Elementary-and middle-school teachers' reasoning about intervening in school violence: An examination of violence-prone school subcontexts

Journal of Moral Education

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 130-153

  Behre, William J ^a   Astor, Ron Avi ^b   Meyer, Heather Ann ^b  

^a The College of New Jersey   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035377185     PISSN: 03057240     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. ALEXANDER, R. & CURTIS, C.M. (1995) A critical review of strategies to reduce school violence, Social Work in Education, 17, pp. 73-82.
2. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN (1993) Hostile hallways the AAUW survey on sexual harassment in America's schools, Research Report 923012 (Washington, DC, Harris/Scholastic Research).
3. ARNETTE, J. & WALSLEBEN, M. (1998) Combating Fear and Restoring Safety in Schools (NCJ-167888) (Washington, DC, Office Of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention).
4. ASTOR, R.A. (1994) Children's moral reasoning about family and peer violence: the role of provocation and retribution, Child Development, 65, pp. 1054-1067.
5. ASTOR, R. (1998) Moral reasoning about school violence: informational assumptions about harm within school sub-contexts, Educational Psychologist, 33, pp. 207-221.
6. ASTOR, R.A. & BEHRE, W.J. (1997) Violent and nonviolent children's and parent's reasoning about family and peer violence, Behavioral Disorders, 22, pp. 4, 231-245.
7. ASTOR, R.A., BEHRE, W.J., WALLACE, J. & FRAVIL, K. (1998) School social workers and school violence: personal safety, training and violence programs, Social Work, 43, pp. 223-232.
8. ASTOR, R.A., MEYER, H.A. & BEHRE, W.J. (1999) Unowned places and times: maps and interviews about violence in high schools, American Educational Research Journal, 36, pp. 3-42.
9. BENNETT, W.J. (1994a) What really ails America, Reader's Digest, 144, 197-198.
10. BENNETT, W.J. (1994b) America at risk: can we survive without moral values? USA Today, 123, pp. 14-16.
11. BLAKENEY, C.D. & BLAKENEY, R.A. (1991) Understanding and reforming moral misbehavior among behaviorally disordered adolescents, Behavioral Disoraers, 16, pp. 120-126.
12. CARNEGIE COUNCIL ON ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT (1993) A Matter of Time: risk and opportunity in non-school hours, (New York, Author).
13. CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL (1996) Youth risk behavior surveillance - United States, 1995, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 45, pp. 32-40.
14. CHANDLER, K.A., CHAPMAN, C.D., RAND, M.R. & TAYLOR, B.M. (1998) Students' Reports of School Crime: 1989 and 1995, NCES 98-241/NCJ-169607 (Washington, DC, US Department of Education and Justice).
15. CISNERNOS, H.G. (1995) Defensible Space: deterring crime and building community, HUD-1512-PDR (Washington, DC, US Department of Housing and Urban Development).
16. DAY, K. (1994) Conceptualizing women's fear of sexual assault on campus: a review of causes and recommendations for change, Environment and Behavior, 26, pp. 742-76.
17. ELAM, S.M. & ROSE, L.C. (1995) The 27th annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll of the public's attitudes toward the public schools, Phi Delta Kappan, 77, pp. 41-56.
18. FENSTERMACHER, G.D. (1992) The concepts of method and manner in teaching, in: F.K. OSER, A. DICK & J.L. PATRY (Eds) Effective and Responsible Teaching, pp. 95-108 (San Francisco, Jossey-Bass Publishers).
19. GARDNER, C.B. (1990) Safe conduct: women, crime and self in public places, Social Problems, 37, pp. 311-328.
20. GILLIGAN, C. (1977) In a different voice: women's conceptions of self and morality, Harvard Educational Review, 47, pp. 481-517.
21. GILLIGAN, C. (1982) In a Different Voice: psychological theory and women's development (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press).
22. GOLDSTEIN, A. (1988) The Prepare Curriculum: teaching prosocial competencies (Champaign, IL, Research Press).
23. GOLDSTEIN, A. (1994) The Ecology of Aggression (New York, Plenum Press).
24. GOLDSTEIN, A.P. & HUFF, C.R. (1993) The Gang Intervention Handbook (Champaign, IL, Research Press).
25. GOTTFREDSON, D. (1997) School based crime prevention, in: L. SHERMAN, D. GOTTFREDSON, D. MACKENZIE, J. ECK, P. REUTER & S. BUSHWAY (Eds) Preventing Crime: what works, what doesn't, what's promising: a report to the United States Congress (Washington, DC, Department of Justice).
26. GUERRA, N.G., NUCCI, L. & HUESMANN, R.L. (1994) Moral cognition and childhood aggression, in: L.R. HUESMANN (Ed) Aggressive Behavior: current perspectives pp. 13-33 (New York, Plenum).
27. GUERRA, N. & TOLAN, P. (1994) What Works in Reducing Adolescent Violence: an empirical review of the field, Rep. No. F-888 (Boulder, University of Colorado, Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence).
28. HAMMOND, W.R. & YUNG, B. (1994) Psychology's role in the public health response to assaultive violence among young African-American men, American Psychologist, 48, pp. 142-154.
29. HAUSMAN, J., SPIVAK, H. & PROTHROW-STITH, D. (1994) Adolescents' knowledge and attitudes about and experience with violence, Journal of Adolescent Health, 15, pp. 400-406.
30. HEAVISIDE, S, ROWAND, C. WILLIAMS, C., FARRIS, E., BURNS, S. & MCARTHUR, E. (1998) Violence and Discipline Problems in U.S. Public Schools: 1996-1997, NCES 98-030 (Washington, DC, United States Department of Education).
31. HUDLEY, C., BRITSCH, B., WAKEFIELD, T., DEMORAT, M. & CHO, S. (1998) An attribution retraining program to reduce aggression in elementary school students, Psychology in the Schools, 35, pp. 271-282.
32. KOHLBERG, L. (1963) The development of children's orientation towards moral order, Vita Humana, 6, pp. 11-33.
33. KAUFMAN, P., CHEN, X., CHOY, S. et al. (1998) Indicators of School Crime and Safety, 1998, NCES 98-251/NCJ-172215 (Washington, DC, US Departments of Education and Justice).
34. LARSON, J. (1994) Violence prevention in the schools: a review of selected programs and procedures, School Psychology Review, 23, pp. 151-164.
35. LOCKWOOD, D. (1997) Violence Among Middle School and High School Students: an analysis of implications for prevention (Washington DC, US. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute for Justice).
36. MARASCUILO, L.A. & SERLIN, R.C. (1988) Statistical Methods for the Social and Behavioral Sciences (New York, W.H. Freeman and Company).
37. NASAR, J. & JONES, K. (1997) Landscapes of fear and stress, Environment and Behavior, 29, pp. 291-323.
38. NATIONAL EDUCATION GOALS PANEL (1995) The National Education Goals Report: Vol. I. National data; Vol. II: State data (Washington DC, US. Government Printing Office).
39. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND US. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION AND WELFARE (1978) Violent Schools - Safe Schools: the safe school study report to Congress, No. 1 (Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office).
40. NEWMAN, O. (1973) Architectural Design for Crime Prevention (Washington, DC, US Department of Justice).
41. NEWMAN, O. (1995) Defensible space: a new physical planning tool for urban revitalization, Journal of the American Planning Association, 61, pp. 149-155.
42. NEWMAN, O. & FRANCK, K.A. (1982) The effect of building size on personal crime and fear of crime, Population and Environment, 5, pp. 203-220.
43. NODDINGS, N. (1992) The Challenge to Care in Schools (New York, Teacher's College Press).
44. NODDINGS, N. (1995) Teaching themes of care, Phi Delta Kappan, 76, pp. 675-679.
45. NUCCI, L. (1981) The development of personal concepts: a domain distinction from moral or social concepts, Child Development, 52, pp. 114-121.
46. NUCCI, L.P. & NUCCI, M.S. (1982) Children's social interactions in the context of moral and conventional transgressions, Child Development, 53, pp. 403-412.
47. PERKINS, D.D., MEEKS, J.W. & TAYLOR, R.B. (1992) The physical environment of street block and resident perceptions of crime and disorder: implications for theory and measurement, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 12, pp. 21-34.
48. PERKINS, D.D., WANDERSMAN, A., RICH, R.C. & TAYLOR, R.B. (1993) The physical environment of street crime: defensible space, territoriality and incivilities, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13, pp. 29-49.
49. ROSE, L., GALLUP, A. & ELAM, S. (1997) The 29th annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll of the public's attitudes toward the public schools, Phi Delta Kappan, 79, pp. 41-56.
50. ROSSI, R. & DAUGHERTY, S. (1996) How Safe Are The Public Schools: what do teachers say? NCES 96-842 (Washington, DC, US Department of Education).
51. SMETANA, J.G. (1981a) Preschool children's perceptions of moral and social rules, Child Development, 52, pp. 1333-1336.
52. SMETANA, J.G. (1981b) Reasoning in the moral and personal domains: adolescent and young women's reasoning about abortion, Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 3, pp. 211-226.
53. STAUB, E. (1996) Cultural-societal roots of violence: the examples of genocidal violence and of contemporary youth violence in the United States, American Psychologist, 51, pp. 117-132.
54. STEIN, N. (1995) Sexual harassment in school the public performance of gendered violence, Harvard Educational Review, 65, pp. 145-162.
55. STOKOLS, D. (1995) The paradox of environmental psychology, American Psychologist, 50, pp. 821-837.
56. STRIKE, K.A. & SOLTIS, J.F. (1985) The Ethics of Teaching (New York, Teachers College Press).
57. SUTTON, S. (1996) Weaving a Tapestry of Resistance: the places, power and poetry of a sustainable society (Westport, Bergen Garvey).
58. SWARTHOUT, D.W. (1988) Enhancing the moral development of behaviorally/emotionally handicapped students, Behavioral Disorders, 14, pp. 57-68.
59. TISAK, M.S. (1996) Societal role evaluations: adolescent felons' and misdemeanants' reasoning about moral, conventional and personal rules, Aggressive Behavior, 22, pp. 195-207.
60. TISAK, M.S., LEWIS, T. & JANKOWSKI, A.M. (1996) Expectations and prescriptions for responding to peer aggression: the adolescent offender's perspective, paper presented at the annual meeting of The Society for Research on Adolescence, Boston, MA.
61. TISAK, M.S. & TURIEL, E. (1984) Children's conceptions of moral and prudential rules, Child Development, 55, pp. 1030-1039.
62. TISAK, M.S. & TURIEL, E. (1988) Variation in seriousness of transgressions and children's moral and conventional concepts, Developmental Psychology, 24, pp. 352-357.
63. TURIEL, E. (1983) The Development of Social Knowledge: morality and convention (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).
64. TURIEL, E. (1987) Potential relationships between the development of social reasoning and childhood aggression, in: D.H. CROWELL, I.M. EVENS & C.R. O'DONNELL (Eds) Childhood Aggression and Violence: sources influence, prevention and control (New York; Plenum Press).
65. TURIEL, E. (1989) Domain-specific social judgments and domain ambiguities, Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 35, pp. 89-114.
66. TURIEL, E. (1998) The development of morality, in: W. DAMON (Ed.) Handbook of Child Psychology, Vol. 3, N. EISENBERG (Ed.) Emotional and Personality Development (New York, Wiley).
67. TURIEL, E. (1998) The development of morality, in: W. DAMON (Ed.) Handbook of Child Psychology, Vol. 3, N. EISENBERG (Ed.) Emotional and Personality Development (New York, Wiley).
68. TURIEL, E., HILDEBRANDT, C. & WAINRYB, C. (1991) Judging social issues: difficulties, inconsistencies and consistencies, Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 56, pp. 1-116.
69. WAINRYB, C. (1991) Understanding differences in moral judgments: the role of informational assumptions, Child Development, 62, pp. 840-851.
70. WAINRYB, C. (1993) The application of moral judgment to other cultures: relativism and universality, Child Development, 64, pp. 924-933.
71. WAINRYB, C. & TURIEL, E. (1993) Conceptual and informational features in moral decision making, Educational Psychologist, 28, pp. 205-218.
72. WARD, J.B. (1995) Cultivating a morality of care in African American adolescents: a culture based model of violence prevention, Harvard Educational Review, 65, pp. 175-188.