Initial pH as a determinant of cellulose digestion rate by mixed ruminai microorganisms in vitro

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 84, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 848-859

  Mourino F ^a,c   Akkarawongsa, R ^d   Weimer, P J ^b  

^a PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA ARGENTINA   (Argentina)

^b U S DAIRY FORAGE RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^d NONE

Author keywords

Cellulose; Digestion kinetics; Hesion; Microbial ad; Ruminal pH

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

CELLULOSE;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM; BACTERIUM ADHERENCE; CATTLE; DIGESTION; FEMALE; FERMENTATION; IN VITRO STUDY; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; PH; RUMINANT STOMACH;

ANIMALS; BACTERIA; BACTERIAL ADHESION; CATTLE; CELLULOSE; DIGESTION; FEMALE; FERMENTATION; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; RUMEN;

EID: 0035321674     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74543-2     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Allen, M. S. 1997. Relationship between fermentation acid production in the rumen and the requirement for physically effective fiber. J. Dairy Sci. 80:1447-1462.
2. Argyle, J. L., and R. L. Baldwin. 1988. Modeling of rumen water kinetics and effects of rumen pH changes. J. Dairy Sci. 71:1178-1188.
3. Beveridge, R. J., and G. N. Richards. 1975. Investigation of the digestion of cell-wall components of spear grass and cotton cellulose by viscometry and by x-ray diffraction. Carbohydr. Res. 43:163-172.
4. Costerton, J. W., K. J. Cheng, G. G. Geesey, T. I. Ladd, J. C. Nickel, M. Dasgupta, and T. J. Marrie. 1987. Bacterial biofilms in nature and disease. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 41:435-464.
5. Dado, R. G., and M. S. Allen. 1993. Continuous computer acquisition of feed and water intakes, chewing, reticular motility, and ruminal pH of cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1589-1600.
6. Dado, R. G., and M. S. Allen. 1995. Intake limitations, feeding behavior, and rumen function of cows challenged with rumen fill from dietary fiber or inert bulk. J. Dairy Sci. 78:118-133.
7. Elimam, M. E., and E. R. Ørskov. 1985. Factors affecting the fractional outflow of protein supplements from the rumen: 3. Effects of frequency of feeding, intake of water induced by the addition of sodium chloride and the particle size of protein supplements. Anim. Prod. 40:309-314.
8. Gibson, J. P. 1984. The effects of frequency of feeding on milk production of dairy cattle: an analysis of published results. Anim. Prod. 38:181-190.
9. Goering, H. K., and P. J. Van Soest. 1970. Forage Fiber Analyses (Apparatus, Reagents, Procedures, and Some Applications). Agricultural Handbook No 379. ARS-USDA, Washington, DC.
10. Grant, R. J. 1994. Influence of corn and sorghum starch on the in vitro kinetics of forage fiber digestion. J. Dairy Sci. 77:1563-1569.
11. Grant, R. J., and D. R. Mertens. 1992. Influence of buffer pH and raw corn starch addition on in vitro fiber digestion kinetics. J. Dairy Sci. 75:2762-2768.
12. Grant, R. J., and S. J. Weidner. 1992. Digestion kinetics of fiber: influence of in vitro buffer pH varied within observed physiological range. J. Dairy Sci. 75:1060-1068.
13. Hoover, W. H. 1986. Chemical factors involved in ruminal fiber digestion. J. Dairy Sci. 69:2755-2766.
14. Johnson, V. W., and J. D. Sutton. 1968. The continuous recording of the pH in the bovine rumen. Br. J. Nutr. 22:303-240.
15. Klusmeyer, T. H., M. R. Cameron, G. C. McCoy, and J. H. Clark. 1990. Effects of feed processing and frequency of feeding on ruminal fermentation, milk production, and milk composition. J. Dairy Sci. 73:3538-3543.
16. Mackie, R. I., and F.M.C. Gilchrist. 1979. Changes in lactate-producing and lactate-utilizing bacteria in relation to pH in the rumen of sheep during stepwise adaptation to a high-concentrate diet. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 38:422-430.
17. Maglione, G., J. B. Russell, and D. B. Wilson. 1997. Kinetics of cellulose digestion by Fibrobacter succinogenes S85. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:665-669.
18. McDougall, E. I. 1948. Studies on ruminant saliva. I. The composition and output of sheep's saliva. Biochem. J. 43:99-109.
19. Mertens, D. R, and P. J. Weimer. 1998. Method for measuring gas production kinetics. Pages 209-211in British Society of Animal Sciences Occasional Publ. No. 22, Edinburgh, U.K.
20. Morris, E. J. 1988. Characteristics of the adhesion of Ruminococcus albus to cellulose. FEMS Microbial. Lett. 4:113-115.
21. Mould, F. L., and E. R. Ørskov. 1983/1984. Manipulation of rumen fluid pH and its influence on cellulolysis in sacco, dry matter degradation and the rumen microflora of sheep offered either hay or concentrate. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 10:1-14.
22. Mould, F. L., E. R. Ørskov, and S. O. Mann. 1983/1984. Associative effects of mixed feeds: I. Effects of type and level of supplementation and the influence of rumen fluid pH on cellulolysis in vivo and dry matter digestion of various roughages. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 10:15-30.
23. Nocek, J. E., and D. G. Braund. 1985. Effect of feeding frequency on diurnal dry matter and water consumption, liquid dilution rate, and milk yield in first lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 68:2238-2247.
24. Pell, A. N., and P. Schofield. 1993a. Microbial adhesion and degradation of plant cell walls. Pages 397-423in Forage Cell Wall Structure and Digestibility. H. G. Jung, D. R. Buxton, R. D. Hatfield, and J. Ralph. Am. Soc. Agronomy/Crop Sci. Soc. Am./Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI.
25. Pell, A. N., and P. Schofield. 1993b. Computerized monitoring of gas production to measure forage digestion in vitro. J. Dairy Sci. 79:1063-1073.
26. Pitt, R. E., J. S. Van Kessel, D. G. Fox, A. N. Pell, M. C. Barry, and P. J. Van Soest. 1996. Prediction of ruminal volatile fatty acids and pH within the Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. J. Anim. Sci. 74:226-244.
27. Robinson P. H., S. Tamminga, and A. M. Van Vuuren. 1986. Influence of declining level of feed intake and varying the proportion of starch in the concentrate on rumen fermentation in dairy cows. Livestock Prod. Sci. 15:173-189.
28. Russell, J. B. 1985. Fermentation of cellodextrins by cellulolytic and noncellulolytic rumen bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 49:572-576.
29. Russell, J. B. 1998. The importance of pH in the regulation of ruminal acetate to propionate ratio and methane production in vitro J. Dairy Sci. 81:3222-3230.
30. Russell, J. B., J. D. O'Connor, D. G. Fox, P. J. Van Soest, and C. J. Sniffen. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: I. Ruminal fermentation. J. Anim. Sci. 70:3551-3561.
31. Russell, J. B., and D. B. Wilson. 1996. Why are ruminal cellulolytic bacteria unable to digest cellulose at low pH? J. Dairy Sci. 79:1503-1509.
32. SAS Institute. SAS User's Guide, Version 6. 1985. SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC.
33. Scheifinger, C. C., and M. J. Wolin. 1973. Propionate formation from cellulose and soluble sugars by combined cultures of Bacteroides succinogenes and Selenomonas ruminantium. Appl. Microbiol. 26:789-795.
34. Schofield, P., R. E. Pitt, and A. N. Pell. 1994. Kinetics of fiber digestion from in vitro gas production. J. Anim. Sci. 72:2980-2991.
35. Shabi, Z., I. Bruckental, H. Tagari, S. Zamwel, G. Adin, and A. Arielei. 1998. The effect of number of daily meals on milk yield and composition. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 7:249-259.
36. Sharma, B. K., R. A. Erdman, and J. B. Reeves III. 1988. Rate and extent of in situ digestion of medium and high quality alfalfa and orchardgrass neutral detergent fiber as determined by extended periods of incubation time. J. Dairy Sci. 71:3509-3515.
37. Slyter, L. L. 1986. The ability of pH-selected mixed ruminal microbial populations to digest fiber at various pHs. Appl. Environ Microbiol. 52:390-391.
38. Sniffen, C. J., J. D. O'Connor, P. J. Van Soest, D. G. Fox, and J. B. Russell. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. J. Anim. Sci. 70: 3562-3577.
39. Sutton, J. D., I. C. Hart, W. H. Broster, R. J. Elliot, and E. Schuller. 1986. Feeding frequency for lactating cows: effects on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites and hormones. Br. J. Nutr. 56:181-192.
40. Terry R. A., J.M.A. Tilley, and G. E. Outen. 1969. Effect of pH on cellulose digestion under in vitro conditions. J. Sci Food Agric. 20:317-320.
41. van Gylswyk, N. O. 1970. The effect of supplementing low-protein hay on the cellulolytic bacteria in the rumen of sheep and on the digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.)74:169-180.
42. Van Soest, P. J. 1994. Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. 2nd ed., Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
43. Waldo, D. R., L. W. Smith, and E. L. Cox. 1972. Models of cellulose disappearance from the rumen. J. Dairy Sci. 55:125-129.
44. Weimer, P. J. 1996. Why don't ruminal bacteria digest cellulose faster? J. Dairy Sci. 79:1496-1502.
45. Weimer, P. J., J. M. Lopez-Guisa, and A. D. French. 1990. Effect of cellulose fine structure on kinetics of its digestion by mixed ruminal microorganisms in vitro. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:2421-2429.
46. Weimer, P. J., Y. Shi, and C. L. Odt. 1991. A segmented gas/liquid delivery system for continuous culture of microorganisms on solid substrates and its use for growth of Ruminococcus flavefaciens on cellulose. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 36:178-183.
47. Weimer, P. J., G. C. Waghorn, C. L. Odt, and D. R. Mertens. 1999. Effect of diet on populations of three species of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 82:122-134.
48. Wells, J. E., and J. B. Russell. 1994. The endogenous metabolism of Fibrobacter succinogenes and its relationship to cellobiose transport, viability and cellulose digestion. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 47:471-476.
49. Wilson, J. R., and D. R. Mertens. 1995. Cell wall accessibility and cell structure limitations to microbial digestion of forage. Crop Sci. 35:251-259.
50. Woodford, S. T., and M. R. Murphy. 1988. Effect of forage physical form on chewing activity, dry matter intake, and rumen function of dairy cows in early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 71:674-686.