Dynamic response of active twist rotor blades

Smart Materials and Structures

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 62-76

  Cesnik, Carlos E S ^a   Shin, SangJoon ^a   Wilbur, Matthew L ^b  

^a USA   (United States)

^b NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTUATORS; AERODYNAMICS; DAMPING; DYNAMIC RESPONSE; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NOISE ABATEMENT; TORSIONAL STRESS; VIBRATION CONTROL;

ACTIVE TWIST ROTOR BLADES; AEROELASTIC MODEL; INDIVIDUAL BLADE CONTROL; STRAIN ACTUATORS;

HELICOPTER ROTORS;

EID: 0035248883     PISSN: 09641726     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0964-1726/10/1/306     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Ham N D 1987 Helicopter individual-blade-control research at MIT 1977-1985 Vertica 11 109-22
2. Loewy R G 1997 Recent developments in smart structures with aeronautical applications Proc. 37th Israel Ann. Conf. on Aerospace Sciences (February 26-27, 1997)
3. Friedmann P P 1997 The promise of adaptive materials for alleviating aeroelastic problems and some concerns Proc. Innovation in Rotorcraft Technology (London, UK, June 24-25, 1997) (London: Royal Aeronautical Society) pp 10.1-10.16
4. Giurgiutiu V 2000 Recent advances in smart-material rotor control actuation Proc. AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 41st Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conf. - Adaptive Structures Forum (Atlanta, Georgia, April 3-6, 2000) AIAA Paper No 2000-1709
5. Spangler R L Jr and Hall S R 1986 Piezoelectric actuators for helicopter rotor control SSL Report 1-89, SERC 14-90 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Space Engineering Research Center)
6. Walz C and Chopra I 1994 Design, fabrication and testing of a helicopter rotor model with smart trailing edge flaps Proc. AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 35th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conf. - Adaptive Structures Forum (Hilton Head, SC, April 21-22, 1994) AIAA-94-1767-CP
7. Fulton M V and Ormiston R 1997 Hover testing of a small-scale rotor with on-blade elevons Proc. American Helicopter Society 53rd Ann. Forum (Virginia Beach, VA, April 29-May 1, 1997)
8. Prechtl E F and Hall S R 1998 An X-frame actuator servo-flap actuation system for rotor control Proc. Society of Photo-Optical and Instrumentation Engineering (April 29-May 1, 1998) vol 3329, pp 309-19
9. Hassan A, Straub F K and Noonan K W 2000 Experimental/numerical evaluation of integral trailing edge/flaps for helicopter rotor applications Proc. American Helicopter Society 56th Ann. Forum (Virginia Beach, VA, May 2-4, 2000)
10. Millott T A and Friedmann P P 1994 Vibration reduction in helicopter rotors using an actively controlled partial span trailing edge flap located on the blade, NASA-CR-4611, June
11. Milgram J H and Chopra I 1998 Rotors with trailing-edge flaps: analysis and comparison with experimental data J. Am. Helicopter Soc. 43 319-31
12. Jaenker P, Kloeppel V, Hermle F, Storm S, Christmann M, Wettemann M and Lorkowski T 1999 Development and evaluation of a hybrid piezoelectric actuator for advanced flap control technology Proc. 26th Eur. Rotorcraft Forum (Rome, September 14-16, 1999)
13. Barrett R 1990 Intelligent rotor blade structures development using directionally attached piezoelectric crystals MS Thesis University of Maryland, College Park, MD
14. Chen P C and Chopra I 1993 A feasibility study to build a smart rotor: induced-strain actuation of airfoil twisting using piezoceramic crystals Proc. Society of Photo-Optical and Instrumentation Engineers (San Diego, CA, 1993) vol 1917, pp 238-54
15. Chen P C and Chopra I 1997 Hover testing of smart rotor with induced-strain actuation of blade twist AIAA J. 35 6-16
16. Rodgers J P and Hagood N W 1998 Development of an integral twist-actuated rotor blade for individual blade control, AMSL #98-6, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, October
17. Bernhard A P F and Chopra I 1999 Hover testing of active blade-tips using a piezo-induced bending-torsion coupled beam J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Structures 9 963-74
18. Cesnik C E S, Shin S-J, Wilkie W K, Wilbur M L and Mirick P H 1999 Modeling, design, and testing of the NASA/ARMY/MIT active twist rotor prototype blade Proc. American Helicopter Society 55th Ann. Forum (Montreal, May 25-27, 1999)
19. Myrtle T F and Friedmann P P 1997 New comprehensive time domain unsteady aerodynamics for flapped airfoils and its application to rotor vibration reduction using active control Proc. American Helicopter Society 53rd Ann. Forum (Virginia Beach, VA, April 29-May 1, 1997)
20. Crawley E F and de Luis J 1987 Use of piezoelectric actuators as elements of intelligent structures AIAA J. 25 1373-85
21. Crawley E F and Anderson E H 1990 Detailed models of piezoceramic actuation of beams J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Structures 1 4-25
22. Chandra R and Chopra I 1992 Structural response of composite beams and blades with elastic couplings Composites Eng. 2 347-74
23. Rehfield L W and Atilgan A R 1989 Shear center and elastic axis and their usefulness for composite thin-walled beams Proc. American Society for Composites, 4th Technical Conf. (Blackburg, VA, 1989) pp 179-88
24. Song O and Librescu L 1993 Vibrational behavior of rotating helicopter blades incorporating adaptive capabilities Proc. SPIE Smart Structures and Materials Conf. vol 1917
25. duPlessis A J and Hagood N W 1996 Modeling and experimental testing of twist actuated single cell composite beams for helicopter blade control, AMSL #96-1, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February
26. Wilkie W K, Belvin W and Park K C 1996 Aeroelastic analysis of helicopter rotor blade incorporating anisotropic piezoelectric twist actuator ASME 1996 World Congress and Exposition
27. Wilkie W K, Wilbur M L, Mirick P H, Cesnik C E S and Shin S-J 1999 Aeroelastic analysis of the NASA/ARMY/MIT active twist rotor Proc. American Helicopter Society 55th Ann. Forum (Montreal, May 25-27, 1999)
28. Wilbur M L, Yeager W T Jr, Wilkie W K, Cesnik C E S and Shin S-J 2000 Hover testing of the NASA/Army/MIT active twist rotor prototype blade Proc. American Helicopter Society 56th Ann. Forum (Virginia Beach, VA, May 2-4, 2000)
29. Berdichevsky V L 1979 Variational-asymptotic method of shell theory construction Prikladnaya Matematika i Mekhanica 43 664-87
30. Cesnik C E S 1994 Cross-sectional analysis of initially twisted and curved composite beams PhD Dissertation Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Aerospace Engineering, May
31. Volovoi V V, Hodges D H, Cesnik C E S and Popescu B 1999 Assessment of beam modeling method for rotor blade applications Proc. American Helicopter Society 55th Ann. Forum (Montreal, May 25-27, 1999)
32. Peters D A and He C J 1987 A closed form unsteady aerodynamic theory for lifting rotor in hover and forward flight Proc. American Helicopter Society 43rd Ann. Forum (St Louis, MO, May, 1987)
33. Cesnik C E S and Shin S-J 2001 On the modeling of integrally actuated helicopter blades Int. J. Solids Structures 38 1765-89
34. Cesnik C E S and Ortega-Morales M 1999 Active composite beam cross-sectional modeling-stiffness and active force components Proc. 40th AIAA Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conf. (St Louis, MS, April 20-23, 1999) AIAA Paper No 99-1548
35. Hodges D H 1990 A mixed variational formulation based on exact intrinsic equations for dynamics of moving beams Int. J. Solids Structures 26 1253-73
36. Shang X and Hodges D H 1995 Aeroelastic stability of composite rotor blades in hover Proc. 36th Structures, Structural Dynamics Materials Conf. (New Orleans, LA, April 10-12, 1995)
37. Hodges D H, Atilgan A R, Cesnik C E S and Fulton M V 1992 On a simplified strain energy function for geometrically nonlinear behaviour of anisotropic beams Composites Eng. 2 513-26
38. de Andrade D 1992 Application of finite-state inflow to flap-lag-torsion damping in hover PhD Dissertation Georgia Institute of Technology
39. Bent A A and Hagood N W 1997 Piezoelectric fiber composites with interdigitated electrodes J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Structures 8 903-19
40. Wickramasinghe V K and Hagood N W 2000 Material characterization of active fiber composite actuators for active twist helicopter rotor blade applications Proc. AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 41st Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conf. - Adaptive Structures Forum (Atlanta, GA, April 3-6, 2000) AIAA Paper No 2000-1499