Stable lead isotope studies of Black Sea Anatolian ore sources and related Bronze Age and Phrygian artefacts from nearby archaeological sites. Appendix: New Central Taurus ore data

Archaeometry

Volumn 43, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 77-115

  Sayre, E V ^a   Joel, E C ^a   Blackman, M J ^a   Yener, K A ^b   Ozbal H ^c  

^a SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^c BOGAZICI UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Anatolia; Artefacts; Black Sea; Bronze Age; Central Taurus; Metal; Multivariate; Ores; Probabilities; Statistics

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035256191     PISSN: 0003813X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1475-4754.00006     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Baxter, M. J., 1999, On the multivariate normality of data arising from lead isotope fields, Journal of Archaeological Science, 26, 117-24.
2. Baxter, M. J., and Gale, N. H., 1998, Testing for multivariate normality via univariate tests: a case study using lead isotope ratio data, Journal of Applied Statistics, 25(5), 671-83.
3. Brill, R. H., and Wampler, J. M., 1967, Isotope ratios in archaeological objects of lead, in (ed. W. J. Young) Application of science in examination of works of art, 155-66, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
4. Budd, P., Pollard, A. M., Scaife, B., and Thomas, R. G., 1995, Oxhide ingots, recycling and the Mediterranean metals trade, Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, 8(1), 1-32.
5. Chalkias, S., Vavelidis, M., Schmitt-Strecker, S., and Begemann, F., 1988, Geologische Interpretation der Blei-isotopen-verhältnisse von Erzen der Insel Thasos, der Ägäis und Nordgriechenlands, in Antike Edel-und Buntmetallgewinnung auf Thasos (eds. G. A. Wagner and G. Weisgerber), 59-74, Der Anschnitt. Zeitschrift für Kunst und Kultur im Bergau, Supplement 6, Deutches Bergaumuseum, Bochum.
6. de Jesus, P. S., 1980, The development of prehistoric mining and metallurgy in Anatolia,. BAR International Series 74, Oxford.
7. Gale, N. H., and Stos-Gale, Z. A., 1985, Cyprus and the Bronze Age metals trade, in Acts of the Second International Congress of Cypriot Studies, Nicosia, 1982, 51-66.
8. Gale, N. H., and Stos-Gale, Z. A., 1986, Oxhide copper ingots in Crete and Cyprus and Bronze Age metals, Annual of the British School in Athens, 81, 81-100.
9. Gale, N. H., Stos-Gale, Z. A., and Gilmore, G. R., 1985, Alloy types and copper sources for Anatolian copper alloy artefacts, Anatolian Studies, XXXV, 143-73.
10. Gale, N. H., Stos-Gale, Z. A., Maliotis, G., and Annetts, N., 1997, Lead isotope data from the Isotrace Laboratory, Oxford: Archaeometry data base 4, ores from Cyprus, Archaeometry 39(1), 237-46.
11. Hirao, Y., and Enomoto, J., 1993, Chemical study of copper objects excavated by the fifth (1990) excavation expedition of Kaman-Kalehöyük, Anatolian Archaeological Studies, 2, 33-59 (in Japanese).
12. Hirao, Y., and Enomoto, J., 1994, Lead isotope ratios of copper objects excavated by the sixth (1991) and seventh (1992) expeditions of Kaman-Kalehöyük, Anatolian Archaeological Studies, 3, 91-106 (in Japanese).
13. Hirao, Y., Enomoto, J., and Tachikawa, H., 1995, Lead isotope ratios of copper, zinc and lead minerals in Turkey - in relation to the provenance study of artefacts, in Essays on ancient Anatolia and its surrounding civilizations (ed. H. I. H. Prince and T. Mikasa), 89-114, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden.
14. Hirao, Y., Sasaki, M., Takenaka, M., and Uchida, T., 1992, Lead isotope ratios of copper objects excavated from Kaman-Kalehöyük, Anatolian Archaeological Studies, 1, 165-86 (in Japanese).
15. Kaptan, E., 1978, Ancient miners' shovels and ore carriers discovered in Espiye-Bulancik area, Maden Tetkik Arama Bulletin, 91, 99-110.
16. Kaptan, E., 1984, New discoveries in the mining history of Turkey in the neighborhood of Gümüşköy, Kütahya, Maden Tetkik Arama Bulletin, 97/98, 140-7.
17. Kaptan, E., 1986, Ancient mining in the Tokat Province Anatolia, new finds, Anatolica, 13, 19-36.
18. Kaptan, E., 1991, Türkiye Madencilik Tarihine ait Koyulhisar-Kurşunlu Köyü Yöresindeki Buluntular, VI, Arkeometri Sonuçlari Toplantisi, 41-50, Department of Antiquities and Museums, Ankara.
19. Koşay, H. Z., 1951, Alaca Höyük Kazisi (Les Fouilles d'Alaca Höyük. Rapport préliminaire sur les travaux en 1937-39), Türk Tarih Kurmu Series V, No. 5, Ankara.
20. Koşay, H. Z., and Akok, M., 1950, Amasya Mahmatlar Köyü Definesi, Belleten, 14, 481-6.
21. Kouvo, O., 1976, Data reported in Lead isotope data book, United States Geological Survey open-file report, 77-8.
22. Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü (MTA), 1964, Iron ore deposits of Turkey, MTA No. 118, Ankara.
23. Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü (MTA), 1970, Arsenic, antimony and gold deposits of Turkey, MTA No. 129, Ankara.
24. Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü (MTA), 1972, Lead, copper and zinc deposits of Turkey, MTA No. 133, Ankara.
25. Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü (MTA), 1984, Geology of the Taurus Belt, MTA, Ankara.
26. Ozguç, N., 1966, Excavations at Acemhöyük, Anatolia, 10, 29-52.
27. Ozguç, T., and Akok, M., 1958, Horoztepe, an early Bronze Age settlement and cemetary, Turk Tarih Kurumu Yayinlari, Series V, No. 18, Ankara.
28. Özten, A., 1997, Acemhöyük Gümüs Hazinesi (The silver treasure of Acemhöyük), Belleten, 61, 233-71.
29. Panno, S. V., Harbottle, G., and Sayre, E. V., 1988, Distribution of selected elements in the shale of the Davis Formation, Buick Mine Area, Viburnum Trend, Southeast Missouri, Economic Geology, 83, 140-52.
30. Panno, S. V., Harbottle, G., Sayre, E. V., and Hood, W. C., 1983, Genetic implication of halide enrichment near a Mississippi Valley-type ore deposit, Economic Geology, 78, 150-6.
31. Ryan, C. W., 1960, A Guide to the Known Minerals of Turkey, Maden Tetkik Arama Enstitüsü, Ankara.
32. Sayre, E. V., Yener, K. A., and Joel, E. C., 1995, Comments on 'Oxhide ingots, recycling and the Mediterranean metals trade', Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, 8, 45-53.
33. Sayre, E. V., Yener, K. A., Joel, E. C., and Barnes, I. L., 1992, Statistical evaluation of the presently accumulated lead isotope data from Anatolia and surrounding regions, Archaeometry, 34(1), 73-105.
34. Scaife, B., Budd, P., McDonnell, J. G., Pollard, A. M., and Thomas, R. G., 1996, A reappraisal of statistical techniques used in lead isotope analysis, in Archaeometry 94, The Proceedings of the 29th International Symposium on Archaeometry (eds S. Demirci, A. M. Özer and G. D. Summers), 301-7, Tubitak, Ankara.
35. Seeliger, T. C., Pernicka, E., Wagner, G. A., Begemann, F., Schmitt-Strecker, S., Eibner, C., Öztunal, Ö., and Baranyi, I., 1985, Archaometallurgische Unterzuchen in Nord-und Ostanatolien, Jahrbuch des Römische-Germanischen Zentralmuseums, 597-659.
36. Stos-Gale, Z. A., Gale, N. H., and Annetts, N., 1996, Lead isotope data from the Isotrace Laboratory, Oxford: Archaeometry data base 3, ores from the Aegean, part 1, Archaeometry, 38(2), 381-90.
37. Stos-Gale, Z. A., Gale, N. H., and Gilmore, G. R., 1984, Early Bronze Age Trojan metal sources and Anatolians in the Cyclades, Oxford Journal of Archaeology, 3(3), 23-43.
38. von der Osten, H. H., 1937a, The Alishar Höyük, Seasons of 1930-32. Part I (Oriental Institute Press 28), Chicago University Press, Chicago.
39. von der Osten, H. H., 1937b, The Alishar Höyük, Seasons of 1930-32. Part II (Oriental Institute Press 29), Chicago University Press, Chicago.
40. von der Osten, H. H., and Schmidt, E. R., 1932, The Alishar Höyük, Season of 1927. Part II (Oriental Institute Press 7), Chicago University Press, Chicago.
41. Vavelidis, M., Bassaikos, I., Begemann, F., Patriarcheas, K., Pernicka, K., Smitt-Strecker, S., and Wagner, G. A., 1985, Silber, Blei und Gold auf Sifnos, Der Anschnitt, Zeitschrift für Kunst und Kultur im Bergau, Beiheft 3, 58-80.
42. Wagner, G. A., Begemann, F., Eibner, C., Lutz, J., Öztunal, Ö., Pernicka, E., and Schmitt-Strecker, S., 1992, Archäometallurgische Untersuchungen an Rohrstoff-Quellen des Frühen Kupfers Ostanatoliens. Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum Mainz, 36, Part 2.
43. Wagner, G. A., Pernicka, E., Seeliger, T. C., Lorenz, I. B., Begemann, F., Schmitt-Strecker, S., Eibner, C., and Öztunal, Ö., 1986, Geochemische und Isotopische Characteristika früher Rohstoffquellen für Kupfer, Blei, Silber und Gold in der Türkei, Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanische Zentralmuseums Mainz, 33, 723-52.
44. Yener, K. A., Sayre, E. V., Joel, E. C., Özbal, H., Barnes, I. L., and Brill, R.H., 1991, Stable lead isotope studies of Central Taurus ore sources and related artifacts from Eastern Mediterranean Chalcolithic and Bronze Age sites, Journal of Archaeological Science, 18(5), 541-77.