Epidemiology of periodontal disease in children and adolescents

Periodontology 2000

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 16-32

  Jenkins, William M M ^a   Papapanou, Panos N ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHILD; DECIDUOUS TOOTH; DISEASE COURSE; GINGIVITIS; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; PERIODONTAL DISEASE; PERIODONTICS; PERIODONTITIS; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; TOOTH RADIOGRAPHY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHILD; DISEASE PROGRESSION; GINGIVITIS; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; PERIODONTAL ATTACHMENT LOSS; PERIODONTAL DISEASES; PERIODONTAL INDEX; PERIODONTITIS; PERIODONTITIS, JUVENILE; PREVALENCE; RADIOGRAPHY, BITEWING; TOOTH, DECIDUOUS;

EID: 0035230014     PISSN: 09066713     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0757.2001.2260102.x     Document Type: Article

References (116)

1. Aass AM, Albandar JM, Aasenden R, Tollefsen T, Gjermo P. Variation in radiographic alveolar bone loss in subgroups of 14-year-old schoolchildren in Oslo. J Clin Periodontol 1988: 15: 130-133.
2. Aass AM, Tollefsen T, Gjermo P. A cohort study of radiographic alveolar bone loss during adolescence. J Clin Periodontol 1994: 21: 133-138.
3. Addo Yobo C, Williams SA, Curzon ME. Oral hygiene practices, oral cleanliness and periodontal treatment needs in 12-year-old urban and rural school children in Ghana. Community Dent Health 1991: 8: 155-162.
4. Ainamo J, Ainamo A. Partial indices as indicators of the severity and prevalence of periodontal disease. Int Dent J 1985: 35: 322-326.
5. Ainamo J, Barmes D, Beagrie G, Cutress T, Martin J, Sardo-Infirri J. Development of the World Health Organization (WHO) community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN). Int Dent J 1982: 32: 281-291.
6. Ainamo J, Parviainen K, Murtomaa H. Reliability of the CPITN in the epidemiological assessment of periodontal treatment needs at 13 to 15 years of age. Int Dent J 1984: 34: 214-218.
7. Albandar JM. Prevalence of incipient radiographic periodontal lesions in relation to ethnic background and dental care provisions in young adults. J Clin Periodontol 1989: 16: 625-629.
8. Albandar JM. Juvenile periodontitis - pattern of progression and relationship to clinical periodontal parameters. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1993: 21: 185-189.
9. Albandar JM, Baghdady VS, Ghose LJ. Periodontal disease progression in teenagers with no preventive dental care provisions. J Clin Periodontol 1991: 18: 300-304.
10. Albandar JM, Brown LJ, Brunelle JA, Löe H. Gingival state and dental calculus in early-onset periodontitis. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 953-959.
11. Albandar JM, Brown LJ, Löe H. Dental caries and tooth loss in adolescents with early-onset periodontitis. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 960-967.
12. Albandar JM, Buischi YA, Barbosa ME Destructive forms of periodontal disease in adolescents. A 3-year longitudinal study. J Periodontol 1991: 62: 370-376.
13. Albandar JM, Kingman A, Brown LJ, Löe H. Gingival inflammation and subgingival calculus as determinants of disease progression in early-onset periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1998: 25: 231-237.
14. Anderson RJ. The changes in the dental health of 12-year-old schoolchildren in two Somerset schools. A review after an interval of 15 years. Br Dent J 1981: 150: 218-221.
15. Bäckman N, Holm A-K, Keskitalo, Gustafsson L. Dental health of national servicemen in Umeå. Swed Dent J 1981: 5: 129-139.
16. Baelum V, Fejerskov O, Manji F, Wanzala P. Influence of CPITN partial recordings on estimates of prevalence and severity of various periodontal conditions in adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1993: 21: 354-359.
17. Baelum V, Manji F, Fejerskov O, Wanzala P. Validity of CPITN's assumptions of hierarchical occurrence of periodontal conditions in a Kenyan population aged 15-65 years. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1993: 21: 347-353.
18. Baelum V, Papapanou PN. CPITN and the epidemiology of periodontal disease. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1996: 24: 367-368.
19. Baer PN. The case for periodontosis as a clinical entity. J Periodontol 1971: 42: 516-519.
20. Barnes GP, Bowles WF, Carter HG. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis: a survey of 218 cases. J Periodontol 1973: 44: 35-42.
21. Bhat M. Periodontal health of 14- to 17-year-old US schoolchildren. J Public Health Dent 1991: 51: 5-11.
22. Bimstein E, Delaney JE, Sweeney EA. Radiographic assessment of the alveolar bone in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dent 1988: 10: 199-204.
23. Bimstein E, Treasure ET, Williams SM, Dever JG. Alveolar bone loss in 5-year-old New Zealand children: its prevalence and relationship to caries prevalence, socio-economic status and ethnic origin. J Clin Periodontol 1994: 21: 447-450.
24. Björn A-L, Halling A. Clinical and roentgenographic examination of 697 Swedish recruits, year group 1980. Swed Dent J 1983: 7: 129-139.
25. Blankenstein R, Murray JJ, Lind OP. Prevalence of chronic periodontitis in 13- to 15-year-old children. A radiographic study. J Clin Periodontol 1978: 5: 285-292.
26. Booth V, Ashley F. The oral health of a group of 15- to 17-year-old British school children of different ethnic origins. Community Dent Health 1989: 6: 196-205.
27. Brown LJ, Albandar JM, Brunelle JA, Löe H. Early-onset periodontitis: progression of attachment loss during 6 years. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 968-975.
28. Carlos J, Wolfe M, Kingman A. The extent and severity index: a simple method for use in epidemiologic studies of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1986: 13: 500-504.
29. Clerehugh V, Lennon MA. The attachment level as a measure of early periodontitis. Community Dent Health 1984: 1: 33-40.
30. Clerehugh V, Lennon MA. The radiographic measurement of early periodontal bone loss and its relationship with clinical loss of attachment. Br Dent J 1986: 161: 141-144.
31. Clerehugh V, Lennon MA, Worthington HV. Aspects of the validity of buccal loss of attachment >1 mm in studies of early periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1988: 15: 207-210.
32. Clerehugh V, Lennon MA, Worthington HV. 5-year results of longitudinal study of early periodontitis in 14- to 19-year-old adolescents. J Clin Periodontol 1990: 17: 702-708.
33. Clerehugh V, Worthington HV, Lennon MA, Chandler R. Site progression of loss of attachment over 5 years in 14-to 19-year-old adolescents. J Clin Periodontol 1995: 22: 15-21.
34. Cogen RB, Al-Joburi W, Caufield PW, Stanley HP, Donaldson K. Periodontal disease in healthy children: two clinical reports. Pediatr Dent 1984: 6: 41-45.
35. Curilovic Z, Mazor Z, Berchtold H. Gingivitis in Zurich schoolchildren. A re-examination after 20 years. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnheikd 1977: 87: 801-808.
36. Cutress TW. Periodontal health and periodontal disease in young people: global epidemiology. Int Dent J 1986: 36: 146-151.
37. Davies PHJ, Downer MC, Lennon MA. Periodontal bone loss in English secondary school children. A longitudinal radiological study. J Clin Periodontol 1978: 5: 278-284.
38. Dummer PMH, Jenkins SM, Newcombe RG, Addy M, Kingdon A. An assessment of approximal bone height in the posterior segments of 15- to 16-year-old children using bitewing radiographs. J Oral Rehabil 1995: 22: 249-255.
39. Enwonwu CO. Epidemiological and biochemical studies of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and noma (cancrum oris) in Nigerian children. Arch Oral Biol 1972: 17: 1357-1371.
40. Falkler W Jr, Martin SA, Vincent JW, Tall BD, Naumann RK, Suzuki JB. A clinical, demographic and microbiologic study of ANUG patients in an urban dental school. J Clin Periodontol 1987: 14: 307-314.
41. Giddon DB, Goldhaber P, Dunning JM. Prevalence of reported cases of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in a university population. J Periodontol 1963: 34: 66-70.
42. Gjermo P, Bellini HT, Pereira Santos V, Martins JG, Ferracyoli JR. Prevalence of bone loss in a group of Brazilian teenagers assessed on bitewing radiographs. J Clin Periodontol 1984: 11: 104-113.
43. Grupe HE, Wilder LS. Observations of necrotizing gingivitis in 870 military trainees. J Periodontol 1956: 27: 255-261.
44. Grytten J, Holst D, Gjermo P. Validity of CPITN's hierarchical scoring method for describing the prevalence of periodontal conditions. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1989: 17: 300-303.
45. Hansen BF, Gjermo P, Bellini HT, Ihanamaki K, Saxén L. Prevalence of radiographic alveolar bone loss in young adults, a multi-national study. Int Dent J 1995: 45: 54-61.
46. Hansen BF, Gjermo P, Bergwitz-Larsen KR. Periodontal bone loss in 15-year-old Norwegians. J Clin Periodontol 1984: 11: 125-131.
47. Hara Y, Aono M, Maeda K, Akamine A, Furukawa T, Yoshimura S. Immunohistological study with peroxidase - antiperoxidase staining in a case of generalised prepubertal periodontitis. J Periodontol 1986: 57: 100-103.
48. Harley AF, Floyd PD. Prevalence of juvenile periodontitis in schoolchildren in Lagos, Nigeria. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1988: 16: 299-301.
49. Holmgren CJ. CPITN - interpretations and limitations. Int Dent J 1994: 44: 533-546.
50. Holmgren CJ, Corbet EF. Relationship between periodontal parameters and CPITN scores. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1990: 18: 322-323.
51. Holmstrup P, Westergaard J. Necrotizing periodontal disease. In: Lindhe J, Karring T, Lang NP, ed. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry. 3rd edn. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1998: 258-278.
52. Hoover JN, Ellegaard B, Attström R. Periodontal status of 14- to 16-year-old Danish schoolchildren. Scand J Dent Res 1989: 89: 175-179.
53. Hormand J, Frandsen A. Juvenile periodontitis. Localization of bone loss in relation to age, sex and teeth. J Clin Periodontol 1979: 6: 407-416.
54. Horning GM, Cohen ME. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, periodontitis and stomatitis: clinical staging and predisposing factors. J Periodontol 1995: 66: 990-998.
55. Horning GM, Hatch CL, Lutskus J. The prevalence of periodontitis in a military treatment population. J Am Dent Assoc 1990: 121: 616-622.
56. Hugoson A, Koch G, Bergendal T, Hallonsten A-L, Slotte C, Thorstensson B, Thorstensson H. Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jönköping, Sweden in 1973, 1983 and 1993. II. Review of clinical and radiographic findings. Swed Dent J 1995: 19: 243-260.
57. Hugoson A, Koch G, Rylander H. Prevalence and distribution of gingivitis - periodontitis in children and adolescents. Epidemiological data as a base for risk group selection. Swed Dent J 1981: 5: 91-103.
58. Hugoson A, Rylander H. Longitudinal study of periodontal status in individuals aged 15 years in 1973 and 20 years in 1978 in Jönköping, Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1982: 10: 37-42.
59. Jamison HC. Prevalence of periodontal disease of the deciduous teeth. J Am Dent Assoc 1963: 66: 207-215.
60. Jiménez ML, Baer PN. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in children: a nine year clinical study. J Periodontol 1975: 46: 715-720.
61. Källestål C, Matsson L. Criteria for assessment of interproximal bone loss on bitewing radiographs in adolescence. J Clin Periodontol 1989: 16: 300-304.
62. Källestål C, Matsson L. Marginal bone loss in 16-year-old Swedish adolescents in 1975 and 1988. J Clin Periodontol 1991: 18: 740-743.
63. Källestål C, Matsson L, Holm AK. Periodontal conditions in a group of Swedish adolescents. I. A descriptive epidemiologic study. J Clin Periodontol 1990: 17: 601-608.
64. Källestål C, Matsson L, Persson S. Proximal attachment loss in Swedish adolescents. J Clin Periodontol 1991: 18: 760-765.
65. Keszthelyi G, Szabo I. Attachment loss in primary molars. J Clin Periodontol 1987: 14: 48-51.
66. 2 complex. Br Dent J 1943: 74: 113-122.
67. Kronauer E, Borsa G, Lang NP. Prevalence of incipient juvenile periodontitis at age 16 years in Switzerland. J Clin Periodontol 1986: 13: 103-108.
68. Lennon MA, Davies RM. Prevalence and distribution of alveolar bone loss in a population of 15-year-old schoolchildren. J Clin Periodontol 1974: 1: 175-182.
69. Lewis JM, Morgan MV, Wright FAC. The validity of the CPITN scoring and presentation method for measuring periodontal conditions. J Clin Periodontol 1994: 21: 1-6.
70. Löe H, Anerud A, Boyson H, Morrison E. Natural history of periodontal disease in man. Rapid, moderate and no loss of attachment in Sri Lankan laborers 14 to 46 years of age. J Clin Periodontol 1986: 13: 431-440.
71. Löe H, Brown LJ. Early onset periodontitis in the United States of America. J Periodontol 1991: 62: 608-616.
72. Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand 1963: 21: 533-551.
73. Lopez NJ, Rios V, Pareja MA, Fernandez O. Prevalence of juvenile periodontitis in Chile. J Clin Periodontol 1991: 18: 529-533.
74. Malberger E. Acute infectious oral necrosis among young children in the Gambia, West Africa. J Periodontal Res 1967: 2: 154-162.
75. Manji F, Sheiham A. CPITN findings and the manpower implications of periodontal treatment needs for Kenyan children. Community Dent Health 1985: 3: 143-151.
76. Mann J, Cormier PP, Green P, Ram CA, Miller MF, Ship II. Loss of periodontal attachment in adolescents. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1981: 9: 135-141.
77. Massler M, Cohen A, Schour I. Epidemiology of gingivitis in children. J Am Dent Assoc 1952: 45: 319-324.
78. Massler M, Schour I. The P-M-A Index of gingivitis. J Dent Res 1949: 28(abstr): 634.
79. Massler M, Schour I, Choppa B. Occurrence of gingivitis in suburban Chicago school children. J Periodontol 1950: 21: 146-164.
80. Matsson L, Hjersing K, Sjödin B. Periodontal conditions in Vietnamese immigrant children in Sweden. Swed Dent J 1995: 19: 73-81.
81. Matsson L, Sjödin B, Käson Blomquist H. Periodontal health in adopted children of Asian origin living in Sweden. Swed Dent J 1997: 21: 177-184.
82. Melvin WL, Sandifer JB, Gray JL. The prevalence and sex ratio of juvenile periodontitis in a young racially mixed population. J Periodontol 1991: 62: 330-334.
83. Miyazaki HM, Pilot T, Leclercq M-H, Barmes DE. Profiles of periodontal conditions in adolescents measured by CPITN. Int Dent J 1991: 41: 67-73.
84. Neely AL. Prevalence of juvenile periodontitis in a circumpubertal population. J Clin Periodontol 1992: 19: 367-372.
85. O'Brien M. Children's dental health in the United Kingdom 1993. London: HMSO, 1994.
86. Oginni FO, Oginni AO, Ugboko VI, Otuyemi OD. A survey of cancrum oris seen in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Int J Paediatr Dent 1999: 9: 75-80.
87. Osuji OO. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and cancrum oris (noma) in Ibadan, Nigeria. J Periodontol 1990: 61: 769-772.
88. Page RC, Morrison EC. Summary of outcomes and recommendations of the workshop on (CPITN). Int Dent J 1994: 44: 589-594.
89. Papapanou PN. Periodontal diseases: epidemiology. Proceedings of the 1996 World Workshop in Periodontics. Ann Periodontol 1996: 1: 1-36.
90. Parfitt GJ. A five-year longitudinal study of the gingival conditions of a group of children in England. J Periodontol 1957: 28: 26-32.
91. Pilot T. The periodontal disease problem. A comparison between industrialised and developing countries. Int Dent J 1998: 48(suppl 1): 221-232.
92. Pindborg JJ. Gingivitis in military personnel with special reference to ulceromembranous gingivitis. Odontol Tidsk 1951: 59: 407-493.
93. Pindborg JJ, Bhat M, Devenath KR, Narayana HR, Ramachandra S. Occurrence of acute necrotizing gingivitis in South Indian children. J Periodontol 1966: 37: 14-19.
94. Position paper: periodontal diseases of children and adolescents. J Periodontol 1996: 67: 57-62.
95. Robinson PG. Which periodontal changes are associated with HIV infection? J Clin Periodontol 1998: 25: 278-285.
96. Sawyer DR, Nwoku AL. Cancrum oris (noma): past and present. J Dent Child 1981: 48: 138-141.
97. Saxby MS. Juvenile periodontitis: an epidemiological study in the west Midlands of the United Kingdom. J Clin Periodontol 1987: 14: 594-598.
98. Saxén L. Prevalence of juvenile periodontitis in Finland. J Clin Periodontol 1980: 7: 177-186.
99. Shanley DB, Ahern FA. Periodontal disease and the influence of socio-educational factors in adolescents. In: Frandsen A, ed. Public health aspects of periodontal disease. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co., 1984: 109-120.
100. Shapira L, Schlesinger M, Bimstein E. Possible autosomal-dominant inheritance of prepubertal periodontitis in an extended kindred. J Clin Periodontol 1997: 24: 388-393.
101. Shapira L, Smidt A, Van Dyke TE, Barak V, Soskolne WA, Brautbar C, Sela MN, Bimstein E. Sequential manifestation of different forms of early onset periodontitis. A case report. J Periodontol 1994: 65: 631-635.
102. Sheiham A. An epidemiological survey of acute ulcerative gingivitis in Nigerians. Arch Oral Biol 1966: 11: 937-942.
103. Silness J, Roynstrand T. Partial mouth recording of plaque, gingivitis and probing depth in adolescents. J Clin Periodontol 1988: 15: 189-192.
104. Sjödin B, Matsson L. Marginal bone level in the normal primary dentition. J Clin Periodontol 1992: 19: 672-678.
105. Sjödin B, Matsson L. Marginal bone loss in the primary dentition: a survey of 7- to 9-year-old children in Sweden. J Clin Periodontol 1994: 21: 313-319.
106. Sjödin B, Matsson L, Unell L, Egelberg J. Marginal bone loss in the primary dentition of patients with juvenile periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1993: 20: 32-36.
107. Speake JD, Malaki T. Oral health in Tuvalu. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1982: 10: 173-177.
108. Stammers A. Vincent's infection observations and conclusions regarding the etiology and treatment of 1017 civilian cases. Br Dent J 1944: 76: 147-209.
109. Stevens A Jr, Cogen RB, Cohen-Cole S, Freeman A. Demographic and clinical data associated with acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in a dental school population (ANUG-demographic and clinical data). J Clin Periodontol 1984: 11: 487-493.
110. Sutcliffe P. A longitudinal study of gingivitis and puberty. J Periodontal Res 1972: 7: 52-58.
111. Sweeney EA, Alcoforado GAP, Nyman S, Slots J. Prevalence and microbiology of localised pre-pubertal periodontitis. Oral Microbiol Immunol 1987: 2: 65-70.
112. Taiwo JO. Oral hygiene status and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in Nigerian children. J Periodontol 1993: 64: 1071-1074.
113. Tinoco EMB, Beldi MI, Loureiro CA, Lana M, Campedelli F, Tinoco NMB, Gjermo P, Preus HR. Localized juvenile periodontitis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in a Brazilian population. Eur J Oral Sci 1997: 105: 9-14.
114. Van der Velden U, Abbas F, Van Steenbergen TJM, De Zoete OJ, Hesse M, De Ruyter C, De Laat VHM, De Graaff J. Prevalence of periodontal breakdown in adolescents and presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in subjects with attachment loss. J Periodontol 1989: 60: 604-610.
115. Wolfe MD, Carlos JP. Periodontal disease in adolescents: epidemiologic findings in Navajo Indians. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1987: 15: 33-40.
116. World Health Organization. Oral health surveys. Basic methods. 4th edn. Geneva: WHO, 1997.