Risky decision making in mixed-gender teams whose risk tolerance matters?

Small Group Research

Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 94-111

  Karakowsky, Leonard ^a   Elangovan, A R ^b  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035242042     PISSN: 10464964     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/104649640103200105     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
2. Berger, J., Cohen, B. P., & Zelditch, M., Jr. (1972). Status characteristics and social interaction. American Sociological Review, 37, 241-255.
3. Berger, J., Conner, T. L., & Fisek, M. H. (1974). Expectation states theory: A theoretical research program. Cambridge, MA: Winthrop.
4. Berger, J., Fisek, M. H., Norman, R. Z., & Zelditch, M., Jr. (1977). Status characteristics and social interaction: An expectation states approach. New York: Elsevier.
5. Berger, J., Rosenholtz, S. J., & Zelditch, M., Jr. (1980). Status organizing processes. Annual Review of Sociology, 6, 479-508.
6. Busenitz, L. (1999). Entrepreneurial risk and strategic decision-making: It's a matter of perspective. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 35, 325-340.
7. Byrnes, J. (1998). The nature and development of decision-making: A self-regulation model. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
8. Byrnes, J., Miller, D., & Schafer, W. (1999). Gender differences in risk-taking: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 367-383.
9. Carli, L. (1982). Are women more social and men more task-oriented? A meta-analytic review of sex differences in group interaction, reward allocation, coalition formation, and cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game. Unpublished manuscript, University of Massachusetts-Amherst.
10. Dobbins, G. H., Long, W. S., Dedrick, E. J., & Clemons, T. C. (1990). The role of self-monitoring and gender on leader emergence: A laboratory and field study. Journal of Management, 16, 609-618.
11. Driskell, J. E., Olmstead, B., & Salas, E. (1993). Task cues, dominance cues and influence in small groups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 51-60.
12. Eagly, A. H. (1983). Gender and social influence: A social psychological analysis. American Psychologist, 38, 971-981.
13. Eagly, A. H. (1987). Gender differences in social behavior: A social role interpretation. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
14. Eagly, A. H., & Carli, L. L. (1981). Sex of researchers and sex-typed communications as determinants of sex differences in influenceability: A meta-analysis of social influence studies. Psychological Bulletin, 90, 1-20.
15. Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (1982). Inferred sex differences in status as a determinant of gender stereotypes about social influence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 915-928.
16. Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (1991). Explaining sex differences in social behavior: A meta-analytic perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 306-315.
17. Fennell, M. L., Barchas, P. R., Cohen, E. G., McMahon, A. M., & Hildebrand, P. (1978). An alternative perspective on sex differences in organizational settings: The process of legitimization. Sex Roles, 4, 589-604.
18. French, J. R., & Raven, B. H. (1959). The bases of social power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Studies in social power (pp. 150-167). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research.
19. Greenspan, M. (1983). A new approach to women and therapy. New York: McGraw-Hill.
20. Hudgens, G., & Fatkins, L. (1985). Gender differences in risk taking: Repeated sessions on a computer-simulated task. Journal of Psychology, 119, 197-206.
21. Isen, A. M., & Patrick, R. (1983). The effect of positive feelings on risk taking: When the chips are down. OrganizationalBehavior and Human Decision Processes, 31, 194-202.
22. Jackson, S. (1992). Team composition in organizational settings: Issues in managing an increasingly diverse workforce. In S. Worchel, W. Wood, & J. Simpson (Eds.) Group Process and Productivity. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
23. Jamieson, B. (1977). Gender differences among drivers in yielding right-of-way. Psychological Reports, 41, 1243-1248.
24. Johnson, E., & Tversky, A. (1984). Representations of perceptions of risk. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 113, 55-70.
25. Johnson, J., & Ansic, D. (1997). Gender differences in risk behavior in financial decision-making: An experimental analysis. Journal of Economic Psychology, 18, 605-628.
26. Johnson, J., & Powell, P. (1994). Decision-making, risk and gender: Are managers different? British Journal of Management, 5, 123-138.
27. Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47, 263-291.
28. Karakowsky, L., & McBey, K. (in press). Do my contributions matter? The influence of imputed expertise on member involvement and self-evaluations in the work group. Group and Organization Management.
29. Karakowsky, L., & Siegel, J. P. (1999). The effects of proportional representation and gender orientation of the task on emergent leadership behavior in mixed-gender groups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 620-631.
30. Kelly, J., Wildman, H., & Urey, J. (1982). Gender and gender role differences in group decision-making social interactions: A behavioral analysis. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 12, 112-127.
31. Kent, R. L., & Moss, S. E. (1994). Effects of sex and gender role on leader emergence. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 1335-1346.
32. Levin, I., Snyder, M., & Chapman, D. (1988). The interaction of experiential and situational factors and gender in a simulated risky decision-making task. Journal of Psychology, 122, 173-181.
33. Libby, R., Trotman, K. T., & Zimmer, I. (1987). Member variation, recognition of expertise and group performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72, 81-87.
34. Littlepage, G. E., Whisler, E., Schmidt, G., & Frost, A. (1991). Social processes related to influence and performance in decision making groups. Paper presented at the Nags Head Conference on Groups, Networks and Organizations, Highland Beach, FL.
35. Maccoby, E., & Jacklin, C. (1974). The psychology of sex differences. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Press.
36. Marshall, J. (1984). Women managers: Travelers in a male world. New York: John Wiley.
37. Meeker, B. F., & Weitzel-O'Neill, P. A. (1977). Sex roles and interpersonal behavior in task-oriented groups. American Sociological Review, 42, 91-105.
38. Mittal, V., & Ross, W., Jr. (1998). The impact of positive and negative affect and issue framing on issue interpretation and risk taking. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 76, 298-324.
39. Myers, D., & Lamm, H. (1976). The group polarization phenomenon. Psychological Bulletin, 83, 602-627.
40. Powell, G. N. (1988). Women and men in management. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
41. Sherer, M., Maddux, J., Mecandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. (1982). The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction and validation. Psychological Reports, 51, 663-671.
42. Sitkin, S., & Weingart, L. (1995). Determinants of risky decision-making behavior: A test of the mediating role of risk perceptions and propensity. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 1573-1592.
43. Vancouver, J. B., & Ilgen, D. R. (1989). Effects of interpersonal orientation and the sex-type of the task on choosing to work alone or in groups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 927-934.
44. Whyte, G., Saks, A., & Hook, S. (1989). When success breeds failure: The role of self-efficacy in escalating commitment to a losing course of action. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 415-432.
45. Wood, W., & Karten, S. J. (1986). Sex differences in interaction style as a product of perceived sex differences in competence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5, 341-347.
46. Zinkhan, G., & Karande, K. (1991). Cultural and gender differences in risk-taking behavior among American and Spanish decision makers. Journal of Social Psychology, 13, 741-742.