starch digestion in the lactating dairy cow and proposals for a mechanistic model: 2. Postruminal starch digestion and small intestinal glucose absorption. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 8:451-481.
22. Mitzner, K. C., F. G. Owen, and R. J. Grant. 1994. Comparison of sorghum and corn grains in early and midlactation diets for dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77:1044-1051.
23. Murphy, M. R., and J. S. Zhu. 1997. A comparison of methods to analyze particle size as applied to alfalfa haylage, corn silage, and concentrate mix. J. Dairy Sci. 80:2932-2938.
24. National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC. 6th rev.ed.
25. Oliveira, J. S., J. T. Huber, J. M. Simas, C. B. Theurer, and R. S. Swingle. 1995. Effect of sorghum grain processing on site and extent of digestion of starch in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 78:1318-1327.
26. Owens, F. N., D. S. Secrist, W. J. Hill, and D. R. Gill. 1997. The effect of grain source and grain processing on performance of feedlot cattle: A review. J. Anim. Sci. 75:868-879.
27. Piwonka, E. J., and J. L. Firkins. 1996. Effect of glucose fermentation on fiber digestion by ruminal microorganisms in vitro. J. Dairy Sci. 79:2196-2206.
28. Plascencia, A., and R. A. Zinn. 1996. Influence of flake density on the feeding value of steam-processed corn in diets for lactating cows. J. Anim. Sci. 74:310-316.
29. Pritchard, R. H., and D. A. Stateler. 1997. Grain processing: Effects on mixing, prehension, and other characteristics of feeds. J. Anim. Sci. 75:880-884.
30. Reynolds, C. K., J. D. Sutton, and D. E. Beever. 1997. Effects of feeding starch to dairy cattle on nutrient availability and production. Pages 105-134 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. P. C. Garnsworthy and J. Wiseman, eds. Nottingham Univ. Press, Nottingham, UK.
31. Russell, J. B. 1998. Strategies that ruminal bacteria use to handle excess carbohydrate. J. Anim. Sci. 76:1955-1963.
32. Sarwar, M., J. L. Firkins, and M. L. Eastridge. 1992. Effects of varying forage and concentrate carbohydrates on nutrient digestibilities and milk production by dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 75:1533-1542.
33. SAS Institute Inc. 1999. What's New in SAS Software for Version 7 and the Version 8 Developer's Release. SAS Inst., Cary, NC.
34. Steele, R.G.D., and J. H. Torrie. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY.
35. Sukhija, P. S., and D. L. Palmquist. 1988. Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces. J. Agric. Food Chem. 36:1202-1206.
36. Theurer, C. B., J. T. Huber, A. Delgado-Elorduy, and R. Wanderley. 1999. Invited review: Summary of steam-flaking corn or sorghum grain for lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1950-1959.
37. Tyrrell, H. F., and J. T. Reid. 1965. Prediction of the energy value of cow's milk. J. Dairy Sci. 48:1215-1223.
38. Ushida, K., B. Lassalas, and J. P. Jouany. 1985. Determination of assay parameters for RNA analysis in bacterial and duodenal samples by spectrophotometry. Influence of sample treatment and preservation. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 25:1037-1046.
39. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597.
40. Weiss, W. P., H. R. Conrad, and N. R. St.Pierre. 1992. A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 39:95-110.
41. Williams, C. H., D. J. David, and O. Iismaa. 1962. The determination of chromic oxide in feces samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. J. Agric. Sci. 59:381-385.
42. Yu, P., J. T. Huber, F.A.P. Santos, J. M. Simas, and C. B. Theurer. 1998. Effects of ground, steam-flaked, and steam-rolled corn grains on performance of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:777-783.
43. Zinn, R. A., and F. N. Owens. 1986. A rapid procedure for purine measurement and its use for estimating net ruminal protein synthesis. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 66:157-166.