An improved solution of the gravity field of Mars (GMM-2B) from Mars Global Surveyor

Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets

Volumn 106, Issue E10, 2001, Pages 23359-23376

  Lemoine, F G ^a   Smith, D E ^a   Rowlands, D D ^a   Zuber, M T ^a,b   Neumann, G A ^a,b   Chinn, D S ^a,c   Pavlis, D E ^a,c  

^a NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c RAYTHEON COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLOBAL SURVEYOR MISSION; GRAVITY FIELD; MARS;

EID: 0035203164     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000JE001426     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Anderson, J. D., L. Efron, and S. K. Wong, Martian mass and Earth-Moon mass ratio from coherent S-band tracking of Mariners 6 and 7, Science, 167, 277-279, 1970.
2. Ash, M. E., I. I. Shapiro, and W. B. Smith, Astronomical constants and planetary ephemerides deduced from radar and optical observations, Astron. J., 72, 338-350, 1967.
3. Balmino, G., B. Moynot, and N. Valès, Gravity field of Mars in spherical harmonics up to degree and order eighteen, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 9735-9746, 1982.
4. Born, G. H., Mars physical parameters as determined from Mariner 9 observations of the natural satellites and doppler tracking, J. Geophys. Res., 79(32), 4837-4844, 1974.
5. Christensen, E. J., and G. Balmino, Development and analysis of a twelfth Degree and Order gravity model for Mars, J. Geophys. Res., 84(B14), 7943-7953, 1979.
6. Christensen, E. J., and B. G. Williams, Mars gravity field derived from Viking-1 and Viking-2: The navigation result, J. Guidance and Control 2(3), 179-183, 1979.
7. Cutting, E., G. H. Born, and J. C. Frautnick, Orbit Analysis for SEASAT-A, J. Astron. Sci., 26, 315-342, 1978.
8. Davies, M. E., et al., Report of the IAU/IAG/COSPAR working group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements of the planets and satellites: 1991, Celestial Mech. Dyn. Astron., 53, 377-397, 1992.
9. Esposito, P., V. Alwar, S. Demcak, E. Graat, M. Johnston, and R. Mase, Mars Global Surveyor navigation and aerobraking at Mars, AAS Paper 98-384, paper presented at AAS/AIAA Space Flight Mechanics meeting, Monterey, Calif., Feb. 9-11, 1998.
10. Gapcynski, J. P., R. H. Toison, and W. H. Michael, Jr., Mars gravity field: Combined Viking and Mariner 9 results, J. Geophys. Res., 82(28), 4325-4327, 1977.
11. Jaglit, M., Spacecraft HGA phase center and line of boresight movements after deployment with azimuth and elevation gimbal positions, Interoff. Memo. 98-011, Lockheed Martin, Denver, Colo., Feb. 16, 1998.
12. Johnston, M. D., P. B. Esposito, V. Alwar, S. W. Demcak, E. J. Graat, P. D. Burkhart, and B. M. Portock, The strategy for the second phase of aerobraking Mars Global Surveyor, AAS Paper 99-303, paper presented at AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Girdwood, Alaska, Aug. 16-19, 1999.
13. Kaula, W. M., Theory of Satellite Geodesy, Blaisdell, Waltham, Mass., 1966.
14. Konopliv, A. S., and W. L. Sjogren, The JPL Mars gravity field, Mars50c, based upon Viking and Mariner 9 Doppler tracking data, JPL Publ. 95-5, Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., Feb. 1995.
15. Lemoine, F. G., The dynamics of orbiting satellites and gravity model development, Ph.D thesis, 413 pp, Univ. of Colo., Boulder, Colo., 1992.
16. Lemoine, F. G., D. D. Rowlands, G. A. Neumann, D. E. Smith, D. E. Pavlis, D. S. Chinn, and S. B. Luthcke, Precise orbit determination for Mars Global Surveyor during Hiatus and SPO, in Spaceflight Mechanics 1999, Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, vol. 102, edited by R. H. Bishop, et al., pp. 649-665, Univelt Inc., San Diego, Calif., 1999a.
17. Lemoine, F. G., D. D. Rowlands, N. P. Zelensky, S. B. Luthcke, C. M. Cox, and G. C. Marr, Precise orbit determination for the GEOSAT-follow-on spacecraft, in 1999 Flight Mechanics Symposium, NASA Conf. Publ., NASA/CP-1999-209235, Greenbelt, Md., 495-508, 1999b.
18. Lorell, J., et al., Gravity field of Mars from Mariner 9 tracking data, Icarus, 18, 304-316, 1973.
19. Luthcke, S. B., J. A. Marshall, S. C. Rowton, K. E. Rachlin, C. M. Cox, and R. G. Williamson, Enhanced radiative force modeling of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellites, J. Astron. Sci., 45(3), 349-370, 1997.
20. Marshall, J. A. M., and S. B. Luthcke, Radiative force model performance for TOPEX/Poseidon precision orbit determination, J. Astron. Sci., 45(2), 229-246, 1994.
21. McCarthy, D. D. (Ed.), IERS Conventions (1996), IERS Tech. Note 21, U.S. Naval Obs., Washington D. C., 1996.
22. Moyer, T. D., Transformation from proper time on Earth to coordinate time in solar system barycentric space-time frame of reference, part I and part II, Celestial Mech., 23, 33-68, 1981.
23. Moyer, T. D., Changes to the ODF and ODE for processing X-band uplink data, Eng. Memo., 314, 4-430, Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., 1987.
24. Moyer, T. D., REGRES modifications for processing Block V exciter range observables, Eng. Memo., 314, 5-1795, Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., 1995.
25. Neumann, G. A., D. D. Rowlands, F. G. Lemoine, D. E. Smith, and M. T. Zuber, The crossover analysts of Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
26. Null, G. W., A solution for the mass and dynamical oblateness of Mars using Mariner-IV Doppler data, Bull. Am. Astron. Soc., 1, 356, 1969.
27. O'Neil, W. J., et al., Mariner 9 navigation, Technical report 32-1586, Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., Nov. 1973.
28. Pavlis, D. E., S. G. Poulose, S. C. Rowton, J. J. McCarthy, and S. B. Luthcke, GEODYN operations manuals, contractor report Raytheon ITSS, Greenbelt, Maryland, March 15, 2000.
29. Reasenberg, R. D., I. I. Shapiro, and R. D. White, The gravity field of Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2(3), 89-92, March 1975.
30. Rowlands, D. D., D. E. Pavlis, F. G. Lemoine, G. A. Neumann, and S. B. Luthcke, The use of laser altimetry in the orbit and attitude determination of Mars Global Surveyor, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1191-1194, 1999.
31. Semenov, B., MGS Antenna Frames SPICE instrument kernel (version 1.0), Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., March 1, 1999.
32. Simons, M., S. C. Solomon, and B. H. Hager, Localization of gravity and topography constraints in tectonics in mantle dynamics of Venus, Geophys. J. Int., 131(1), 24-44, 1997.
33. Sinclair, A. T., The motions of the satellites of Mars, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 155, 249-274, 1972.
34. Sjogren, W. L., Mars gravity: High resolution results from Viking Orbiter 2, Science, 203, 1006-1010, 1979.
35. Sjogren, W. L., J. Lorell, L. Wong, and W. Downs, Mars gravity field based on a short-arc technique, J. Geophys. Res., 80, 2899-2908, 1975.
36. Sjogren, W. L., R. N. Wimberly, D. L. Cain, and J. P. Brenkle, Mars gravity: Additional resolution from Viking Orbiter 1, in Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, pp. 3561-3573, Pergamon, New York, 1978.
37. Sjogren, W. L., D.-N. Yuan, and A. S. Konopliv, Mars gravity field modeling with MGS, Spring meeting, Eos Trans. AGU, , 80(17), Suppl., S204, 1999.
38. Smith, D. E., and M. T. Zuber, The shape of Mars and the topographic signature of the hemispheric dichotomy, Science 271, 184-188, 1996.
39. Smith, D. E., F. J. Lerch, R. S. Nerem, M. T. Zuber, G. B. Patel, S. K. Fricke, and F. G. Lemoine, An improved gravity model for Mars: Goddard Mars Model 1, J. Geophys. Res., 98(E11), 20871-20889, 1993.
40. 2 cycle and the time variation of the gravity field: A general circulation model simulation, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1885-1896, 1999a.
41. Smith, D. E., W. L. Sjogren, G. L. Tyler, G. Balmino, F. G. Lemoine, and A. S. Konopliv, The gravity field of Mars: Results from Mars Global Surveyor, Science, 286, 94-97, 1999b.
42. Smith, D. E., et al., Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA): Experiment summary after the first year of global mapping of Mars, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
43. Snyder, C. W., The missions of the Viking Orbiters, J. Geophys. Res., 82(28), 3971-3983, 1977.
44. Snyder, C. W., The extended mission of Viking, J. Geophys. Res., 84(B14), 7917-7933, 1979.
45. Standish, M. E., X X Newhall, J. G. Williams, and W. M. Folkner, JPL planetary and lunar ephemerides DE403 /LE403, JPL Interoff. Memo. 314.10-127, Jet Propul. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., May 22, 1995.
46. Stewart, A. I. F., Revised time dependent model of the martian atmosphere for use in orbit lifetime and sustenance studies, final report, JPL PO NQ-802429, Lab. for Atmos. and Space Phys., Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, March 26, 1987.
47. Tracadas, P., M. T. Zuber, D. E. Smith, and F. G. Lemoine, Density structure of the upper thermosphere of Mars from measurements of air drag on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
48. Tyler, G. L., G. Balmino, D. P. Hinson, W. L. Sjogren, D. E. Smith, R. Woo, S. W. Asmar, M. J. Connally, C. L. Hamilton, and R. A. Simpson, Radio science investigations with Mars Observer, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7759-7779, 1992.
49. Tyler, G. L., G. Balmino, D. P. Hinson, W. L. Sjogren, D. E. Smith, R. A. Simpson, S. W. Asmar, P. Priest, and J. D. Twicken, Radio science observations with Mars Global Surveyor: orbit insertion through one year in mapping orbit, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
50. Ullman, R., SOLVE program mathematical formulation, Rep. HSTX-G & G-9201, Raytheon ITSS, Greenbelt, Md., May 1997.
51. Wilkins, G. A., A new determination of the elements of the orbits of the satellites of Mars, in Theory of Orbits in the Solar System and in Stellar Systems, edited by G. Contopoulos, pp. 271-273, Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1967.
52. Yoder, C. F., and E. M. Standish, Martian precession and rotation from Viking lander range data, J. Geophys. Res., 102(E2), 4065-4080, 1997.
53. Yuan, D.-N., W. L. Sjogren, A. S. Konopliv, and A. B. Kucinskas, The gravity field of Mars: A 75th degree and order model, J. Geophys. Res., this issue.
54. Zuber, M. T., D. E. Smith, S. C. Solomon, D. O. Muhleman, J. W. Head, J. B. Garvin, J. B. Abshire, and J. L. Bufton, The Mars Observer Laser Altimeter investigation, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7781-7797, 1992.
55. Zuber, M. T., et al., Internal structure and early thermal evolution of Mars from Mars Global Surveyor topography and gravity, Science, 287, 1788-1793, 2000.